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==Word List(s)== | ==Word List(s)== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[[French Genealogical Word List]] | *[[French Genealogical Word List|French Genealogical Word List]] | ||
*[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words] | *[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words at 1000MostCommonWords] | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases] | *[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases at Omniglot] | ||
'''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | '''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | ||
*[http://www.kupsala.net/risto/kongo/kituba-english.html Kituba-English Word List] | *[http://www.kupsala.net/risto/kongo/kituba-english.html Kituba-English Word List at Kupsala] | ||
'''Lingala''' | '''Lingala''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/lingala.htm#phrases Useful phrases in Lingala] | *[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/lingala.htm#phrases Useful phrases in Lingala at Omniglot] | ||
*[https://www.101languages.net/lingala/lingala-word-list/ Lingala Word List] | *[https://www.101languages.net/lingala/lingala-word-list/ Lingala Word List at 101Languages] | ||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot] | ||
'''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | '''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/kituba.htm Kituba Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://omniglot.com/writing/kituba.htm Kituba Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Vowels Kituba Vowels] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Vowels Kituba Vowels at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Consonants Kituba Consonants] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Consonants Kituba Consonants at Wikipedia] | ||
'''Lingala''' | '''Lingala''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/lingala.htm Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://omniglot.com/writing/lingala.htm Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Phonology Lingala Phonology] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Phonology Lingala Phonology at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Alphabet Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Alphabet Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia] | ||
The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, ''mza'' will be expected to be ordered before ''mba'', because the digraph ''mb'' follows the letter ''m''. The letters ''r'' and ''h'' are rare but present in borrowed words. | The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, ''mza'' will be expected to be ordered before ''mba'', because the digraph ''mb'' follows the letter ''m''. The letters ''r'' and ''h'' are rare but present in borrowed words. | ||
The accents indicate the tones as follows: | The accents indicate the tones as follows: | ||
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==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[[French Handwriting]] | *[[French Handwriting|French Handwriting]] | ||
*[[French Letter Writing Guide]] | *[[French Letter Writing Guide|French Letter Writing Guide]] | ||
*[[France Languages| | *[[France Languages|France Languages]] | ||
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary] | *[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary at Cambridge] | ||
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary] | *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary at Lexilogos] | ||
'''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | '''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Pronouns Kituba Pronouns] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Pronouns Kituba Pronouns at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Nouns Kituba Nouns] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Nouns Kituba Nouns at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Verbs Kituba Verbs] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Verbs Kituba Verbs at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/ktu Dictionary English - Kituba] | *[https://glosbe.com/en/ktu Dictionary English - Kituba at Glosbe] | ||
'''Lingala''' | '''Lingala''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Characteristics_and_usage Characteristics and usage] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Characteristics_and_usage Characteristics and usage at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Noun_class_system Lingala Noun class system] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Noun_class_system Lingala Noun class system at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Verbal_extensions Verbal extensions] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Verbal_extensions Verbal extensions at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Tense_inflections Tense inflections] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Tense_inflections Tense inflections at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lingala_dictionary.htm Lingala dictionary] | *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lingala_dictionary.htm Lingala dictionary at Lexilogos] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-dictionary-phrasebook-a-language-of-central-africa/oclc/953738585&referer=brief_results Lingala dictionary & phrasebook] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-dictionary-phrasebook-a-language-of-central-africa/oclc/953738585&referer=brief_results Lingala dictionary & phrasebook] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-grammar-and-dictionary-english-lingala-lingala-english/oclc/906621507&referer=brief_results Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-grammar-and-dictionary-english-lingala-lingala-english/oclc/906621507&referer=brief_results Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English] | ||
==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20006662?seq=1 Kituba (Lingua Franca Kikongo)] | *[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20006662?seq=1 Kituba (Lingua Franca Kikongo) at JSTOR] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/kituba-basic-course/oclc/78807472&referer=brief_results Kituba, basic course] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/kituba-basic-course/oclc/78807472&referer=brief_results Kituba, basic course] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-basic-course/oclc/3100336&referer=brief_results Lingala : basic course] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-basic-course/oclc/3100336&referer=brief_results Lingala : basic course] | ||