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'''Vowels''' | |||
Vowel length is phonemic in Samoan; all five vowels also have a long form denoted by the [[Macron (diacritic)|macron]]. | Vowel length is phonemic in Samoan; all five vowels also have a long form denoted by the [[Macron (diacritic)|macron]]. For example, ''tama'' means child or boy, while ''tamā'' means father. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ '''Consonants''' | |||
! | |||
!Labial | |||
!Alveolar | |||
!Velar | |||
!Glottal | |||
|- align=center | |||
!Nasal | |||
| m | |||
| n | |||
| ŋ | |||
| | |||
|- align=center | |||
!Plosive | |||
| p | |||
| t | |||
| (k) | |||
| ʔ | |||
|- align=center | |||
!Fricative | |||
| f v | |||
| s | |||
| | |||
| (h) | |||
|- align=center | |||
!Lateral | |||
| | |||
| l | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- align=center | |||
!Rhotic | |||
| | |||
| (r) | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
The consonants in parentheses are only present in loanwords and formal Samoan.<br> | |||
In formal Samoan, used for example in news broadcasts or sermons, the consonants /t n ŋ/ are used. In colloquial Samoan, however, /n ŋ/ merge as [ŋ] and /t/ is pronounced [k]. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Samoan language," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoan_language#:~:text=In%20formal%20Samoan%2C%20used%20for%20example%20in%20news%20broadcasts%20or%20sermons, accessed 14 Jun 2021.</ref> | |||
==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ||