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England Historical Overview (view source)

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'''1066''' William the Conqueror made King of England by defeating King Harold.  
'''1066''' William the Conqueror made King of England by defeating King Harold.  


'''1077''' Provost Alwin Child came from France and set up churches and religious Cluny orders of monks. The Cluny Church in France was the largest church in the world. It was surpassed by St. Peters built in Rome during the 1600's. Alwin Child built the Church of the Savior, the Church of Mary Magdalene and the Palace for William the Conqueror and his son William Ruffus.  Alwin Child lived in the palace with the Kings and over saw its operation for the King until his death in 1082.  Alwin was the Chancellor of Religion for the new Kings of England.  Alwin left his will  in 1082, Bermondsay, (London) Surrey, England.  Alwin's son Alwin Child brought the Cluny monks from France in 1089 before he died in 1094.  Alwin Child's son Roger Infans or Child went on the first crusade to Jerusalem and assisted in its capture from 1096-1098.  Roger Infans returned to England to run the Royal Castle of Rockingham in Northamptonshire. He served as commander of the royal guard and was a baron over more than ten manors. More French were brought into England to be Royal Judges or Provosts over cities. Knights presided over 1-9 manors, and Franklins over a manor. The feudal system was instituted upon the English by the French with the gentry and noblity classes as rulers. The English were made serfs or slaves and confined to the manors in which they live.  A series of judical courts were instituted from the manorial, Provost or city and shire level. Royal or country matters were brought before the Royal Court of Judges.  
'''1077''' Provost Alwin Child came from France and set up churches and religious Cluny orders of monks. The Cluny Church in France was the largest church in the world. It was surpassed by St. Peters built in Rome during the 1600's. Alwin Child built the Church of the Savior, the Church of Mary Magdalene and the Palace for William the Conqueror and his son William Ruffus. Alwin Child lived in the palace with the Kings and over saw its operation for the King until his death in 1082.  Alwin was the Chancellor of Religion for the new Kings of England.  Alwin left his will  in 1082, Bermondsay, (London) Surrey, England.  Alwin's son Alwin Child brought the Cluny monks from France in 1089 before he died in 1094.  Alwin Child's son Roger Infans or Child went on the first crusade to Jerusalem and assisted in its capture from 1096-1098.  Roger Infans returned to England to run the Royal Castle of Rockingham in Northamptonshire. He served as commander of the royal guard and was a baron over more than ten manors. More French were brought into England to be Royal Judges or Provosts over cities. Knights presided over 1-9 manors, and Franklins over a manor. The feudal system was instituted upon the English by the French with the gentry and noblity classes as rulers. The English were made serfs or slaves and confined to the manors in which they live. A series of judical courts were instituted from the manorial, Provost or city and shire level. Royal or country matters were brought before the Royal Court of Judges.  


'''1100''' King William Ruffus was murdered leaving no heir to the throne.  Henry Plantagent was brought from France to be the next King with Eleanor as his wife.  The Knights Templar returned from Jerusalem to England and built castles and churches.  They were good businessmen and established businesses in England.  
'''1100''' King William Ruffus was murdered leaving no heir to the throne.  Henry Plantagent was brought from France to be the next King with Eleanor as his wife.  The Knights Templar returned from Jerusalem to England and built castles and churches. They were good businessmen and established businesses in England.  


'''1216 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta King John and the Magna Carta]''' King John replaced Henry and ruled by absolute monarchy. King John retained all the land and power unto himself.  The barons, viscounts, and earls who officated over the shires rebelled against King John. The Lords of the shires all met and wrote up the Magna Carta. By signing the Magna Carta in 1216, King John was force to give up land and power to the Lords of the shires. The Magna Carta gave representation into parilament from each shire.  
'''1216 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta King John and the Magna Carta]''' King John replaced Henry and ruled by absolute monarchy. King John retained all the land and power unto himself.  The barons, viscounts, and earls who officated over the shires rebelled against King John. The Lords of the shires all met and wrote up the Magna Carta. By signing the Magna Carta in 1216, King John was force to give up land and power to the Lords of the shires. The Magna Carta gave representation into parilament from each shire.  
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'''Parliament''' The Lords of the shires established parilament as the House of the Lords. The House of Commons was established giving the gentry class two representatives from each shire. These representatives were usually knights or esquires. Parliament would meet every twenty years or as needed with their elected counterparts. The Parliament building was eventually built from Coteswold stone in Westminister.  
'''Parliament''' The Lords of the shires established parilament as the House of the Lords. The House of Commons was established giving the gentry class two representatives from each shire. These representatives were usually knights or esquires. Parliament would meet every twenty years or as needed with their elected counterparts. The Parliament building was eventually built from Coteswold stone in Westminister.  


