Batcheditor, Moderator, Protector, Reviewer, Bots, Bureaucrats, editor, Interface administrators, pagecreator, pagedeleter, Suppressors, Administrators, Widget editors
357,064
edits
m
Text replacement - " " to " "
Janaeelizan7 (talk | contribs) (removal of LDS from page) |
m (Text replacement - " " to " ") |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
Tonga - unique among Pacific nations - never completely lost its indigenous governance. The archipelagos of "The Friendly Islands" were united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. Tonga became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900; it withdrew from the protectorate and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970. Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific. [[Image:Tonga.png|border|right|300px|Tonga.png]] | Tonga - unique among Pacific nations - never completely lost its indigenous governance. The archipelagos of "The Friendly Islands" were united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. Tonga became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900; it withdrew from the protectorate and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970. Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific. [[Image:Tonga.png|border|right|300px|Tonga.png]] | ||
There are 170 islands in ''Tonga,'' of which 56 are inhabited. They are of coral or volcanic formation. The total land area is less than 300 square miles. About half of the land is cultivated, and the soil is very fertile. ''Tonga'' is divided into three island groups: ''Tongatapu group ''in the south, ''Ha`apai'' in the middle, and''Vava`u ''in the ''no''rth. ''Nukualofa'' is the capital, where the average temperature is 76 degrees and the humidity is 76 percent. Cyclones are possible from October to April, and the dry season is from June to November. | There are 170 islands in ''Tonga,'' of which 56 are inhabited. They are of coral or volcanic formation. The total land area is less than 300 square miles. About half of the land is cultivated, and the soil is very fertile. ''Tonga'' is divided into three island groups: ''Tongatapu group ''in the south, ''Ha`apai'' in the middle, and''Vava`u ''in the ''no''rth. ''Nukualofa'' is the capital, where the average temperature is 76 degrees and the humidity is 76 percent. Cyclones are possible from October to April, and the dry season is from June to November. | ||
The population is about 195,000. ''Nuku`alofa ''has about 35,000 inhabitants. | The population is about 195,000. ''Nuku`alofa ''has about 35,000 inhabitants. Tonga has close ties with ''Great Britain'', and ''Tongan ''and ''English ''are both official languages. | ||
About 30 percent of the people belong to the Free Wesleyan Church, which is the official state church, and the king is the head of it. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the next largest. About 40 percent of all Tongans are members of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Many Tongans have emigrated to ''Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, Alaska'', and the mainland of the ''USA.'' | About 30 percent of the people belong to the Free Wesleyan Church, which is the official state church, and the king is the head of it. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the next largest. About 40 percent of all Tongans are members of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Many Tongans have emigrated to ''Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, Alaska'', and the mainland of the ''USA.'' | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
=== Historical background === | === Historical background === | ||
'''500 '''The islands are settled by ''Polynesians''.<br>'''1400 '''A hereditary Tongan monarchy rules over ''Tonga, Samoa, Niue, Fiji'', and others.<br>'''1470 '''The Tui Tonga becomes more of a sacred ruler and creates the Hau office. The Hau rules in governmental affairs, and is called the Ha`atakaluaua Dynasty.<br>'''1616''' Dutch navigators Schouten and Lemaire visit Tonga.<br>'''1773''' | '''500 '''The islands are settled by ''Polynesians''.<br>'''1400 '''A hereditary Tongan monarchy rules over ''Tonga, Samoa, Niue, Fiji'', and others.<br>'''1470 '''The Tui Tonga becomes more of a sacred ruler and creates the Hau office. The Hau rules in governmental affairs, and is called the Ha`atakaluaua Dynasty.<br>'''1616''' Dutch navigators Schouten and Lemaire visit Tonga.<br>'''1773''' British Captain James Cook visits. He names Tonga the Friendly Islands. | ||
'''1774 '''British Captain James Cook's second visit to Tonga. | '''1774 '''British Captain James Cook's second visit to Tonga. | ||
'''1777''' British Captain James Cook's third and last visit to Tonga. | '''1777''' British Captain James Cook's third and last visit to Tonga. Meets Finau 'Ulukalala son of Tuituiohu, the first of the line of the chiefs of Vava'u Meets Tu'i Tonga Bau, Tu'i Ha'atakalaua Maealiuaki and Tu'i Kanokupolu Tu'ihalafatai. | ||
'''1781''' Spanish navigator Maurelle finds Vava'u. | '''1781''' Spanish navigator Maurelle finds Vava'u. Meets Tu'i Tonga Bau. | ||
'''1787''' French Captain La Perouse visits Vava'u and Tongatapu. | '''1787''' French Captain La Perouse visits Vava'u and Tongatapu. | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
'''1791 '''British Captain Edwards visits Tonga searching for the ship "Bounty" | '''1791 '''British Captain Edwards visits Tonga searching for the ship "Bounty" | ||
