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Ukraine Jewish Records: Difference between revisions
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==Online Resources== | ==Online Resources== | ||
*'''1939-1945''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61708/ Stanislav, Ukraine (Poland), List of Residents by Street, 1939-1945 (USHMM)] at Ancestry - index and images ($) | *'''1939-1945''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61708/ Stanislav, Ukraine (Poland), List of Residents by Street, 1939-1945 (USHMM)] at Ancestry - index and images ($) | ||
*'''1939-1945''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61738/ Ukraine, Applications for ID for the Citizens of Stanislav, 1939-1945 (USHMM)] at Ancestry - index ($) | |||
==Historical Background== | ==Historical Background== | ||
The history of the Jews in Ukraine goes back over a thousand years. In the westernmost area of Ukraine, Jews were mentioned for the first time in 1030. Jews worked as artisans and merchants while a smaller number were farmers. By the 1760s, the Jewish population in Ukraine had reached about 300,000. Most were clustered in communities near the Dnieper River, and in Volhynia, Podolia, Braslav, Rus Czerwona, and Kiev guberni. Because of the economic success of the Jews, many Ukrainian peasants resented them. Tensions between Jews and the Ukrainian populations continued throughout the centuries. In 1881, Alexander II was assassinated and rumors circulated that Jews were behind it. A wave of large-scale anti-Jewish violence, called pogroms, swept through the southern Russian Empire, including Ukraine throughout the mid to late 1800s. During the 1917 Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War, an estimated 31,071 Jews were killed during between 1918 and 1920. During the establishment of the Ukrainian People's Republic (1917-21), pogroms continued to be perpetrated on Ukrainian territory. In Ukraine, the number of civilian Jews killed during the period was between thirty-five and fifty thousands. Massive pogroms continued until 1921. In September 1939, the first Jews living in the western regions under Nazi control were forced into ghettos, and later sent to death camps, which continued throughout the remainder of the war. After WWII, many surviving Jews left Ukraine for the United States or Israel. After the fall of the Soviet Union, roughly three-quarters of the remaining Jewish population left Ukraine. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Jews in Ukraine", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Ukraine, accessed 1 Dec 2020.</ref> | The history of the Jews in Ukraine goes back over a thousand years. In the westernmost area of Ukraine, Jews were mentioned for the first time in 1030. Jews worked as artisans and merchants while a smaller number were farmers. By the 1760s, the Jewish population in Ukraine had reached about 300,000. Most were clustered in communities near the Dnieper River, and in Volhynia, Podolia, Braslav, Rus Czerwona, and Kiev guberni. Because of the economic success of the Jews, many Ukrainian peasants resented them. Tensions between Jews and the Ukrainian populations continued throughout the centuries. In 1881, Alexander II was assassinated and rumors circulated that Jews were behind it. A wave of large-scale anti-Jewish violence, called pogroms, swept through the southern Russian Empire, including Ukraine throughout the mid to late 1800s. During the 1917 Russian Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War, an estimated 31,071 Jews were killed during between 1918 and 1920. During the establishment of the Ukrainian People's Republic (1917-21), pogroms continued to be perpetrated on Ukrainian territory. In Ukraine, the number of civilian Jews killed during the period was between thirty-five and fifty thousands. Massive pogroms continued until 1921. In September 1939, the first Jews living in the western regions under Nazi control were forced into ghettos, and later sent to death camps, which continued throughout the remainder of the war. After WWII, many surviving Jews left Ukraine for the United States or Israel. After the fall of the Soviet Union, roughly three-quarters of the remaining Jewish population left Ukraine. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Jews in Ukraine", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Ukraine, accessed 1 Dec 2020.</ref> | ||