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***Kirk (church), Bell | ***Kirk (church), Bell | ||
***MacLean (MacGhill-Eain, son of the servant of St John), Gilchrist (MacGhilleChriosd, son of the servant of Christ), MacPherson (Mac a' Phearsain, son of the ecclesiastic), MacMillan (MacMhaolain, son of the tonsured one, i.e. a monk), Dewar (Mac-an-Deòir or Deòrach), Gilmour (MacGhilleMhuire - servant of St Mary), Mellis (MacGhilleIosa or Maol-Iosa - servant of Jesus) | ***MacLean (MacGhill-Eain, son of the servant of St John), Gilchrist (MacGhilleChriosd, son of the servant of Christ), MacPherson (Mac a' Phearsain, son of the ecclesiastic), MacMillan (MacMhaolain, son of the tonsured one, i.e. a monk), Dewar (Mac-an-Deòir or Deòrach), Gilmour (MacGhilleMhuire - servant of St Mary), Mellis (MacGhilleIosa or Maol-Iosa - servant of Jesus) | ||
*It should be noted that in the Celtic Church until surprisingly late, that '''churchmen and monks could marry''', hence the proliferation of names such as MacNab (Mac-an-Aba, son of the abbot). | |||
*In '''Orkney and Shetland''', where Norn was formerly spoken, many forenames have derivations from pet forms of '''Scandinavian names''', e.g. Rasmie derives from Erasmus. | |||
===Clan Names=== | ===Clan Names=== | ||
After the Battle of Culloden in 1746, and the subsequent restrictive acts against the Highland clans, many people changed their surnames from clan names to less Gaelic names to avoid being punished by the British government for being associated with clans in disfavor with the crown. Sometimes several generations used a different surname before changing it back to the original clan name. | |||
After the Battle of Culloden in 1746 and the subsequent restrictive acts against the Highland clans, many people changed their surnames from clan names to less Gaelic names to avoid being punished by the British government for being associated with clans in disfavor with the crown. Sometimes several generations used a different surname before changing it back to the original clan name. | |||
Some surnames were also directly translated into English, e.g. Mac a' Bhrataich and MacGhilledhuinn could be rendered into Bannerman and Brown/Broun, and sometimes unrelated names were used to translate each other, e.g. Mac na Ceardaich (son of the tinsmith) is rendered Sinclair in some places, MacDhonnchaidh (son of Duncan) as Robertson. | Some surnames were also directly translated into English, e.g. Mac a' Bhrataich and MacGhilledhuinn could be rendered into Bannerman and Brown/Broun, and sometimes unrelated names were used to translate each other, e.g. Mac na Ceardaich (son of the tinsmith) is rendered Sinclair in some places, MacDhonnchaidh (son of Duncan) as Robertson. | ||
== Given Names == | == Given Names == | ||
*A significant percentage of traditional Scottish names have '''Gaelic origins'''. Scottish Gaelic, like other early Britannic languages, has it origins in the Celtic language. Therefore, Scottish Gaelic names reflect this Celtic influence. | |||
*There are similarities between many Scottish and Irish given names. In the early part of the Middle Ages, the name pools in Gaelic Scotland and Ireland were more or less the same, since the Gaels came to Scotland from Ireland. Over time, the name pools diverged and some early Gaelic names that went out of fashion in one culture remained in fashion in the other. <ref>"Quick and Easy Gaelic Names", by Sharon L. Krossa, https://medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/, accessed 19 February 2021.</ref> | |||
Sometimes first names will also be translated into English or rendered by a different name. In former times, it was common for this to be done by the authorities, with or without the permission of the bearer. For example, someone called Gilleasbaig may find his name rendered either Archibald or Gillespie, and the woman's name Oighrig has been rendered variously as Africa and Euphemia ("Effie"). In more distant times, one of the Lords of Galloway was known as Roland or Lochlan, and Flora MacDonald, would have been known as Fionnghal in her native tongue. | |||
===Naming Patterns=== | |||
The Scots, for the most part, had a naming pattern which can be seen in many families. The pattern generally went as follows: | The Scots, for the most part, had a naming pattern which can be seen in many families. The pattern generally went as follows: | ||