Wales Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions

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*[http://immigrants.byu.edu/search/simple Immigrant Ancestors Project]

*'''1790-1950''' [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/278293?availability=Family%20History%20Library British immigrants in industrial America, 1790-1950] at FamilySearch Catalog; index & images

*'''1865''' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimosa_(ship)#1865_settlers List of Settlers who sailed on the Mimosa in 1865]

Emigration and immigration records are records of people leaving (emigrating) or coming into (immigrating) Wales. Records include passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, records of passports issued, lists of transported prisoners, or registers of assistance to emigrate. These records may contain the name, age, occupation, destination, place of origin or birthplace, the ship, and date of arrival. Names of fellow passengers may help construct family groups or provide hints on place of origin or destination.  

Movements within the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales) and also the Isle of Man and Channel Islands, to the colonies required no documents. Records were not required for free emigrants to the United States until 1776; Canada before 1865; or Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa until the twentieth century.

Once you have traced your family back to a Welsh emigrant, you must determine the parish he or she was from. There are several sources in the destination country that may reveal where your ancestor came from. You may learn your ancestor’s place of origin by talking to older family members. Other relatives or a library may have documents naming the place, parish, city, or county, such as:  

*Family heirlooms.

For further information about finding the origins of immigrant ancestors, see [[Tracing Immigrant Origins]].  

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There was no systematic, official method of emigrating from Wales. The following types of emigrants account for most persons who left Wales:  

*'''Assisted emigrants.''' From 1815 to 1900, qualified emigrants received passage money or land grants in the destination country as an alternative to receiving poor relief. After 1840 New Zealand and Australia offered money or land grants to skilled workers to encourage immigration.

*'''Latter-day Saints.''' About 1840, thousands of Welsh members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints emigrated to the United States. Most settled in Utah. The website [http://http://welshmormonhistory.org/ Welsh Mormon History] has great details, pictures and journals on thousands of Welsh emigrants.

Usually, you will find the best information about your immigrant ancestor in the country he or she immigrated to. You may find the immigrant’s name, place of origin, occupation, and age. Knowing an approximate date and port of arrival or ship name will probably help you search immigration records.  

;[COUNTRY or STATE], [COUNTY], [CITY] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION

Most Welsh immigrants to the United States arrived at New York. Immigrant lists are the main source of information on those arriving in the United States. More than 1,000 lists are indexed in an ongoing series by:  

;[STATE], [COUNTY] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION

Many British subjects went to East India for trade or to settle. Until 1834, no British subject could go to India without permission from the East India Company. The Family History Library has some records from the India Office Library. Original records are deposited at the British Library, Oriental and India Office Collection (see [[Wales Military Records|Wales Military Records]].  

From 1815 to 1850 Canada was the one of the primary destinations of Welsh emigrants. Before 1900, most immigrants arrived in Quebec City or Halifax. Passenger lists into Canada are rare before 1865. Microfilm copies of lists from 1865 to 1900 are at the Family History Library. See [[Canada Emigration and Immigration|Canada Emigration and Immigration]] for further information.  

Welsh Patagonians and Canada. The article consists of a list of Welsh Patagonians who went to Quebec via Liverpool.  The list gives name, age, occupation, nationality, birth place and destination.  This is a passenger list of the Allen Line Steamer 'Numidian' 12 June 1902, illustrated with a photo taken at Liverpool and one of the ship.  Article covers from year 1865-1902, to be found in Hel Achau Magazine, The Journal of the Clwyd Family History Society 942.93 D25h vol. no 103, December 2009, pages 12-17.  

Australia was founded as a British penal colony in 1788. A few Welshmen were transported as prisoners, while some settled voluntarily in Australia. Most went in the late nineteenth century. They settled mainly in the mining districts, but some settled in agricultural areas.  

;AUSTRALIA, [STATE] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION

The British took South Africa from the Dutch in 1795. Few Welsh settled in South Africa until a group of 3,675 British subjects settled in Eastern Cape Province in 1820. These settlers are well-documented. A memorial museum that has genealogies of their descendants is located at:  

;SOUTH AFRICA, [PROVINCE] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION

The British began colonizing New Zealand in 1840. Immigration records usually give settlement details and the wife’s and children’s names and ages. Most immigrants received assistance from either the New Zealand Company or from a government or church association formed to encourage immigration. Microfilm copies of many of these records are at the Family History Library. Look in the Place Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under:  

;NEW ZEALAND, [PROVINCE] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION

A group of Welsh people sailed on the Mimosa and founded a settlement in Patagonia, Argentina, in the nineteenth century. This settlement, known as "Y Wladfa", has been studied in considerable detail. Several books have been written about it.  

;ARGENTINA, PATAGONIA - COLONIZATION<br><br>

'''''Online Resources'''''

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimosa_(ship)#1865_settlers List of Settlers who sailed on the Mimosa in 1865]

To search emigration records effectively, you should know the approximate date of emigration, the name of the ship, the type of or reason for emigration, or the emigrant’s previous residence in Wales. If you know the ship’s name, you may find additional details about the ship, including ports of embarkation and arrival, in:  

There are other lists of emigrants by authors such as Peter W. Coldham, Michael Tepper, and P. William Filby. See the Author/Title Search of the FamilySearch Catalog for works by these authors.  

Immigration to the British Isles was primarily from continental Europe. Specific immigrant groups include refugees from wars (such as the French Revolution) or from religious persecution (such as Huguenots and Jews).  

As there are few English immigration sources, you may need to search the emigration records for your ancestor’s country of origin.  

[[Find a Welsh Emigrant or Immigrant from Wales Record Selection Guide]]  

*http://www.agor.org.uk/cwm/themes/Life/society/migration.asp

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