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==Immigration into Nepal== | ==Immigration into Nepal== | ||
*By the 18th century, the Gorkha Kingdom achieved the unification of Nepal. The Shah dynasty established the Kingdom of Nepal and later formed an alliance with the British Empire, under its Rana dynasty of premiers. The country was never colonized but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and British India. | *By the 18th century, the Gorkha Kingdom achieved the unification of Nepal. The Shah dynasty established the Kingdom of Nepal and later formed an alliance with the British Empire, under its Rana dynasty of premiers. The country was never colonized but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and British India. | ||
*Nepal has a long tradition of '''accepting immigrants and refugees'''. | |||
*In modern times, '''Tibetans and Bhutanese have constituted a majority of refugees in Nepal'''. | |||
*'''Tibetan''' refugees began arriving in 1959, and many more cross into Nepal every year. | |||
*The '''Bhutanese Lhotsampa refugees''' began arriving in the 1980s and numbered more than 110,000 by the 2000s. Most of them have been resettled in third countries. | |||
*In late 2018, Nepal had a total of 20,800 confirmed refugees, 64% of them Tibetan and 31% Bhutanese. Economic immigrants, and refugees fleeing persecution or war, from neighboring countries, Africa and the Middle East, are termed '''"urban refugees"''' because they live in apartments in the cities instead of refugee camps, lack official recognition; the government facilitates their '''resettlement in third countries'''. | |||
*Around 2,000 immigrants, half of them '''Chinese''', applied for a work permit in 2018/19. | |||
*The government lacks data on '''Indian immigrants''' as they do not require permits to live and work in Nepal; the Government of India puts the number of '''Non-Resident Indians''' in the country at 600,000.<ref>"Nepal," in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#Immigrants_and_refugees, accessed 31 July 2021.</ref> | |||
*According to the 2001 census, there were 116,571 foreign born citizens in Nepal; 90% of them were of '''Indian origin followed by Bhutan, Pakistan and China.'''This number does not include the refugees from Bhutan and Tibet.<ref>"Demographics of Nepal", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Nepal#Ethnic_and_regional_equity, accessed 31 July 2021.</ref> | *According to the 2001 census, there were 116,571 foreign born citizens in Nepal; 90% of them were of '''Indian origin followed by Bhutan, Pakistan and China.'''This number does not include the refugees from Bhutan and Tibet.<ref>"Demographics of Nepal", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Nepal#Ethnic_and_regional_equity, accessed 31 July 2021.</ref> | ||