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==== Brief Timeline ==== | ==== Brief Timeline ==== | ||
* 1540 Desoto's expedition of the South-East U.S. documented the Alabama and Coushatta. | |||
'''Alabama Tribe''' | |||
* 1541 Alabama Indians were documented in 1541 in NE Mississippi and N.W. Alabama. | |||
** Alabama Villages were in Northern Mississippi. | |||
'''Coushatta Tribes''' | |||
* 1540 the Coushatta tribes lived on Islands and banks along the Tennessee River in Alabama an Tennessee. | |||
* 1600s both tribes migrated to central Alabama, settling near the confus of the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers. the Alabamas eventually forced smaller Creeks into the Mobile Bay area of southern Alabama. Even though they lived near the Creeks, they are not Creeks. | |||
* 1702 the French began to land in Mobile Bay. the French settled amond their friends, the Choctow. Therefore, the Alabamas made the French their enemies because of disputes with the Choctows. | |||
* 1714 peace was established with the French (and by affiliation, the Choctow). This friendship was solidified by the construction of Ft. Toulouse, on the outskirts of Alabama villages. This was near Alabama and Coushatta Villages. | |||
* 1763 the French gave up their lands east of the Mississippi River. So, the Alabama and Coushatta left the area. | |||
** Having forged a half-century of friendship some Alabamas & Coushattas opted to follow the French to Mobile Bay.· Upon Returning to Central Alabama, some found better conditions with other Nations and intermarried. Others participated in the Seminole and Creek Wars, attacking other tribes or foreigners. Still, more decided to join their brethren by island hopping from Alabama to New Orleans, and St. Bernard Parish. | |||
* 1838: Those remaining in Alabama were forced onto the Trail of Tears, ending up in Oklahoma. That remnant became the Alabama-Quassarte tribal town of Oklahoma. They are still the relatives of the Alabama-Coushatta tribe of Texas. But because they have been with the Creek culture in Oklahoma so long, they have assimilated into that culture. | |||
** In Louisiana, the Commandant in New Orleans granted the Alabamas 1280 acres (2 leagues) of land, but they never took possession of it. In Northwest Louisiana, both tribes settled near the Caddo Tribes. They migrated to Caddo and Moeser Parishes. They established a friendship with the Caddo tribes. | |||
'''Coushatta:''' | |||
* By the 1790s, Coushattas migrated across the Sabine River. The Caddos invited the tribes to hunt with them in East Texas. By 1803, the tribes each settled three villages along with building a network of trails from Louisiana and Texas. | |||
* The trails of Coushattas and Alabama followed each other from Fort Toulouse (Central) Alabama to Polk County Texas. The Alabama settled near the Neches River and Coushatta near the Trinity River (Near Livingston Texas). | |||
* Afraid of U.S. expansion, Spanish Mexico invited tribes to live along the Sabine River in Texas. Alabama and Coushatta are documented Trading at Atascocita in Liberty County and Nacogdoches Posts in Nacogdoches Texas. | |||
* Alabama and Coushatta were enlisted to patrol East Texas. | |||
* Goods were exchanged for intel on settlers, tribes and contraband activity from the El Camino Real de los Tejas to the Gulf Coast. | |||
* Coushatta warriors also participated in the Battle of Rosales against the Spanish. The Spanish were surprised because they had no battle plan, so they retreated. The Coushatta Warriors were cited for bravery. | |||
==== Reservations ==== | ==== Reservations ==== | ||