Republic of the Congo Languages: Difference between revisions
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Tense_inflections Tense inflections at Wikipedia] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Tense_inflections Tense inflections at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lingala_dictionary.htm Lingala dictionary at Lexilogos] | *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lingala_dictionary.htm Lingala dictionary at Lexilogos] | ||
*Guthrie, Malcolm and J F Carrington. | * Guthrie, Malcolm, and J F Carrington. ''Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English.'' London: Baptist Missionary Society, 1988. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/906621507 WorldCat]. | ||
*Mawadza, Aquilina and Yeno Matuka. | * Mawadza, Aquilina, and Yeno Matuka. ''Lingala dictionary & phrasebook : a language of Central Africa.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc, 2016. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/953738585 WorldCat]. | ||
==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
Revision as of 11:51, 1 December 2022
| Republic of the Congo Wiki Topics | |
 | |
| Beginning Research | |
| Record Types | |
| Republic of the Congo Background | |
| Local Research Resources | |
Description[edit | edit source]
The Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa. It should not be confused with the large neighboring country of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [1] The official language is French with Kituba and Lingala as national languages.
- French - Spoken by 30% of the Congolese population
- Kituba or Munukutuba - A simplified Kikongo creole is used by 50.35% of the population who live in the south
- Lingala - The river language that is spoken mainly in the north and east and has grown quickly in the past few years [2]
Word List(s)[edit | edit source]
French
- French Genealogical Word List
- Most Common French Words at 1000MostCommonWords
- Useful French phrases at Omniglot
Kituba or Munukutuba
Lingala
Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]
French
Kituba or Munukutuba
- Kituba Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot
- Kituba Vowels at Wikipedia
- Kituba Consonants at Wikipedia
Lingala
- Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot
- Lingala Phonology at Wikipedia
- Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia
The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, mza will be expected to be ordered before mba, because the digraph mb follows the letter m. The letters r and h are rare but present in borrowed words. The accents indicate the tones as follows:
- no accent for default tone, the low tone
- acute accent for the high tone
- circumflex for descending tone
- caron for ascending tone
| Variants | Example | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| a | A | á â ǎ | nyama, matáta, sâmbóle, libwǎ |
| b | B | bísó | |
| c | C | ciluba | |
| d | D | madɛ́su | |
| e | E | é ê ě | komeka, mésa, kobênga |
| ɛ | Ɛ | ɛ́ ɛ̂ ɛ̌ | lɛlɔ́, lɛ́ki, tɛ̂ |
| f | F | lifúta | |
| g | G | kogánga | |
| gb | Gb | gbagba | |
| h | H | bohlu (bohrium) | |
| i | I | í î ǐ | wápi, zíko, tî, esǐ |
| k | K | kokoma | |
| l | L | kolála | |
| m | M | kokóma | |
| mb | Mb | kolámba, mbwá, mbɛlí | |
| mp | Mp | límpa | |
| n | N | líno | |
| nd | Nd | ndeko | |
| ng | Ng | ndéngé | |
| nk | Nk | nkámá | |
| ns | Ns | nsɔ́mi | |
| nt | Nt | ntaba | |
| ny | Ny | nyama | |
| nz | Nz | nzala | |
| o | o | ó ô ǒ | moto, sóngóló, sékô |
| ɔ | Ɔ | ɔ́ ɔ̂ ɔ̌ | sɔsɔ, yɔ́, sɔ̂lɔ, tɔ̌ |
| p | P | pɛnɛpɛnɛ | |
| r | R | malaríya | |
| s | S | kopésa | |
| t | T | tatá | |
| u | U | ú | butú, koúma |
| v | V | kovánda | |
| w | W | káwa | |
| y | Y | koyéba | |
| z | Z | kozala |
Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]
French
- French Handwriting
- French Letter Writing Guide
- France Languages
- French to English Dictionary at Cambridge
- French Dictionary at Lexilogos
Kituba or Munukutuba
- Kituba Pronouns at Wikipedia
- Kituba Nouns at Wikipedia
- Kituba Verbs at Wikipedia
- Dictionary English - Kituba at Glosbe
Lingala
- Characteristics and usage at Wikipedia
- Lingala Noun class system at Wikipedia
- Verbal extensions at Wikipedia
- Tense inflections at Wikipedia
- Lingala dictionary at Lexilogos
- Guthrie, Malcolm, and J F Carrington. Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English. London: Baptist Missionary Society, 1988. Available at: WorldCat.
- Mawadza, Aquilina, and Yeno Matuka. Lingala dictionary & phrasebook : a language of Central Africa. New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc, 2016. Available at: WorldCat.
Additional Resources[edit | edit source]
- Kituba (Lingua Franca Kikongo). University of Hawai'i Press. Available at JSTOR
- Baongoli, Arizona M. Learn to speak Lingala. Eldoret, Kenya : A.M. Baongoli, ©2009. Available at WorldCat
- Redden, James E; F Bongo; Foreign Service Institute (U.S.). Lingala : basic course. Washington : Dept. of State, 1963. Available at WorldCat
- Swift, Lloyd B; Emil W A Zola; Foreign Service Institute (U.S.). Kituba, basic course. Washington : Foreign Service Institute [For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.], 1963. Available at WorldCat
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Republic of the Congo," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo, accessed 8 April 2021.
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of the Republic of the Congo," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo, accessed 8 April 2021.