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Minnesota Indigenous Peoples (view source)
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The word Minnesota comes from a Dakota Indian word meaning "sky-tinted water" | The word Minnesota comes from a Dakota Indian word meaning "sky-tinted water" | ||
To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites [[American Indian Genealogy|click here]].<br> | |||
Two major Native American tribes—the Dakota (or Sioux) and the Ojibwa (Anishinabe or Chippewa)—lived in the area that is now Minnesota. Small groups from other tribes now also reside in the state, including the Winnebago, who once had reservation land there. By the late 1860s treaties had pushed the Indians off lands they had occupied and moved them onto reservations. | Two major Native American tribes—the Dakota (or Sioux) and the Ojibwa (Anishinabe or Chippewa)—lived in the area that is now Minnesota. Small groups from other tribes now also reside in the state, including the Winnebago, who once had reservation land there. By the late 1860s treaties had pushed the Indians off lands they had occupied and moved them onto reservations. | ||
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The following list of American Indians who have lived in Minnesota has been compiled from Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/minnesota/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe. | The following list of American Indians who have lived in Minnesota has been compiled from Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/minnesota/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe. | ||
*[[ | *[[Arapaho Indians|Arapaho]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Cheyenne Indians|Cheyenne]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa]] or Ojibwa | ||
*Dakota | *Dakota | ||
*Fox | *Fox | ||
*[[ | *[[Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska|Iowa]] | ||
*Missouri | *Missouri | ||
*[[ | *[[Omaha Indians|Omaha]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Oto Indians|Oto]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Ottawa Indians|Ottawa]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Ponca Tribe|Ponca]] | ||
*Sauk | *Sauk | ||
*[[ | *[[Winnebago Indians|Winnebago]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Wyandot Indians|Wyandot]] | ||
'''Chippewa Bands:''' | <br>'''Chippewa Bands:''' | ||
*[[ | *[[Bois Forte Band of Chippewa Indians|Bois Fort]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Cass Lake Band of Chippewa Indians|Cass Lake]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Fond du Lac Band of Chippewa Indians, Minnesota|Fond Du Lac]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Grand Portage Band of Chippewa Indians, Minnesota|Grand Portage]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Lake Winnibigoshish Band of Chippewa Indians|Lake Winnibigoshish]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Mille Lac Band of Chippewa Indians, Minnesota|Mille Lac]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians|Pembina]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians|Pillager]] | ||
*Rainy Lake | *Rainy Lake | ||
*Snake River | *Snake River | ||
*[[ | *[[White Oak Point Band of Chippewa Indians|White Oak Point]] | ||
== Reservations == | == Reservations == | ||
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*'''Lower Sioux Reservation: '''Federal, under jurisdiction of Minnesota Agency, Tribe: Eastern or Mississippi Sioux | *'''Lower Sioux Reservation: '''Federal, under jurisdiction of Minnesota Agency, Tribe: Eastern or Mississippi Sioux | ||
*[[Mdewakanton Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mdewakanton Reservation]]: 1884 | *[[Mdewakanton Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mdewakanton Reservation]]: 1884 | ||
*[[ | *[[Menominee Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Menominee Reservation]]: 1845-1845 | ||
*'''[[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs Reservation]]: '''1855-1889 Federal, under jurisdiction of Minnesota Agency, Tribe: Chippewa | *'''[[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs Reservation]]: '''1855-1889 Federal, under jurisdiction of Minnesota Agency, Tribe: Chippewa | ||
*'''Nett Lake Reservation: '''Federal, under jurisdiction of Minnesota Agency, Tribe: Chippewa | *'''Nett Lake Reservation: '''Federal, under jurisdiction of Minnesota Agency, Tribe: Chippewa | ||
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[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices. | [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices. | ||
The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Minnesota has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;amp;titleno=247426&amp;amp;disp=The+Office+of+Indian+Affairs%2C+1824%2D1%20%20&amp;amp;columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551o].)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;amp;titleno=207428&amp;amp;disp=Guide+to+records+in+the+National+Archive%20%20&amp;amp;columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others. | The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Minnesota has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;amp;amp;titleno=247426&amp;amp;amp;disp=The+Office+of+Indian+Affairs%2C+1824%2D1%20%20&amp;amp;amp;columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551o].)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;amp;amp;titleno=207428&amp;amp;amp;disp=Guide+to+records+in+the+National+Archive%20%20&amp;amp;amp;columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others. | ||
*[[Birch Cooley Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Birch Cooley Agency]] | *[[Birch Cooley Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Birch Cooley Agency]] | ||
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*[[Minnesota Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Minnesota Agency]], Route 3, P.O. Box 112, Cass Lake, MN 56633 | *[[Minnesota Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Minnesota Agency]], Route 3, P.O. Box 112, Cass Lake, MN 56633 | ||
*[[Nett Lake Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Nett Lake Agency]] | *[[Nett Lake Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Nett Lake Agency]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Pipestone Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Pipestone Agency]] | ||
*[[Red Lake Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Red Lake Agency]], Red Lake, MN 56671 | *[[Red Lake Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Red Lake Agency]], Red Lake, MN 56671 | ||
*[[Sandy Lake Indian Subagency (Minnesota)|Sandy Lake Subagency]] | *[[Sandy Lake Indian Subagency (Minnesota)|Sandy Lake Subagency]] | ||
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*[[Vermillion Lake Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Vermillion Lake Agency]] | *[[Vermillion Lake Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Vermillion Lake Agency]] | ||
*[[White Earth Indian Agency (Minnesota)|White Earth Agency]] | *[[White Earth Indian Agency (Minnesota)|White Earth Agency]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Winnebago Indian Agency (Minnesota)|Winnebago Agency]] | ||
Minnesota Superintendency 1849-1856 | Minnesota Superintendency 1849-1856 | ||
== Indian Schools == | == Indian Schools == | ||
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In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]]) | In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]]) | ||
The following list of Indian Schools in Minnesota has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=247426&disp=The+Office+of+Indian+Affairs%2C+1824%2D1%20%20&columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551o].)</ref>, Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=207428&disp=Guide+to+records+in+the+National+Archive%20%20&columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others. | The following list of Indian Schools in Minnesota has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;titleno=247426&amp;disp=The+Office+of+Indian+Affairs%2C+1824%2D1%20%20&amp;columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551o].)</ref>, Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&amp;titleno=207428&amp;disp=Guide+to+records+in+the+National+Archive%20%20&amp;columns=*,0,0 book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others. | ||
*Bena School | *Bena School | ||
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MINNESOTA – NATIVE RACES | MINNESOTA – NATIVE RACES | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
*''Records of the United States attorneys and marshal for the District of Minnesota, 1889-1917'' which include land allotments for the White Earth Chippewas and genealogical charts connected with those allotments. There are 7 microfilms starting with film 1294074. (NARA record group 118 roll 22) | *''Records of the United States attorneys and marshal for the District of Minnesota, 1889-1917'' which include land allotments for the White Earth Chippewas and genealogical charts connected with those allotments. There are 7 microfilms starting with film 1294074. (NARA record group 118 roll 22) | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
==== Bibliography ==== | ==== Bibliography ==== | ||