Suriname Languages: Difference between revisions

Suriname Languages (view source)

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+==Description==
+[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language '''Dutch'''] - the only official language in Suriname. Known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamese_Dutch '''Surinamese Dutch''']<br>
+Used in education, government, business, and the media.<br>
+Over 60% are native Dutch speakers and 20-30% speak Dutch as a second language. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Suriname," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriname#:~:text=sole%20official%20language, accessed 8 May 2023.</ref>
+Other languages spoken in Suriname include:
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sranan_Tongo '''Sranan Tongo'''] - a local English-based creole language. Widely used in daily life.
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_Hindustani#Sarnami_Hindustani '''Sarnami Hindustani'''] - also known as '''Sarnami''' or '''Sarnami Hindoestani''' - 3rd most used language
+The Maroon languages of Suriname are:
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saramaccan_language '''Saramaccan''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndyuka_language '''Ndyuka'''] - also known as '''Aukan'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluku '''Aluku''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramaccan_people '''Paramaccan''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saramaccan_language#Matawai '''Matawai''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwinti_language '''Kwinti''']
+The Amerindian languages of Suriname are:
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akurio_language '''Akurio'''] - also known as '''Akuriyó'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arawak_language '''Arawak'''] - also known as '''Lokono''' or '''Lokono Dian''' or '''Arawak-Lokono'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carib_language '''Carib'''] - also known as '''Kari'nja''' or '''Carib-Kari'nja'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikiana_language '''Sikiana'''] - also known as '''Kashuyana''' or '''Sikiana-Kashuyana'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiriy%C3%B3_language '''Tiriyó'''] - also known as '''Tiro-Tiriyó'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waiwai_language '''Waiwai''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warao_language '''Warao'''] - also known as '''Guarauno''', '''Guarao''', and '''Warrau'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayana_language '''Wayana''']
+Languages spoken near the borders of Suriname by migrants from neighboring countries are:
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyanese_Creole '''Guyanese English Creole'''] - also known as '''Creolese''' or '''Gayiniiz'''
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language '''Portuguese''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language '''Spanish''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language '''French''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Guianese_Creole '''French Guianese Creole''']
+* '''English'''
+Other languages spoken in Suriname by indentured laborers include:
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javanese_language '''Javanese''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_Chinese '''Hakka''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese '''Cantonese''']
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese '''Mandarin''']
+==Word List(s)==
+==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
+'''Alphabet'''
+'''Pronunciation'''
+==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
+'''Dictionaries'''
+'''Online Dictionaries'''
+'''Language Aids'''
+==Additional Resources==
+== References  ==
+{{reflist}}
 For word list and help researching in Suriname records, see:
 *[[Dutch Genealogical Word List]]
-==Description==
+==Introduction==
 An exceptional variety of languages is spoken in Suriname. Dutch is the official language. It is used mainly in education, government, business and the media. Suriname became the third member of the Dutch Language Union in 2004. Dutch is spoken as a mother tongue by about 60% of the Surinamers, while most others speak it as a second or third language. In the capital Paramaribo it is the main home language in two thirds of the households. Only in the interior of Suriname is Dutch hardly known.
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 The public discourse about Suriname's languages is a part of ongoing debates about the country's national identity. While Dutch is perceived as a remnant of colonialism by some, the use of the popular Sranan became associated with nationalist politics after its public use by former dictator Dési Bouterse in the 1980s, and groups descended from runaway slaves like the Maroons resent it. Some propose to change the national language to English, so as to improve links to the Caribbean and North America, or to Spanish, as a nod to Suriname's geography.
-==Word Lists==
+==Other Resources==
-==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
-==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
 *[http://www.lexilogos.com/english/hindi_dictionary.htm Online Hindi language resources]
 *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/hindi.htm Hindi Script]
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 *[http://mylanguages.org/learn_hindi.php Hindi basics and grammar]
 *[http://aboutworldlanguages.com/hindi Hindi language overview]
-==Additional Resources==
 [[Category:Suriname]]