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Identifying Place Names in German documents (view source)
Revision as of 13:16, 21 January 2021
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==== Gazetteers and Place Name Dictionaries ==== | ==== Gazetteers and Place Name Dictionaries ==== | ||
Did your ancestor come from ''Schweindorf '' | Did your ancestor come from Hog village [''Schweindorf'']; Black Cat [''Schwarze Katze'', Pomerania]; ''Sumatra ''[in Brandenburg]; Over-seas [''Übersee'', Bavaria]; White Flea [''Weisse Floh'']; Yorkstown [Brandenburg]; ''Pommern ''[in Rhineland]; To the Seven Electors [''zu den sieben Kurfürsten'', Silesia]; or did he live in one of the 20 places in Germany called ''Amerika''? These are just a few of the unusual place names found in German gazetteers. <br> A "gazetteer" is a geographic dictionary. Genealogists use gazetteers to obtain information such as, where, in a certain country, their research is centered, where a given place is found, how its name is spelled, or, if the place is small, where, in a nearby town or village, parish, court, or civil records can be located. Place name dictionaries provide examples from documents showing the evolution of a place name and its many spelling variations. <br> When an exact place of origin is known and the researcher wants to find it, gazetteers must be checked. Gerhard Jeske identifies some of the important gazetteers for Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and German settlements in other European countries. Many others are available in print and many are also available on the internet. | ||
'''Gazetteers - Germany'''<br>''Meyers Orts- und Verkehrs- Lexikon des Deutschen Reichs ''[FHL 943 E5mo; Film 496,640 and 496,641; fiche 6000001 to 6000029). This gazetteer is available on the internet.<br>''Müllers Grosses Deutsches Ortsbuch ''[FHL 943 E5m]<br>''Gemeinde und Ortslexikon des Deutschen Reichs ''[FHL 599,563].<br>''Amtliches Gemeinde- und Ortsnamenverzeichnis der Deutschen Ostgebiete under fremder Verwaltung ''[FHL 943.8 E5b; film 824,243].<br>''Kleiner historischer Städtenamen-Schlüssel für Deutschland und die ehemaligen deutschen Gebiete ''[FHL 943 E5ve]. | '''Gazetteers - Germany'''<br>''Meyers Orts- und Verkehrs- Lexikon des Deutschen Reichs ''[FHL 943 E5mo; Film 496,640 and 496,641; fiche 6000001 to 6000029). This gazetteer is available on the internet.<br>''Müllers Grosses Deutsches Ortsbuch ''[FHL 943 E5m]<br>''Gemeinde und Ortslexikon des Deutschen Reichs ''[FHL 599,563].<br>''Amtliches Gemeinde- und Ortsnamenverzeichnis der Deutschen Ostgebiete under fremder Verwaltung ''[FHL 943.8 E5b; film 824,243].<br>''Kleiner historischer Städtenamen-Schlüssel für Deutschland und die ehemaligen deutschen Gebiete ''[FHL 943 E5ve]. | ||
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'''Austria<br>'''''Ortsverzeichnis von Österreich ''[FHL 943.6 E5o]<br>''Müllers Ortsbuch für das Land Österreich ''[FHL 943.6 E5om].<br>''Verzeichnis der Post- und Telegraphenämter in Österreich, Ungarn, und in Bosnien-Hercegovina sowie der Österreichischen Postanstalten im Fürstentum Liechtenstein und in der Levante ''[FHL 943.6 E5a] | '''Austria<br>'''''Ortsverzeichnis von Österreich ''[FHL 943.6 E5o]<br>''Müllers Ortsbuch für das Land Österreich ''[FHL 943.6 E5om].<br>''Verzeichnis der Post- und Telegraphenämter in Österreich, Ungarn, und in Bosnien-Hercegovina sowie der Österreichischen Postanstalten im Fürstentum Liechtenstein und in der Levante ''[FHL 943.6 E5a] | ||
'''German Settlements in other European Countries'''<br>''Deutsch-fremdsprachiges (fremdsprachig-deutsches) Ortsnamenverzeichnis ''[FHL 940 E5kt; film 583,457 and 590,387]<br>''Gemeindeverzeichnis für Mittel- und Ostdeutschland und die früheren deutschen Siedlungsgebiete im Ausland''. [FHL 940 | '''German Settlements in other European Countries'''<br>''Deutsch-fremdsprachiges (fremdsprachig-deutsches) Ortsnamenverzeichnis ''[FHL 940 E5kt; film 583,457 and 590,387]<br>''Gemeindeverzeichnis für Mittel- und Ostdeutschland und die früheren deutschen Siedlungsgebiete im Ausland''. [FHL 940 E5g]. | ||
'''Place Name Dictionaries'''<br> The following are examples of place name dictionaries available for German areas. Many others are available. | '''Place Name Dictionaries'''<br> The following are examples of place name dictionaries available for German areas. Many others are available. | ||
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==== Slavic Influence ==== | ==== Slavic Influence ==== | ||
Both Polish and Russian are highly inflected languages. This means that endings are added to stems of words to signal changes in meanings. Nouns, adjectives and pronouns can be declined and change the structure of a word. A place name can take on a different look when various endings are added. This can be confusing to researchers even if the Polish or Russian equivalent name of the place is known. Some common place name forms in | Both Polish and Russian are highly inflected languages. This means that endings are added to stems of words to signal changes in meanings. Nouns, adjectives and pronouns can be declined and change the structure of a word. A place name can take on a different look when various endings are added. This can be confusing to researchers even if the Polish or Russian equivalent name of the place is known. Some common place name forms in German and Polish are:<br> Ober = górny = upper<br> Unter = dolny = lower<br> Gross = wielki = large<br> Neu = nowy = new | ||
German and equivalent Sorbic place names from the German Postal Directory. Wendish (Sorbic) areas of Germany include these: | German and equivalent Sorbic place names from the German Postal Directory. Wendish (Sorbic) areas of Germany include these: | ||