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Brazil Emigration and Immigration (view source)

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There are not many immigration records for Brazil prior to 1808, as Portuguese settlers were not considered immigrants.
There are not many immigration records for Brazil prior to 1808, as Portuguese settlers were not considered immigrants.


== Online Records ==
==Online Records==
 
*[http://www.projetoimigrantes.com.br/ Brazil Immigrants Project (Projeto Imigrantes], ($) index
*[http://www.projetoimigrantes.com.br/ Brazil Immigrants Project (Projeto Imigrantes], ($) index
*[http://200.144.6.120/memoriaimigrante/ Brazil, São Paulo Immigration Memorial (Arquivo Público Do Estado De São Paulo)], index
*[http://200.144.6.120/memoriaimigrante/ Brazil, São Paulo Immigration Memorial (Arquivo Público Do Estado De São Paulo)], index
*{{RecordSearch|1928179|Brazil, Bahia, Passenger Lists, 1855-1964}} at [https://familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — index and images
*{{RecordSearch|1928179|Brazil, Bahia, Passenger Lists, 1855-1964}} at [https://familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — index and images
*{{RecordSearch|1967737| Brazil, São Paulo, Immigrant Hostelry Records, 1882-1925}}, images, no index. Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9929 Ancestry.com], ($), images, no index.  
*{{RecordSearch|1967737| Brazil, São Paulo, Immigrant Hostelry Records, 1882-1925}}, images, no index. Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9929 Ancestry.com], ($), images, no index.
*{{RecordSearch|1932363|Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Immigration Cards, 1900-1965}} at [https://www.familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — index & images
*{{RecordSearch|1932363|Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Immigration Cards, 1900-1965}} at [https://www.familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — index & images
*[http://bases.an.gov.br/rvbndes/Menu_Externo/ Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Immigrant Arrivals, 1875-1910] index
*[http://bases.an.gov.br/rvbndes/Menu_Externo/ Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Immigrant Arrivals, 1875-1910] index
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*{{RecordSearch|2091716|Brazil, São Paulo, Port of Santos, Passenger and Immigrant Lists, 1960-1982}} at [https://www.familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — browsable images
*{{RecordSearch|2091716|Brazil, São Paulo, Port of Santos, Passenger and Immigrant Lists, 1960-1982}} at [https://www.familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — browsable images


== Immigration Trends ==
==Immigration Trends==


*'''1530-1755''' The Portuguese sent prisoners, degredados (exiles) or indesejáveis (undesirables) to Brazil.
*'''1530-1755''' The Portuguese sent prisoners, degredados (exiles) or indesejáveis (undesirables) to Brazil.
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*'''1808''' Brazil opened immigration to individuals from any country.
*'''1808''' Brazil opened immigration to individuals from any country.
*'''1890''' In response to the freeing of the slave population, plantation owners (fazendeiros) created the Sociedade Promotora de Imigração (Society for the Promotion of Emigration) to promote immigration, leading to an increased European immigration to Brazil.
*'''1890''' In response to the freeing of the slave population, plantation owners (fazendeiros) created the Sociedade Promotora de Imigração (Society for the Promotion of Emigration) to promote immigration, leading to an increased European immigration to Brazil.
*'''1808-1940''' Immigrants came from over 50 nations, mainly Portugal, Italy, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Japan, Russia, France, Spain, Turkey, the British Isles, and other South American countries. Many settled in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Rio de Janeiro.  
*'''1808-1940''' Immigrants came from over 50 nations, mainly Portugal, Italy, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Japan, Russia, France, Spain, Turkey, the British Isles, and other South American countries. Many settled in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Rio de Janeiro.
*'''1865-1870s''' Thousands of Southerners from the United States emigrated to Brazil. Most settled in Amazonas, Espírito Santo, and São Paulo, establishing rural colonies. Most of these colonies failed and the settlers returned to the United States.
*'''1865-1870s''' Thousands of Southerners from the United States emigrated to Brazil. Most settled in Amazonas, Espírito Santo, and São Paulo, establishing rural colonies. Most of these colonies failed and the settlers returned to the United States.


