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Go to [[Jewish Genealogy Research|Jewish Genealogy Research Main Page]]<br>Go to [[Poland|Poland Main Page]] | Go to [[Jewish Genealogy Research|Jewish Genealogy Research Main Page]]<br>Go to [[Poland|Poland Main Page]] | ||
Austrian Poland, a province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1772 until 1917, now in southern Poland and western Ukraine. | |||
== Historical Background == | |||
==== History of the Jews in Galicia ==== | |||
*To visit the Galicia Jewish Museum online click [http://www.en.galiciajewishmuseum.org/ here].<br>The Galicia Jewish Museum exists to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust and to celebrate the Jewish culture of Polish Galicia, presenting Jewish history from a new perspective. | |||
====Division of Galicia (1918)==== | |||
*Galicia was divided between Poland and the Ukraine at the end of the First World War. | |||
*Use maps and gazetteers to determine whether your family's home city/town became a part of Poland or of the Ukraine. | |||
*Continue research by using resources on these two pages: | |||
**[[Poland Jewish Records]] | |||
**[[Ukraine Jewish Records]] | |||
*Note: For towns near the border between Poland and the Ukraine, pertinent records may have ended up in an archive now on the other side of the border. | |||
==Find the Town== | |||
In order to research your family in Austrian Poland, it is essential that you have identified the place where they came from. It is not enough to only know 'Poland,' 'Austria' or even 'Galicia;' you must know the shtetl, or town, they came from. In addition to research in the records of the country they immigrated to, you may also want to examine the following sources to help you determine possible town locations. | |||
===JewishGen Family Finder=== | |||
The [https://www.jewishgen.org/jgff/ '''Family Finder'''] is a database of both ancestral hometowns and surnames that have been researched by their descendants world wide. The Family Finder allows you to connect with others who are researching similar ancestors and origins and collaborate your research. To add the surnames and locations you are researching: | |||
*click on '''Modify (Edit your existing entries)''' or '''Enter (Add new entries)'''. | |||
*Type in the surnames and/or locations of interest and hit '''Submit'''. | |||
*To search the database and see if you can connect to family members and other researchers, choose '''Search (Search the database)''' from the Town Finder home page. You can search for a surname and/or a town. Search results will appear in a chart format giving you the surname, town, country, and researcher information (often includes contact information) and the date they last logged into JewishGen. | |||
====Miriam Weiner's Surname Database==== | |||
Using the '''[https://www.rtrfoundation.org/newwebsite/lnintro.shtml Surname Database]''' on Miriam Weiner's Routes to Roots Foundation website can help narrow down a more specific location for where individuals lived who shared your ancestor's surname. | |||
*Use the [https://www.rtrfoundation.org/newwebsite/lnsearch.php Standard Surname Database] if you know your ancestor's given name, surname, or town name. This database is comprised of name lists from local historians and heads of Jewish communities, name lists from books, and name lists from various archives. | |||
*Use the [https://www.rtrfoundation.org/newwebsite/ocrsearch.php OCR Surname Database] (optical character recognition) to search for your ancestor's surname in either the Latin alphabet or in Cyrillic. This database is comprised of information from business directories, address calendars, telephone books, typed name lists, and name lists from books and from archives. | |||
==Maps and Gazetteers== | |||
Once you have determined the town your ancestor came from, the next step is locating the town in a map or a gazetteer. This will help you to identify political boundaries, place names, alternate spellings, etc. Gazetteers and historical maps are especially useful for understanding boundary changes or finding communities that no longer exist. | |||
====JewishGen Gazetteer==== | |||
*The [https://www.jewishgen.org/communities/loctown.asp '''JewishGen Gazetteer'''] is a useful online gazetteer for locations in Eastern Europe. Note that wild card searches are not supported. To view an entry page, click on the '''Jewish star''' to the left of the town name. Entry pages provide jurisdictions for before WWI, the interwar period, after WWII and modern-day. Alternate names and Yiddish and Russian spellings are also included. In the center, you'll find a map and a list of additional Jewish communities located nearby. Finally, under '''Additional Information''' and '''in the green box''' at the top, you'll find links to references and additional resources that may help you in your research. | |||
====Gesher Galicia Town Locator==== | |||
*The '''[https://www.geshergalicia.org/galician-town-locator/ Gesher Galician Town Locator]''' is a free online gazetteer for locations in Galicia. On the site, scroll down on the table to view all towns in Galicia, Austria as well as judicial/administrative districts and the location of the Jewish, Roman Catholic, and Greek Catholic centers. Their data comes from the year 1900. The list is organized alphabetically. You can also use the control find feature to help you locate your town quickly. This can be done by pressing the '''Ctrl (or Command if using a Mac)''' and '''F''' keys on your keyboard at the same time. Type your location in the box that appears on the screen (usually in the upper right hand corner) and press enter. Keep in mind that spellings used on the site may be different from the spellings you have, and so if you don't find it using a control find search, be sure to check the alphabetical list. | |||
==== Gazetteer of Galicia ==== | |||
