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*The history of the Jews in Bolivia stretches from the colonial period to the end of the 19th century. In the 19th century, Jewish merchants (both Sephardim and Ashkenazim) came to Bolivia, most of them taking local women as wives and founding families that merged into the mainstream Catholic society. This was often the case in the eastern regions of Santa Cruz, Tarija, Beni and Pando, where these merchants came either from Brazil or Argentina. | *The history of the Jews in Bolivia stretches from the colonial period to the end of the 19th century. In the 19th century, Jewish merchants (both Sephardim and Ashkenazim) came to Bolivia, most of them taking local women as wives and founding families that merged into the mainstream Catholic society. This was often the case in the eastern regions of Santa Cruz, Tarija, Beni and Pando, where these merchants came either from Brazil or Argentina. | ||
*In the colonial period, '''marranos from Spain''' settled in the country. Some worked in the silver mines in Potosi and others were among the pioneers that helped found Santa Cruz de la Sierra in 1557. (Marranos were Spanish and Portuguese Jews living in the Iberian Peninsula who converted or were forced to *convert to Christianity during the Middle Ages, yet continued to practice Judaism in secrecy.) | *In the colonial period, '''marranos from Spain''' settled in the country. Some worked in the silver mines in Potosi and others were among the pioneers that helped found Santa Cruz de la Sierra in 1557. (Marranos were Spanish and Portuguese Jews living in the Iberian Peninsula who converted or were forced to *convert to Christianity during the Middle Ages, yet continued to practice Judaism in secrecy.) | ||
During the 20th century, substantial Jewish settlement began in Bolivia. In 1905, a group of '''Russian Jews, followed by Argentine Jews and later a few Sephardi families from | During the 20th century, substantial Jewish settlement began in Bolivia. In 1905, a group of '''Russian Jews, followed by Argentine Jews and later a few Sephardi families from Türkiye and the near east''', settled in Bolivia. | ||
*In 1917, it was estimated that there were only 20 to 25 professing Jews living in the country. By 1933, when the Nazi era in Germany started, there were 30 Jewish families. The first large influx of Jewish immigrants was in the 1930s and there were 7,000 of them estimated at the end of 1942. | *In 1917, it was estimated that there were only 20 to 25 professing Jews living in the country. By 1933, when the Nazi era in Germany started, there were 30 Jewish families. The first large influx of Jewish immigrants was in the 1930s and there were 7,000 of them estimated at the end of 1942. | ||
*After World War II, a small number of '''Polish Jews''' came to Bolivia.<ref name="jews">"History of the jews in Bolivia", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Bolivia, accessed 17 May 2021.</ref> | *After World War II, a small number of '''Polish Jews''' came to Bolivia.<ref name="jews">"History of the jews in Bolivia", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Bolivia, accessed 17 May 2021.</ref> | ||
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