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'''''[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Genealogy|Indigenous Peoples of the US]] [[Arkansas]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Georgia]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[North Carolina Genealogy|North Carolina]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Oklahoma, United States Genealogy|Oklahoma]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[South Carolina]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Tennessee]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[ | '''''[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Genealogy|Indigenous Peoples of the US]] [[Arkansas]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Georgia]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[North Carolina Genealogy|North Carolina]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Oklahoma, United States Genealogy|Oklahoma]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[South Carolina]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Tennessee]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of Arkansas]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of Georgia]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of North Carolina]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of Oklahoma]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of South Carolina]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indigenous Peoples of Tennessee]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]]'' Cherokee Nation''' | ||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
Guide to '''{{PAGENAME}} ancestry, family history and genealogy:''' birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, parish registers, and other agency records. | Guide to '''{{PAGENAME}} ancestry, family history and genealogy:''' birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, parish registers, and other agency records. | ||
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*[http://echotacherokeetribe.homestead.com/ Echota Cherokee Tribe of Alabama] | *[http://echotacherokeetribe.homestead.com/ Echota Cherokee Tribe of Alabama] | ||
*Oconaluftee Cherokee | *Oconaluftee Cherokee | ||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Cherokees Texas Band of Cherokee | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Cherokees Texas Band of Cherokee] | ||
*[http://www.canadianok.com/Kiamichi.html Western Band Of Cherokee] | *[http://www.canadianok.com/Kiamichi.html Western Band Of Cherokee] | ||
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In the 1830's gold was discovered in their Nation, this became a catalyst for removal. With the signing of the Treaty of New Echota, December 29, 1835 the tribe sold their remaining land and agreed to move west of the Mississippi. | In the 1830's gold was discovered in their Nation, this became a catalyst for removal. With the signing of the Treaty of New Echota, December 29, 1835 the tribe sold their remaining land and agreed to move west of the Mississippi. | ||
The removal to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) occurred in the winter of 1838-1839, with | The removal to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) occurred in the winter of 1838-1839, with an 800 mile journey, this became known as the "Trail of Tears", with a loss of one-fourth of their tribe. They joined an earlier group known as "old settlers" who had been in Arkansas. Another group that had been in Mexico (Texas) was forced by government troops to move, they went to the mountains of North Carolina where in 1842, they obtained permission to stay. The Texas group are now a part of the Eastern Band of Cherokee. | ||
The Cherokee were slave owners, and resided in areas encompassed by southern influence many of them enlisted in the Confederate Army. A Treaty signed in 1866 remitted them to the United States. They were required to release their slaves. Others had joined the Union Army. | The Cherokee were slave owners, and resided in areas encompassed by southern influence many of them enlisted in the Confederate Army. A Treaty signed in 1866 remitted them to the United States. They were required to release their slaves. Others had joined the Union Army. | ||
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*'''1861-1865:''' Civil War Some Cherokee fought with the Confederate and others with the Union | *'''1861-1865:''' Civil War Some Cherokee fought with the Confederate and others with the Union | ||
*'''1865:'''Eastern Band lost many to a smallpox epidemic | *'''1865:'''Eastern Band lost many to a smallpox epidemic | ||
*'''1866:''' July 19, Treaty provided for the cession of the Cherokee "neutral lands" in [[Indians of Kansas|Kansas]]. | *'''1866:''' July 19, Treaty provided for the cession of the Cherokee "neutral lands" in [[Indians of Kansas|Kansas]]. Native Americans living on the land could receive a patent to 320 acres but stipulated that they would no longer be members of the Cherokee nation. The treaty also gave emancipation to all the Cherokee slaves. and citizenship to the Cherokee freedmen. <br> | ||
*'''1880:''' Cherokee Nation Census FHL film 989204 | *'''1880:''' Cherokee Nation Census FHL film 989204 | ||
*'''1887:''' General [[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment Act]] passed. This act required individual ownership of lands once held in common by the Cherokee people. | *'''1887:''' General [[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment Act]] passed. This act required individual ownership of lands once held in common by the Cherokee people. | ||