* The ''Genealogical Gazetteer of Galicia'' by Brian J. Lenius is an excellent gazetteer for research in Galicia. It identifies Jewish record jurisdictions and whether the town is now located in modern-day Poland or Ukraine. This book is available at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City and is not accessible online. See the catalog entry [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/963643?availability=Family%20History%20Library here] for more information. Check '''[https://www.worldcat.org/ WorldCat]''' for availability in a library near you. | |||
====Miriam Weiner Maps==== | |||
*Miriam Weiner's website offers select '''[https://www.rtrfoundation.org/maps1.shtml historical maps of Poland]''', as well as a variety of '''[https://www.rtrfoundation.org/imagesearch.php historical images]''' from towns in Poland that may prove useful in your family history. | |||
====Gesher Galicia Map Room==== | |||
Gesher Galicia's Digital Map Room is a collection of maps from the former Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia. The site contains regional maps as well as cadastral maps, or land maps that show the boundaries and ownership of land parcels. Many of their maps are full color and very high quality. Be sure to also explore the '''Maps''' tab of the [https://www.geshergalicia.org/ '''Gesher Galicia website'''] for additional resources. | |||
== Vital Records == | |||
Austrian laws allowed Jews to maintain registers under Catholic supervision from 1789, but most Jewish registers date from the 1830s or later. Jewish records were not given the status of official legal documents in Austria until 1868. | |||
==== All Galicia Database (indexed records) ==== | |||
The '''[https://search.geshergalicia.org/ All Galicia Database]''' is home to over 720,000 free, indexed records. Clicking on a result will pull up additional information including a record citation which lets you know where the original record came from. | |||
====JRI Poland (indexed records)==== | |||
JRI-Poland has indexed over 6.1 million Jewish birth, marriage, and death records from current and former territories of Poland. Search the free '''[https://jri-poland.org/jriplweb.htm database]''' using information such as surname, given name, or any field. Search results are displayed according to historical region (gubernia, wojewodztwo, etc.). For additional help in searching the database see the article, [https://jri-poland.org/how-to-search.htm How to Search Our Database.] | |||
Indexes were taken from a variety of different places including FamilySearch microfilms, digital images housed on the Polish State Archives and other genealogical/archival sites, or from originals located in Poland. | |||
*'''To locate original images on FamilySearch using a microfilm number''', look for a number found in the microfilm column (usually the last column on the right). If there is not a blue hyperlink on the number, copy the microfilm number and then go to the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog FamilySearch Catalog.] Paste the microfilm number in the '''Film/Fiche Number''' box and select '''Search''' (you may need to remove commas). One, or several result may appear. Look for a result with the the '''Author''' as the town listed on JRI-Poland. Scroll down to the portion of the page entitled '''Film/Digital Notes'''. Look for your film number in the '''Film Column'''. Pay attention to the item number (if one is listed). Next, look in the '''Format''' column. | |||
**A '''camera''' icon indicates the digital images of the records are accessible online. Click on the camera and then locate the correct item number within the film. | |||
**A '''camera icon with a key''' indicates that the item has viewing restrictions and may be accessible at a F[[Introduction to Family History Centers|amily History Center]] or on microfilm at the [https://www.familysearch.org/family-history-library/welcome-to-the-family-history-library Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah]. To locate a Family History Center near you, click [https://www.familysearch.org/help/fhcenters/locations/ here.] | |||
**A '''magnifying glass''' indicates that at least a portion of the film has been indexed. Click on the magnifying glass to search through the indexes. | |||
**A '''wheel''' icon indicates that the item has viewing restrictions and is only accessible on microfilm at the [https://www.familysearch.org/family-history-library/welcome-to-the-family-history-library Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah.] | |||
*'''To locate original images on the Polish State Archives''' | |||
*'''To locate additional source information''' scroll down to the bottom of your search page on JRI-Poland to the '''Datafile''' section. Locate the collection of interest from the index and then look at the final column, '''LDS films/contact information'''. | |||
=== | ==== Central Archives of Historical Records (AGAD) (digital images or archival references) ==== | ||
'''[http://www.agad.gov.pl/inwentarze/testy.html AGAD]''' contains many Jewish metrical records (birth, marriage, and death), index books, and additional records from the voivodeships of Lwów, Stanisławów and Tarnopol. Many of these metrical records have been scanned and are available as digital images. For an inventory of records available by location, record, type and years, click [https://www.geshergalicia.org/inventories/fond-300/ here] and [https://www.geshergalicia.org/inventories/fond-424/ here]. The inventory links to the digital images on AGAD, as well as whether or not the record has been indexed by another organization. | |||
===Polish State Archives (digital images or archival references)=== | |||