== Passenger Lists==
==Passenger Lists==


When migrants arrived or departed from Brazilian ports, they usually used one of the three following ports:
When migrants arrived or departed from Brazilian ports, they usually used one of the three following ports:
*'''Rio de Janeiro''' had its own port. There, migrants were registered through the Agência Central de Imigração (Central Agency for Immigration). Newly arrived immigrants were then taken to the Ilha das Flores (Isle of Flores) and processed at the Casa dos Imigrantes (House of Emigrants).  
 
*'''Rio de Janeiro''' had its own port. There, migrants were registered through the Agência Central de Imigração (Central Agency for Immigration). Newly arrived immigrants were then taken to the Ilha das Flores (Isle of Flores) and processed at the Casa dos Imigrantes (House of Emigrants).
*'''Santos''' was the main port for the city of São Paulo. The port authorities who registered and handled migrants in Brazil were known as the Hospedaria de Imigrantes (Hostelry of Immigrants).
*'''Santos''' was the main port for the city of São Paulo. The port authorities who registered and handled migrants in Brazil were known as the Hospedaria de Imigrantes (Hostelry of Immigrants).
*'''Salvador''' was the main port for the state of Bahia.
*'''Salvador''' was the main port for the state of Bahia.
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The information in passenger lists varies over time but usually includes the emigrants’ names, ages, occupations, and destinations. In addition, relationships and last residences or birthplaces may be given.
The information in passenger lists varies over time but usually includes the emigrants’ names, ages, occupations, and destinations. In addition, relationships and last residences or birthplaces may be given.


=== Records at the Family History Library ===  
===Records at the Family History Library===  
Some passenger lists are available on microfilm at the Family History Library. Perform a [[FamilySearch Catalog Keywords Search|keywords search]] in the [https://familysearch.org/catalog/search FamilySearch Catalog] for '''Brazil passageiros''' to find lists of passengers entering and leaving Brazil.
Some passenger lists are available on microfilm at the Family History Library. Perform a [[FamilySearch Catalog Keywords Search|keywords search]] in the [https://familysearch.org/catalog/search FamilySearch Catalog] for '''Brazil passageiros''' to find lists of passengers entering and leaving Brazil.


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BRAZIL - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
BRAZIL - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION


=== Records at Brazilian Archives ===
===Records at Brazilian Archives===
'''Arquivo Público do Estado da Bahia (Salvador)'''<br>
'''Arquivo Público do Estado da Bahia (Salvador)'''<br>
The "Historical Section" of the Bahia state archive has six volumes of passport records (''passaportes e guias'') from 1718 to 1822 as well as copies of the record of immigrants to the port of Salvador from 1839 to 1854.<br>
The "Historical Section" of the Bahia state archive has six volumes of passport records (''passaportes e guias'') from 1718 to 1822 as well as copies of the record of immigrants to the port of Salvador from 1839 to 1854.<br>
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''For an address of the state and national archives, see [[Brazil Archives and Libraries]].''
''For an address of the state and national archives, see [[Brazil Archives and Libraries]].''


== Immigration Cards ==
==Immigration Cards==
Brazilian consulates around the world issued immigration cards, which were presented at the Brazilian port of entry by foreigners visiting or immigrating to Brazil.
Brazilian consulates around the world issued immigration cards, which were presented at the Brazilian port of entry by foreigners visiting or immigrating to Brazil.


Information on immigration cards may contain the immigrant's name, date of immigration, date and place of birth, nationality, marital status, parents' names, profession/occupation, place of residence in country of origin, names, ages, and genders of children under the age of 18 traveling with the individual, passport number, whether the stay was permanent or temporary.
Information on immigration cards may contain the immigrant's name, date of immigration, date and place of birth, nationality, marital status, parents' names, profession/occupation, place of residence in country of origin, names, ages, and genders of children under the age of 18 traveling with the individual, passport number, whether the stay was permanent or temporary.


=== Records at the Family History Library ===  
===Records at the Family History Library===  
 
*{{FHL|1366174|disp=Brazil, Bahia, Entradas de Immigrantes, 1839-1854}} first of six films. All have been digitized.
*{{FHL|1366174|disp=Brazil, Bahia, Entradas de Immigrantes, 1839-1854}} first of six films. All have been digitized.
*{{FHL|1090236|disp=Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Registro de estrangeiros, 1808–1842}} items 1-3.
*{{FHL|1090236|disp=Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Registro de estrangeiros, 1808–1842}} items 1-3.
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BRAZIL - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION
BRAZIL - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION