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*Cherokee Nation divided into '''ten counties''': Adair, Cherokee, Craig, Delaware, Maynes, Nowata, Rogers, Sequoyah, Tulsa, and Washington | *Cherokee Nation divided into '''ten counties''': Adair, Cherokee, Craig, Delaware, Maynes, Nowata, Rogers, Sequoyah, Tulsa, and Washington | ||
*'''1909:''' [[The U.S. Eastern Cherokee or Guion Miller Roll|Guion Miller Rolls]], Cherokee only, who applied for a share of the money from a law suit settlement against the United States | *'''1909:''' [[The U.S. Eastern Cherokee or Guion Miller Roll|Guion Miller Rolls]], Cherokee only, who applied for a share of the money from a law suit settlement against the United States | ||
*'''1953:''' U.S. Congress began a new policy of [http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/t/te014.html termination] for the | *'''1953:''' U.S. Congress began a new policy of [http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/t/te014.html termination] for the Native American tribes. The policy ended the protected trust status of all native-owned lands. The BIA began a voluntary urban [http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/t/te014.html relocation ]program. Native Americans could move from their rural tribes to a metropolitan area. Many indigenous people relocated to Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Jose, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dallas and Seattle. It is estimated that 750,000 Native Americans migrated to the cities between 1950-1980. <br> | ||
*'''1968:''' [http://www.tribal-institute.org/lists/icra1968.htm Indian Civil Rights Act] restored the right to hold popular elections. | *'''1968:''' [http://www.tribal-institute.org/lists/icra1968.htm Indian Civil Rights Act] restored the right to hold popular elections. | ||
'''Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands''' | '''Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands''' | ||
*Frederick Webb Hodge, in his [ | *Frederick Webb Hodge, in his [https://accessgenealogy.com/native/cherokee-tribe.htm Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico], gave a more complete history of the Cherokee tribe, with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in John Swanton's [https://accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook-of-american-indians-north-of-mexico.htm The Indian Tribes of North America]. | ||
*Benjamin Greenleaf. Cherokee Almanac. 1860. FHL Film 989199 item 3 | *Benjamin Greenleaf. Cherokee Almanac. 1860. FHL Film 989199 item 3 | ||
*Fredrea Marilyn Hermann Cook. Forgotten Oklahoma Records. Cullman, Alabama: Gregath Co., 1981. FHL Book 970.3 C424co | *Fredrea Marilyn Hermann Cook. Forgotten Oklahoma Records. Cullman, Alabama: Gregath Co., 1981. FHL Book 970.3 C424co | ||
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*Lists of North Carolina Cherokee who removed to the Cherokee Nation West, Cherokee (Tahlequah). Oklahoma Historical Society. Indian Archives Division {{FHL|77891|item|disp= FHL film 1666295 item 3 }} | *Lists of North Carolina Cherokee who removed to the Cherokee Nation West, Cherokee (Tahlequah). Oklahoma Historical Society. Indian Archives Division {{FHL|77891|item|disp= FHL film 1666295 item 3 }} | ||
*Garrett,Sandi. ''AKA Also Known As''. Cherokee and Pioneer names they were known by before and after the forced removal {{FHL|669764|item|disp=FHL book 9703 424ak}} '''These books link the Drennen Roll (1851) and the Guion Miller (1906-1910) Applications together to help establish family connections.''' | *Garrett,Sandi. ''AKA Also Known As''. Cherokee and Pioneer names they were known by before and after the forced removal {{FHL|669764|item|disp=FHL book 9703 424ak}} '''These books link the Drennen Roll (1851) and the Guion Miller (1906-1910) Applications together to help establish family connections.''' | ||
*"Indexes to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Soldiers who Served During the Cherokee Disturbances and Removal in Organizations From the State of Tennessee and the Field and Staff of the Army of the Cherokee Nation" (NARA M908) ({{FHL|1205384|disp=FHL film 1205384}}) ([http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17249016 Worldcat]) The compiled service records have not been microfilmed. | *"Indexes to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Soldiers who Served During the Cherokee Disturbances and Removal in Organizations From the State of Tennessee and the Field and Staff of the Army of the Cherokee Nation" (NARA M908) ({{FHL|1205384|disp=FHL film 1205384}}) ([http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17249016 Worldcat]) The compiled service records have not been microfilmed. | ||
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:*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1267 U.S. Army Indian Campaign Service Records Index] (Ancestry) ($) - brows-able only. | :*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1267 U.S. Army Indian Campaign Service Records Index] (Ancestry) ($) - brows-able only. | ||
*The [http://www.okhistory.org/research/removal?full Oklahoma Historical Society ]site and research center has excellent information on Indian Removal,Census, Freedman Resources, Tribes in Oklahoma, Timelines for the removal of the Cherokee tribe and more. | *The [http://www.okhistory.org/research/removal?full Oklahoma Historical Society ]site and research center has excellent information on Indian Removal, Census, Freedman Resources, Tribes in Oklahoma, Timelines for the removal of the Cherokee tribe and more. | ||
*1835 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/trail_of_tears.htm Trail of Tears] | *1835 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/trail_of_tears.htm Trail of Tears] | ||
