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== Emigration from France == | == Emigration from France == | ||
Significant numbers of emigrants left France during the following periods: | Significant numbers of emigrants left France during the following periods: | ||
*'''1538 to 1685''' | *'''1538 to 1685''' Protestants '''(Huguenots)''' flee religious persecutions in France. | ||
*'''1600s to 1700s''' French colonization, especially in the '''Americas''', was prominent in the late 17th and 18th centuries. | *'''1600s to 1700s''' French colonization, especially in the '''Americas''', was prominent in the late 17th and 18th centuries. | ||
*'''1632 to 1713''' | *'''1632 to 1713''' French settle '''Quebec and Acadia (Canada)'''. | ||
*'''1722''' | *'''1722''' Alsatian colonies established in the Holy Roman Empire '''(Austria-Hungary)'''. | ||
*'''1764 to 1786''' | *'''1764 to 1786''' Alsatians colonize '''Russia, Ukraine, and Banat'''. | ||
*'''1785: ''' Some exiled Acadians shipped from France to '''Louisiana'''. | *'''1785: ''' Some exiled Acadians shipped from France to '''Louisiana'''. | ||
*'''1789 to 1791''' | *'''1789 to 1791''' About 500,000 refugees flee the '''French Revolution''' for neighboring nations and the Americas. About half later returned. | ||
*'''1804 to 1832''' | *'''1804 to 1832''' Additional Alsatians emigrate to '''Ukraine, Bessarabia, and Banat'''. | ||
*'''1815 to 1817''' | *'''1815 to 1817''' '''Political turmoil after the fall of Napoleon''' leads to a wave of French emigration to neighboring countries and the Americas. | ||
*'''1821-1920''' Around 121,000 '''Basques and Bearnese people from Basses-Pyrénées''' emigrated to America—more than 108,000 from 1835 to 1901. | *'''1821-1920''' Around 121,000 '''Basques and Bearnese people from Basses-Pyrénées''' emigrated to America—more than 108,000 from 1835 to 1901. | ||
*'''1830 to 1962''' | *'''1830 to 1962''' French colonize '''Algeria (Africa)'''. | ||
*'''1830s, 1840s, 1850s, and 1860s''' | *'''1830s, 1840s, 1850s, and 1860s''' Agents go from town to town recruiting emigrants, mostly in '''Alsace-Lorraine'''. Some went to America, others to Russia. | ||
*'''1871''' | *'''1871''' There is a wave of French emigrants, largely to '''North America'''. | ||
In the Western Hemisphere, the main communities of French ancestry are found in the '''United States, Canada and Argentina'''. Sizeable groups are also found in '''Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay and Australia'''. | Several events have led to emigration from France. The '''Huguenots''' started leaving in the 16th century, a trend that dramatically increased following the 1685 revocation of the Edict of Nantes. French colonization, especially in the Americas, was prominent in the late 17th and 18th centuries. At the end of the 18th century, French emigration (1789–1815) was a massive movement of émigrés '''mostly to neighboring European countries''', as a result of the violence caused by the French Revolution. Later emigration was often associated with economic conditions. From 1847 to 1857, almost 200,000 French people emigrated abroad. From 1821 to 1920, around 121,000 '''Basques and Bearnese people from Basses-Pyrénées''' emigrated to America—more than 108,000 from 1835 to 1901. Between 1848 and 1939, 1 million people with French passports emigrated to other countries. In the Western Hemisphere, the main communities of French ancestry are found in the '''United States, Canada and Argentina'''. Sizeable groups are also found in '''Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay and Australia.'''<ref name="diaspora">"French diaspora", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_diaspora, accessed 9 July 2021.</ref> | ||
=== French Colonial Records=== | === French Colonial Records=== | ||