'''1300 Wars.''' The English invaded Ireland and subjugated the country placing it under the English control.  The English also invaded Wales and tricked their leader to give himself up' but killed him instead.  After fighting for many years into the 1400's England conquerored Wales.  On orders from the Pope, the English killed all the Knights templars on their soil and then made war with Scotland to destroy all the Knights Templars.  The Scots fought fiercly and defeated the English in the Battle of Bannockburn.   The Scots established their own kings and remained a seperate country from England until 1603. 
'''1300 Wars.''' The English invaded Ireland and subjugated the country placing it under the English control.  The English also invaded Wales and tricked their leader to give himself up' but killed him instead. After fighting for many years into the 1400's England conquerored Wales.  On orders from the Pope, the English killed all the Knights templars on their soil and then made war with Scotland to destroy all the Knights Templars. The Scots fought fiercly and defeated the English in the Battle of Bannockburn. The Scots established their own kings and remained a seperate country from England until 1603.  


'''1400's.''' Parliament established classes of Gentry and Lords depending on how much land a person own.&nbsp; Knights who wer<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1237388635125_401" />e not actively serving, became esquires.  
'''1400's.''' Parliament established classes of Gentry and Lords depending on how much land a person own.&nbsp; Knights who wer<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1237388635125_401" />e not actively serving, became esquires.  


'''English wars.''' The 100 years war with France was fought with battles won by both sides.&nbsp; The War of the Roses was fought from 1458-1487 between the Duke of Lancaster and the Duke of York.&nbsp; The Duke of Lancaster won the war by killing the Duke of York.&nbsp;
'''English wars.''' The 100 years war with France was fought with battles won by both sides.&nbsp; The War of the Roses was fought from 1458-1487 between the Duke of Lancaster and the Duke of York. The Duke of Lancaster won the war by killing the Duke of York.  


'''1484''' Parliament declared all men to be freeman! The serfs and common people of England were now free to own land, to come and go, leave at will, but still had to pay taxes and obey the laws of the land.&nbsp; Prior to this time the records were in Latin.&nbsp; English was established as the spoken and written language.&nbsp; Rules of writing and speaking followed as English evolved. The Catholic Church retained their services in Latin.  
'''1484''' Parliament declared all men to be freeman! The serfs and common people of England were now free to own land, to come and go, leave at will, but still had to pay taxes and obey the laws of the land.&nbsp; Prior to this time the records were in Latin.&nbsp; English was established as the spoken and written language.&nbsp; Rules of writing and speaking followed as English evolved. The Catholic Church retained their services in Latin.  
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'''1752:''' England adopted the new Gregorian calendar. The first day of the year started on 1 January instead of March 25th.  
'''1752:''' England adopted the new Gregorian calendar. The first day of the year started on 1 January instead of March 25th.  


'''1756–1765<nowiki>''' The first English navigation canals appeared. The Industrial Revolution began and cities grew with the invention of the steam engine and the spinning jenny. </nowiki>French and Indian Wars in Canada and the Colonies.'''
'''1756–1765<nowiki>''' The first English navigation canals appeared. The Industrial Revolution began and cities grew with the invention of the steam engine and the spinning jenny. </nowiki>French and Indian Wars in Canada and the Colonies.  


'''1775-1783 American Revolutionary War'''. The American Colonies fought the English for eight years where they defeated the English on American soil. The Colonists won their independence from England in 1783 and formed their own country with a Republic and a constitutional form of government. They became the United States of America, the land of the free.  
'''1775-1783 American Revolutionary War'''. The American Colonies fought the English for eight years where they defeated the English on American soil. The Colonists won their independence from England in 1783 and formed their own country with a Republic and a constitutional form of government. They became the United States of America, the land of the free.  
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'''1812''' War with the United States in which the United States were victorious.  
'''1812''' War with the United States in which the United States were victorious.  


'''1830<nowiki>:''' First railways appeared in England.</nowiki>'''
'''1830<nowiki>:''' First railways appeared in England.</nowiki>  


'''1834:''' Poor law unions took poor relief responsibilities away from parishes. Workhouses established.  
'''1834:''' Poor law unions took poor relief responsibilities away from parishes. Workhouses established.  
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'''1837:''' Civil registration began on 1 July. Queen Victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901.  
'''1837:''' Civil registration began on 1 July. Queen Victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901.  


'''1841<nowiki>''' The first genealogically useful census taken.</nowiki>'''
'''1841<nowiki>''' The first genealogically useful census taken.</nowiki>


'''1858:''' Principal Probate Registry began handling all English probates.  
'''1858:''' Principal Probate Registry began handling all English probates.  
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