United States Index Systems: Difference between revisions

United States Index Systems (view source)

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 An index is a systematic guide, in list form, with references to the page where each item is located. There are many ways to index. They might be arranged alphabetically, by volume, or by time period. Some indexing systems are so complex that they require guides, keys, or tables to decipher. Some of the more common indexing systems for records in the United States are described below.
-=== Alphabetical Indexes ===
+===Alphabetical Indexes===
 Some indexes might be strictly alphabetical. However, care must be taken as alphabetizing errors can exist.An example is a Mecklenburg, North Carolina will index. See "North Carolina, Probate Records, 1735-1970," images, ''FamilySearch'' [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1-19424-14940-14?cc=1867501&amp;wc=10922148&nbsp;: accessed 02 Jan 2014], Mecklenburg &gt; Wills Index, 1682-1905 &gt; image 11 of 41.
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 Most alphabetical indexes are organized using only the initial letter of the surname, with entries given in chronological order. An example can be found in Allegany County, Maryland will records. In the example, a tabbed index page is given for each pair of alphabetical letters. The first letter of the pair is given on the left page and the second on the right page. See "Maryland, Register of Wills Books, 1629-1999," images, ''FamilySearch'' [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1951-24609-4000-42?cc=1803986&amp;wc=M97S-WJJ:n1758878272&nbsp;: accessed 02 Jan 2014], Allegany &gt; Wills 1790-1850 vol A &gt; image 10 of 379.<br>
-=== Burr Record Index ===
+===Burr Record Index===
 Entries are divided into subgroups under each letter of the alphabet. Surnames that begin with the letter J would appear under the following headings: JAA-JAC, JAE-JAL, JAM-JAP, JAQ-JAY, JE, JI, JOA-JOG, JOH-JOM, JON-JOP, JOR-JOY, JU, JY.
-For an example, see "Maryland, Register of Wills Books, 1629-1999," images, ''FamilySearch ''([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-29677-4925-82 Maryland Register of Wills Records, 1629-1999]&nbsp;: accessed 31 Dec 2013), Talbot &gt; Administration account index (Burr's record index) 1777-1860 vol CRW 1777 &gt; image 20 of 218.
+For an example, see "Maryland, Register of Wills Books, 1629-1999," images, ''FamilySearch ''([https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1803986 Maryland Register of Wills Records, 1629-1999]&nbsp;: accessed 31 Dec 2013), Talbot &gt; Administration account index (Burr's record index) 1777-1860 vol CRW 1777 &gt; image 20 of 218.
-=== Campbell Index ===
+===Campbell Index===
 Names are arranged alphabetically by initial letter of the given name along with the initial letter of the surname. The names Adam Clyde, Alice Crowther, and Andrew Czerny would all appear on the same page in chronological order. A key in front of the index provides the page number for the AC entries.
@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 For an example of a Campbell Index entry sheet, see "Maryland, Register of Wills Books, 1629-1999," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-31544-33393-35?cc=1803986&amp;wc=M97S-4X5:n1309320682&nbsp;: accessed 01 Jan 2014]), Montgomery &gt; General docket index 1930-1953 vol HGC, 1, no 1451-8752 &gt; image 222 of 509.
-=== Cott System Indexes ===
+===Cott System Indexes===
 The Cott Index Company has many indexing systems, but they can be grouped into several groups:
-==== Cott Key Table at Top of Page  ====
+====Cott Key Table at Top of Page====
 A key table appears at the top of every page.<br>
@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-29794-8980-86?cc=2030516&wc=M9QB-8WW:n677125267 An example] from Minnesota land records indexes by the first letter of the surname and the first letter of the given name. See "Minnesota, Itasca County Land Records, 1872-1930," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-29794-8980-86?cc=2030516&amp;wc=M9QB-8WW:n677125267&nbsp;: accessed 01 Jan 2014]), Itasca &gt; General index grantee 1911-1913 vol 12 &gt; image 2 of 313.
-==== Cottco Universal  ====
+====Cottco Universal====
 The alphabet is divided into units. A unit starts with a tab sheet showing the letter or the part of a letter contained in the unit. The unit next contains a sub-index sheet with page references for every combination of letters or commonly occurring surnames. The unit then contains the referenced pages. It is important to note that pages for commonly occurring surnames are allocated after the pages for letter combinations. This means that they occur out of alphabetical order and can be missed when browsing the index without utilizing the sub-indexes.
@@ Line 47: / Line 47: @@
 For [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-195-2577045-1-85?cc=1867501&wc=10921116 an example] of a Cottco Universal Index, see "North Carolina, Probate Records, 1735-1970," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-195-2577045-1-85?cc=1867501&amp;wc=10921116&nbsp;: accessed 06 Jan 2014]), Alamance &gt; Estates Index, 1859-1963, Vol. 01 &gt; image 2 of 255.