'''1793''' French Captains D'Entrecasteaux and Labillardiere come to Tonga searching for Captain La Perouse who dissappeared in 1788 after arriving in Australia.<br>'''1797''' | '''1793''' French Captains D'Entrecasteaux and Labillardiere come to Tonga searching for Captain La Perouse who dissappeared in 1788 after arriving in Australia.<br>'''1797''' British Captain Wilson on the ship "Duff" brings London Society missionaries from England.<br>'''1800''' Another dynasty is formed. The high chiefs live on Tongatapu, so it is known as the Land of Chiefs, and the other islands are called the Land of Servants.<br>'''1826''' A Wesleyan Mission is established.<br>'''1831''' Taufa`ahau is converted to Christianity, chooses the name George after the King of England, and wins a struggle against the Tui Tonga. He is known as King George Tupou I. He rules Ha'apai | ||
'''1833''' King George Tupou I gains Vava'u under his rule. | '''1833''' King George Tupou I gains Vava'u under his rule. | ||
'''1839''' The Wesleyans help King George Tupou I write a code of laws.<br>'''1845''' He proclaims himself King George Tupou I. | '''1839''' The Wesleyans help King George Tupou I write a code of laws.<br>'''1845''' He proclaims himself King George Tupou I. <br>'''1852 '''King George Tupou I, after many wars, gains Tongatapu. The Tongan Islands are all united.<br>'''1862''' Serfdom is abolished. Foreigners may lease land. | ||
'''1864''' German Migration to Tonga begins from Pyritz, Pommern, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany | '''1864''' German Migration to Tonga begins from Pyritz, Pommern, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany | ||
'''1867''' Tongan palace built by | '''1867''' Tongan palace built by German firm J. C. Godeffroy & Sohn<br>'''1875''' Tongan constitution is formed. | ||
'''1876''' Tonga and Germany enter into a treaty of friendship | '''1876''' Tonga and Germany enter into a treaty of friendship | ||
| Line 54: | Line 54: | ||
'''1879''' Tonga and Great Britian enter into a treaty of friendship | '''1879''' Tonga and Great Britian enter into a treaty of friendship | ||
'''1880''' | '''1880''' Crown Prince's body, Tevita 'Unga, brought back to Tonga from New Zealand on German navy frigate Nautilus. Mr. Shirley Baker is chosen by King George Tupou I to be Prime Minister. | ||
'''1886''' Tonga and United States of America enter into a treaty of friendship<br> | '''1886''' Tonga and United States of America enter into a treaty of friendship<br> | ||
'''1891''' The first missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints arrive in Tonga. | '''1891''' The first missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints arrive in Tonga. | ||
'''1893''' King George Tupou II reigns | '''1893''' King George Tupou II reigns <br> | ||
'''1895''' Missionaries of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Walker and Jensen, arrive in Vava`u after visiting the King in Tongatapu.<br> | '''1895''' Missionaries of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Walker and Jensen, arrive in Vava`u after visiting the King in Tongatapu.<br> | ||
'''1897''' A written Tongan based on the Latin alphabet is established. The alphabet includes 16 letters, plus a glottal stop, for which an apostrophe is used. All words end with a vowel sound.<br>'''1900''' With agreement between Germany, Britain, and United States, Tonga becomes a | '''1897''' A written Tongan based on the Latin alphabet is established. The alphabet includes 16 letters, plus a glottal stop, for which an apostrophe is used. All words end with a vowel sound.<br>'''1900''' With agreement between Germany, Britain, and United States, Tonga becomes a British protectorate. | ||
'''1914''' World War I [WWI] Tonga declares neutrality | '''1914''' World War I [WWI] Tonga declares neutrality | ||
| Line 73: | Line 73: | ||
'''1970''' Tongan full sovereignty is restored. Membership in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reaches 14,000 in Tonga. | '''1970''' Tongan full sovereignty is restored. Membership in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reaches 14,000 in Tonga. | ||
'''1977''' 100 year ratification of Tonga and Germany treaty of friendship. | '''1977''' 100 year ratification of Tonga and Germany treaty of friendship. New treaty signed.<br>'''1983''' A temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is dedicated at Nuku`alofa. | ||
'''1986''' Tonga and United States treaty of friendship ratified.<br>'''1990''' Dissatisfaction with corruption in high places brings unexpected victories to the Tongan Pro-Democracy party, which represents the interest of the “commoners” who believe the “nobles” are taking unfair advantage of their lifetime positions in parliament. <br>'''2000''' Membership of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints stands at 45,000, divided between 16 stakes and a mission district. | '''1986''' Tonga and United States treaty of friendship ratified.<br>'''1990''' Dissatisfaction with corruption in high places brings unexpected victories to the Tongan Pro-Democracy party, which represents the interest of the “commoners” who believe the “nobles” are taking unfair advantage of their lifetime positions in parliament. <br>'''2000''' Membership of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints stands at 45,000, divided between 16 stakes and a mission district. | ||
| Line 79: | Line 79: | ||
'''2008 '''There are 54,281 members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Tonga. | '''2008 '''There are 54,281 members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Tonga. | ||
Click "Tongan Customs and research ideas" under Step 3 in the table below | Click "Tongan Customs and research ideas" under Step 3 in the table below for more information. | ||
{{Pacific}} | {{Pacific}} | ||
[[Category:Tonga]][[Category:Research Tips and Strategies]] | [[Category:Tonga]][[Category:Research Tips and Strategies]] | ||