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*September 13, 1865, at Fort Smith - unratified | *September 13, 1865, at Fort Smith - unratified | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0942.htm '''1866'''] July 19, at Washington | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0942.htm '''1866'''] July 19, at Washington | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0996.htm '''1868'''] April 27,Western Band Treaties | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0996.htm '''1868'''] April 27, Western Band Treaties | ||
*May 6, 1828, at Washington | *May 6, 1828, at Washington | ||
*February 14, 1833, | *February 14, 1833, | ||
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Prior to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act Indian Reorganization Act], the Bureau of Indian Affairs, through their agencies, may have recorded some vital events. Some were recorded on health forms, such as the "[[American Indian Sanitary Record of Sick, Injured, Births, Deaths, etc.|Sanitary Record of]] Sick, Injured, Births, Deaths, etc." Others were recorded as supplements to the "[[American Indian Census Rolls|Indian Census Rolls]]." Some were included in the unindexed reports and other correspondence of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. | Prior to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act Indian Reorganization Act], the Bureau of Indian Affairs, through their agencies, may have recorded some vital events. Some were recorded on health forms, such as the "[[American Indian Sanitary Record of Sick, Injured, Births, Deaths, etc.|Sanitary Record of]] Sick, Injured, Births, Deaths, etc." Others were recorded as supplements to the "[[American Indian Census Rolls|Indian Census Rolls]]." Some were included in the unindexed reports and other correspondence of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. | ||
Some vital records for the Cherokee | Some vital records for the Cherokee Nation include: | ||
*Cherokee Agency, M 595, births and deaths 1924-1932, [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bfilm_number%3A573871 1926-1939], [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bfilm_number%3A573872 FHL Film: 573872]<br> | *Cherokee Agency, M 595, births and deaths 1924-1932, [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bfilm_number%3A573871 1926-1939], [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bfilm_number%3A573872 FHL Film: 573872]<br> | ||
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== Indian Pioneer Papers == | == Indian Pioneer Papers == | ||
In 1936, the Oklahoma Historical Society and University of Oklahoma requested a writer's project grant from the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in which interviews would be conducted with early settlers in Oklahoma who had lived on Indian land. More than 100 writers conducted over 11,000 interviews and were asked to "call upon early settlers and (record) the story of the migration to Oklahoma and their early life here." <ref>Blackburn, Bob L. "Battle Cry for History: The First Century of the Oklahoma Historical Society." n.d. Oklahoma Historical Society. 5 Oct. 1998.</ref> The [http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/pioneer/ University of Oklahoma Western History Collection] has digitized the Indian Pioneer Papers which consists of approximately 80,000 indexed entries arranged alphabetically by personal name, place name, or subject. <ref>The University of Oklahoma Western History Collections http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/pioneer/</ref> An index to the Indian Pioneer Papers may also be found at [http://www.okgenweb.org/pioneer/ OKGenWeb Oklahoma Genealogy.] A separate index of | In 1936, the Oklahoma Historical Society and University of Oklahoma requested a writer's project grant from the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in which interviews would be conducted with early settlers in Oklahoma who had lived on Indian land. More than 100 writers conducted over 11,000 interviews and were asked to "call upon early settlers and (record) the story of the migration to Oklahoma and their early life here." <ref>Blackburn, Bob L. "Battle Cry for History: The First Century of the Oklahoma Historical Society." n.d. Oklahoma Historical Society. 5 Oct. 1998.</ref> The [http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/pioneer/ University of Oklahoma Western History Collection] has digitized the Indian Pioneer Papers which consists of approximately 80,000 indexed entries arranged alphabetically by personal name, place name, or subject. <ref>The University of Oklahoma Western History Collections http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/pioneer/</ref> An index to the Indian Pioneer Papers may also be found at [http://www.okgenweb.org/pioneer/ OKGenWeb Oklahoma Genealogy.] A separate index of Native Americans interviewed, including the Cherokee, may be viewed at: [http://goodoowah.50megs.com/indpio/ “Indians in the Indian Pioneer Papers”] Some of the surnames from the Cherokee tribe found in the collection are: Adair (Rider), Anderson, Beaver, Brewer, Bohanan, Burch (Choate), Campbell, Candy, Chambers (Ketcher), Coodey, Crutchfield (Lane), Daniels (Cummins), Daughtery (Morris), Drew, Dugan, Duncan, Harlan (James), Keys (Porter), Ketcher (Langley), Langley, Lynch, Marcham, McClure (Keith), Miller (Watts), Morris, Phillips (Keith), Rider (Howland), Ross, Rutherford (Rider), Starr, Vann, West (Spring). Family History Library microfiche number: 6,016,865 (first fiche number)<br> | ||
=== Family History Library === | === Family History Library === | ||