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===Sephardic Surnames=== | ===Sephardic Surnames=== | ||
Sephardic Jews, those who originated in Spain, first began using hereditary surnames in the 1500s. They were the first to | Sephardic Jews, those who originated in Spain, first began using hereditary surnames in the 1500s. They were the first to make widespread use of inherited family names. The Arab and Spanish cultures were the two major influences on Sephardic surnames. Spain was under Moorish Muslim rule from the 700s to the 1200s, and Jewish family names developed under the influence of Arab custom. | ||
Arabic family names developed from "by-names," which began to be passed from father to son. These family names were patronyms, occupations, places of origin, and descriptions. Surnames of patronymic origin (most common) often used the Arabic term ''ibn'' for "son of." Ibn was placed in front of the father’s name, such as Ibn Aknin and Ibn Baruch. Arabs sometimes reversed the patronym, using the term ''abu'' for "father of," such as Isaac abu Jacob. Some Jews simply joined his father's name to his own, such as Joseph Abraham (instead of Joseph the son of Abraham). | Arabic family names developed from "by-names," which began to be passed from father to son. These family names were patronyms, occupations, places of origin, and descriptions. Surnames of patronymic origin (most common) often used the Arabic term ''ibn'' for "son of." Ibn was placed in front of the father’s name, such as Ibn Aknin and Ibn Baruch. Arabs sometimes reversed the patronym, using the term ''abu'' for "father of," such as Isaac abu Jacob. Some Jews simply joined his father's name to his own, such as Joseph Abraham (instead of Joseph the son of Abraham). | ||