-==== Cott Family Name  ====
+====Cott Family Name====
 Family Name indexes have a separate page for each surname. In a Cott Family Name Index, sub-indexes are interspersed throughout the general index. The associated pages of the general index immediately follow each sub-index.
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 For other examples, consult the [http://www.greenvillecounty.org/apps/DirectoryListings/ROD_DirectoryListing/Default.aspx?RecLoc=\\Indexes several indexes] to records from the Greenville County, South Carolina [http://www.greenvillecounty.org/apps/DirectoryListings/ROD_DirectoryListing/Default.aspx register of deeds]. [http://www.greenvillecounty.org/apps/DirectoryListings/ROD_DirectoryListing/Default.aspx?RecLoc=\\Indexes\Federal+Tax+Lien\Ba-Bl&Type=d Federal Tax Lien records] and [http://www.greenvillecounty.org/apps/DirectoryListings/ROD_DirectoryListing/Default.aspx?RecLoc=\\Indexes\Plats&Type=d plat records] are two of these.
-==== Cott Guide Letter  ====
+====Cott Guide Letter====
 A key table provides a page number based on the first letter of the surname combined with the first letter of the given name.
-=== Liber Index ===
+===Liber Index===
 These indexes are organized by the initial letter of the surname and further distinguished by the volume (liber). All "C" surnames are grouped together with those for Volume 1 listed first, followed by Volume 2, etc.
@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 An example can be found in Davidson County, North Carolina death indexes. A volume was kept for each year. Within the year, entries are organized by registration date, not by death date. See "North Carolina, Davidson County Vital Records, 1867-1984," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-267-11662-61295-11?cc=1387049&amp;wc=MMB5-14T:1614561651&nbsp;: accessed 02 Jan 2014]), Index to deaths &gt; 1914-1924, Vol 001 &gt; image 1 of 140.<br>
-=== Page Margin Key Tables  ===
+===Page Margin Key Tables===
 Some indexes have a key table along the page margins. <br>
@@ Line 81: / Line 81: @@
 As an example, to find a record of James Brown, look for the large B printed along the left-edge of the left page. Next to the B, in small type find the letter J and the page number for J. For [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-26593-5065-22?cc=1951443&wc=MMLJ-M1Y:941609297 an example], see "Utah, Cache County Records, 1861-1955," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-26593-5065-22?cc=1951443&amp;wc=MMLJ-M1Y:941609297&nbsp;: accessed 06 Jan 2014]), Land and property records &gt; Grantor index vol 3 1869-1940 &gt; image 40 of 687.<br>
-=== Paul Company Key Table Index ===
+===Paul Company Key Table Index===
 Entries in this index are grouped by the first three letters of the surname, then arranged in chronological order. Accordingly, all entries starting with WAC are grouped together. All entries starting with WAD are in another group. A key table at the front of each volume provides a page reference to each letter group.
@@ Line 87: / Line 87: @@
 [http://aomol.net/000001/000546/pdf/am546--34.pdf An example] key table can be found in [http://aomol.net/000001/000546/html/am546--34.html ''Records of Maryland''] at [http://aomol.net/000001/000546/pdf/am546--34.pdf Link].<br>
-=== Russell Key Index ===
+===Russell Key Index===
 This index is not based on the first letter of the surname. Instead, it is based on key letters (L, M, N, R, and T) that follow the initial letter of the surname. For this reason, is sometimes called the LMNRT or L-M-N-R-T index. Surnames Camp, Chapman, Coffman, and Cushman would appear under the key letter “M;” Carr, Coker, Creecy, and Cubberly would appear under the key letter “R.” First names are arranged alphabetically within each key letter. The entries are then arranged chronologically within each combination of key letter and first name.
@@ Line 95: / Line 95: @@
 There are multiple versions of this system which use different groupings of given name initial letters and from those yield different code numbers. A [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-28782-32030-27 chart for one version is here] and [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-28829-18538-2 another version's chart is here].
-=== Split Column Indexes ===
+===Split Column Indexes===
 Some indexes split a name column to make it easier to scan the page for desired entries.<br>
@@ Line 107: / Line 107: @@
 To use a split-column index, determine which of the columns applies to the entry you are searching for. Then scan that column, ignoring blank entries.