The Polish archive system consists of many regional archives throughout Poland which are under the umbrella of the main Polish State Archive in Warsaw. Their website incorporates the holdings of all regional archives to help users find and locate records and documents. Note that some records are digitized and accessible online, while other records simply provide an inventory and an indication of which archive they are presently stored in. To access the new version of the Polish State Archives, click '''[https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/ here.]''' To access the old version of the Polish State Archives website, click '''[https://szukajwarchiwach.pl/ here.]''' To learn how to use the website, see the [[Poland "How to" Guides|Szukaj w Archiwach - The Polish State Archives Website "How to" Guide.]] | |||
===FamilySearch (digital images)=== | |||
There may also be records available through [[Introduction to the FamilySearch Catalog|FamilySearch.]] To find records for your location, go to the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog '''FamilySearch Catalog.'''] In the place box, type in the name of your town and click the appropriate entry from the drop-down box. Keep in mind that records are often listed using multiple levels of jurisdictions from largest (country) to smallest (town), as well as varying jurisdictions over time. | |||
=== | Alternatively, you can click [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&placeId=92&query=%2Bplace%3APoland here] to access catalog entries for Poland. Click on '''Places within Poland''' and a list of places will appear. Click on your desired location(s). A list of record topics will then appear. Jewish records are most commonly catalogued under the headings '''Jewish Records''' or '''Jewish History'''. You may also find record under '''Church Records''' (for Jews recorded in records of other denominations)''', Civil Registration, Concentration Camps, Genealogy, Holocaust''', and '''Minorities'''. | ||
To open a topic, click on it and then a list of the records included in that topic will appear. Click on the blue links to view specific record titles. As you scroll down on the catalog entry page, look for the Film/Digital Notes section. The column on the left explains the types of records/years that are contained on the film. The final '''Format''' column indicates accessibility. | |||
*A magnifying glass indicates that at least part of the film is indexed, and clicking on the magnifying glass will take you to the index. | |||
*A camera indicates records are available online in a digital format. | |||
*A camera with a key on top means the record is viewable digitally but with certain restrictions that may mean the record can only be viewed at a Family History Center, FamilySearch affiliate library, or the Family History Library in Salt Lake City. Take a look at the '''[https://www.familysearch.org/help/fhcenters/locations/ Family History Center Finder]''' to discover a location near you. | |||
*A wheel icon indicates the record is only available on microfilm at the [https://www.familysearch.org/family-history-library/welcome-to-the-family-history-library '''Family History Library'''] in Salt Lake City, Utah. | |||
==Holocaust== | |||
*'''[https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Poland/ JewishGen Poland Collection]''' | |||
*[https://portal.ehri-project.eu/ '''European Holocaust Research Infrastructure Online Portal'''] offers information on Holocaust archival material held in institutions in Europe and throughout the world. | |||
*'''[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2357/ USHMM: Poland, Jewish Holocaust Survivors Registered in Warsaw, 1945-1956 Ancestry Collection]''' contains indexes to 31,175 registration cards of Jewish survivors in Warsaw after the war. The indexes provide name, date of birth, information about parents, pre-war residences, and additional information. Ancestry is typically a subscription site, but you can search Holocaust records for free. See more information about that [https://www.ancestry.com/cs/alwaysremember here]. You can request a copy of the original record by using the [https://www.ushmm.org/online/hsv/person_advance_search.php Document Request Form fond at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum website.] | |||
*[https://arolsen-archives.org/en/search-explore/search-online-archive/ '''Arolsen Archives,'''] also known as the International Center on Nazi Persecution, and formerly the International Tracing Service, is one of the largest archives on the victims of Nazi persecution. Many of their holdings are available to research online. | |||
*[https://yvng.yadvashem.org/index.html?language=en '''Yad Vashem Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names'''] is a database of victims of the Holocaust. | |||
=== | ==Additional Records and Finding Aids/Record Inventories== | ||
====Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation==== | |||
Use the '''[https://www.rtrfoundation.org/search.php Archive Database]''' to locate what records exist for your ancestor's town, and where to find them. Search for the name of your ancestor's locality, and the database will provide results for known surviving records from that location, and where the records are held. (Remember to adjust the search criteria for Soundex options or spelling variations). | |||
This database contains documents such as army/recruit lists, family lists and census records, Jewish vital records (birth, marriage, death, divorce), immigration documents, voter and tax lists, property and notary records, Holocaust documents, police files, and pogrom documents (school records, occupation lists, local government and hospital records). | |||
*See [http://www.rtrfoundation.org/ '''Routes to Roots Foundation'''] and '''hover over Poland''' for a Genealogical and Family History guide to Jewish and civil records in Eastern Europe. | |||
====Gesher Galicia Inventories==== | |||
Inventories available through '''[https://www.geshergalicia.org/inventories/ Gesher Galicia]''' can help you locate records in both Polish and Ukrainian archives. | |||
[[Category:Jewish Records]] | [[Category:Jewish Records]] | ||
[[Category:Jewish Records by Country, Region, and City]] | [[Category:Jewish Records by Country, Region, and City]] | ||