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{{Slovakia-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Slovakia Genealogy|Slovakia]] | |||
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| link5=[[Slovakia Personal Names|Personal Names]] | |||
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'''Understanding customs used in surnames and given names can help you identify your ancestors in records. Learn to recognize name variations and see clues in names.''' | |||
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==Online Tools== | |||
*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/slovak '''Behind the Name: Slovak Surnames'''] | |||
*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/slovak '''Behind the Name: Slovak Given Names'''] | |||
== Surnames == | |||
In the absence of a consistent system, names in Slovakia (similar to other European countries) were not stable for many centuries. Medieval people or even those of the 18th century, were not forced to use one official, very individual, and hereditary surname. It was enough if one could be more or less precisely distinguished by the society. Everyone had a given name, usually a Christian name. This was used during the course of his life in various forms. | In the absence of a consistent system, names in Slovakia (similar to other European countries) were not stable for many centuries. Medieval people or even those of the 18th century, were not forced to use one official, very individual, and hereditary surname. It was enough if one could be more or less precisely distinguished by the society. Everyone had a given name, usually a Christian name. This was used during the course of his life in various forms. | ||
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This is the extract of a lecture ''Slovak Surnames: What They Can Tell a Family Historian'' by Milan Šišmiš, presented at the FEEFHS Convention, Minneapolis in 1996. To read the article in its entirety see FEEFHS Journal 4:4 (March 1997). | This is the extract of a lecture ''Slovak Surnames: What They Can Tell a Family Historian'' by Milan Šišmiš, presented at the FEEFHS Convention, Minneapolis in 1996. To read the article in its entirety see FEEFHS Journal 4:4 (March 1997). | ||
===Surname Changes of Immigrants in the United States=== | |||
'''As Immigrants moved into English-speaking countries, their surnames were impacted in a variety of ways.''' | |||
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*Most of the time the surname spelling changed to accommodate the '''different phonetic spelling in the English language'''. In other words, the recorder tried to write the name the way he heard it. | |||
*Surnames may also have been translated outright into English, sometimes with a slight twist. | |||
*Within the community, such as the local parish, immigrants may continue to use the original name, while at the same time '''using English-language equivalents when dealing with local government, census takers, and other English speakers.''' | |||
*Different branches of the same family may adopt various surname spellings. | |||
*Prior to 1900, formal surname changes documented in local court records are relatively rare. | |||
*During the early 20th Century, especially the World War I era, surname changes are recorded more frequently, as immigrants or, more often, their children, tried to adopt more neutral surnames. | |||
== Male Given Names == | == Male Given Names == | ||