-=== Soundex ===
+===Soundex===
 [[Soundex|Soundex]] is a phonetic index that groups together names that sound alike but are spelled differently, for example, Stewart and Stuart. This helps searchers find names that are spelled differently than originally expected, a relatively common genealogical research problem. For more information, see "[[Soundex|Soundex]]." For an example, see "[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/2043782 New York, Naturalization Index (Soundex), 1792-1906,]" images, ''FamilySearch'' ([http://FamilySearch.org&nbsp;: 2014]); citing NARA microfilm publication M1674.
-=== Vowel Index ===
+===Vowel Index===
 The initial letter is combined with the first vowel of the surname. Surnames Campbell, Chandler, and Craig would be found under the heading “CA.”
@@ Line 117: / Line 117: @@
 For [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1951-24580-27097-34?cc=1920234&wc=M9S9-GSQ:968302868 an example], see "New York, Probate Records, 1629-1971," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1951-24580-27097-34?cc=1920234&amp;wc=M9S9-GSQ:968302868 &nbsp;: accessed 07 Jan 2014]), Oswego &gt; Surrogate record index 1846-1876 &gt; image 9 of 69.<br>
-=== Other Indexes  ===
+===Other Indexes===
 Some indexes don't fit into these categories. For instance, the [[New Hampshire State Vital Records Index|New Hampshire]] vital records are indexed using the first and third letter of the surname.
@@ Line 123: / Line 123: @@
 A [https://ds.familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-39939-4645-85?cc=2141016&wc=MM3D-Z7Q:n1918654638 Hamilton County, Ohio probate index] organizes entries by first letter of surname and first letter of given name. Unlike a Campbell Index, there is no guide sheet at the beginning of the volume. See "Ohio, Hamilton County Records, 1791-1994," images, ''FamilySearch'' ([https://ds.familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-39939-4645-85?cc=2141016&amp;wc=MM3D-Z7Q:n1918654638&nbsp;: accessed 08 Jan 2014]), Probate records &gt; Probated wills index, vol 6, 1920-1938 &gt; image 209 of 296.<br>
-=== Land Indexes ===
+===Land Indexes===
 Person-to-person land transfers are often indexed separately by the surname of the buyer or by the surname of the seller. These records are called by various names. Those indexed by the surname of the ''buyer'' might be referred to as "Grantee," "Reverse," or "Indirect" indexes. Those indexed by the surname of the ''seller'' might be referred to as "Grantor," "Forward," or "Direct" indexes. <br>
-=== Tips for Using Indexes ===
+===Tips for Using Indexes===
 #Introductory pages to a record or a book might explain how the index is arranged and provide a key to abbreviations used.
 #Indexes might appear as a separate record, at the beginning or end of a record, in each volume, or in the initial or final volume only.
 #Don’t assume that the index is complete. Many indexes do not include everyone mentioned. A land index, for instance, might only list the husband, even if the wife is mentioned in the record.
 #Check all possible spelling variations.
 #Check to see if additions or corrections were included in a special section at the end of the index.
 #Don’t stop with the index; examine the original record, if possible.
 #Expect indexing errors to occur.
 #If the person isn’t located in the index, check the record anyway.
-=== References ===
+===References===
-*"Identifying and Using Indexes," ''Maryland State Archives, Guide to Government Records'' ([http://guide.mdsa.net/viewer.cfm?page=using%20indexes : accessed 31 December 2013]).
+*"Identifying and Using Indexes," ''Maryland State Archives, Guide to Government Records'' ([http://guide.mdsa.net/viewer.cfm?page=using%20indexes : accessed 31 December 2013]).
 *Radoff, Morris L., Gust Skordas, and Phebe R. Jacobsen. ''The County Courthouses and Records of Maryland,'' Part Two: The Records, Publication No. 13. Annapolis, Maryland: The Hall of Records Commission, 1963. Available online, [http://aomol.msa.maryland.gov/000001/000546/html/index.html Website]. Accessed 2013.<br>
 *Rose, Christine. ''Courthouse Indexes Illustrated.'' San Jose, California&nbsp;: CR Publications, 2006.
 *Sittner, Kathi. “Documents in Detail: Land Deed Indexes,” ''Ancestry'' 12 (November/December 1994).
 *Sperry, Kip. “The Index: A Tool for the Genealogist,” ''The Genealogical Helper ''30 (January 1976).
 {{U.S. Land and Property}}
-[[Category:United_States_Census_1940|United_States_Census]] [[Category:United_States_Emigration_and_Immigration|United_States_Emigration_and Immigration]] [[Category:United_States_Land_and_Property|United_States_Land_and_Property]]
+[[Category:United States Census 1940|United_States_Census]]
+[[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration|United_States_Emigration_and Immigration]]
+[[Category:United States Land and Property|United_States_Land_and_Property]]