=== Records at the Brazilian Archives ===
===Records at the Brazilian Archives===


'''Arquivo Nacional (Rio de Janeiro)'''<br>
'''Arquivo Nacional (Rio de Janeiro)'''<br>
In the Arquivo Nacional (National Archive), in Rio de Janeiro, there is a large collection of immigration records on cards in nearly 30 drawers. These cards have information on Portuguese immigrants to Brazil. The National Archive in Brazil compiled a supplement volumes to this collection:  
In the Arquivo Nacional (National Archive), in Rio de Janeiro, there is a large collection of immigration records on cards in nearly 30 drawers. These cards have information on Portuguese immigrants to Brazil. The National Archive in Brazil compiled a supplement volumes to this collection:  
*''Registro de Estrangeiros e Entradas de Portugueses do Registro de Estrangeiros nas Capitanias, 1777–1819 (Register of the Foreigners and Emigrants from the Portuguese Register of Foreigners in the Captaincies, 1777–1819''). Rio de Janeiro: Arquivo Nacional.  
 
*''Registro de Estrangeiros e Entradas de Portugueses do Registro de Estrangeiros nas Capitanias, 1777–1819 (Register of the Foreigners and Emigrants from the Portuguese Register of Foreigners in the Captaincies, 1777–1819''). Rio de Janeiro: Arquivo Nacional.
 
Another book from the National Archives in Brazil lists emigration records of French residents in Rio de Janeiro:  
Another book from the National Archives in Brazil lists emigration records of French residents in Rio de Janeiro:  
*''Os franceses residentes no Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1820 (The French Residents in Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1820''). Rio de Janeiro: Arquivo Nacional, 1960.
*''Os franceses residentes no Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1820 (The French Residents in Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1820''). Rio de Janeiro: Arquivo Nacional, 1960.
The original records of the Hospedaria de Imigrantes (Hostelry of Immigrants) in Rio de Janeiro are also available, although they have been microfilmed by the Family History Library and include arrival lists, passports, lists of ships, and so on:  
The original records of the Hospedaria de Imigrantes (Hostelry of Immigrants) in Rio de Janeiro are also available, although they have been microfilmed by the Family History Library and include arrival lists, passports, lists of ships, and so on:  
*''Registros de imigrantes (Register of Immigrants''). Arquivo Nacional no Rio de Janeiro, N.p., (1981).
*''Registros de imigrantes (Register of Immigrants''). Arquivo Nacional no Rio de Janeiro, N.p., (1981).


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''For an address of the National Archives, in Rio de Janeiro, see [[Brazil Archives and Libraries]].''
''For an address of the National Archives, in Rio de Janeiro, see [[Brazil Archives and Libraries]].''


== Passports ==
==Passports==


People desiring to leave Brazil were required to obtain passports from the Federal Police (Polícia Federal) in each state capital.  
People desiring to leave Brazil were required to obtain passports from the Federal Police (Polícia Federal) in each state capital.  
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{|  
{|  
|-  
|-  
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:4em"|  
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:4em" |
*Permissions to emigrate (Rio de Janeiro)
*Permissions to emigrate (Rio de Janeiro)
*Probates of relatives who stayed
*Probates of relatives who stayed
*Police records
*Police records
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:1em"|  
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:1em" |
*Passports
*Passports
*Court records
*Court records
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http://www.dpf.gov.br/
http://www.dpf.gov.br/


== Other Sources of Immigration Information ==
==Other Sources of Immigration Information==


You may be able to learn the town your ancestor came from by talking to older family members. Members of your family may have documents that name the city or town, such as:  
You may be able to learn the town your ancestor came from by talking to older family members. Members of your family may have documents that name the city or town, such as:  
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{|  
{|  
|-  
|-  
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:4em"|  
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:4em" |
* Birth, marriage, and death certificates  
*Birth, marriage, and death certificates
*Obituaries
*Obituaries
*Journals
*Journals
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*Letters
*Letters
*Family Bibles
*Family Bibles
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:1em"|  
| style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:1em" |
*Church records
*Church records
*Naturalization applications and petitions
*Naturalization applications and petitions
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Website: http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis
Website: http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis


== Additional Resources ==
==Additional Resources==
The following websites give further information on Brazilian emigration and immigration
The following websites give further information on Brazilian emigration and immigration
*[http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=217 History of immigration from Brazil]
*[http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=217 History of immigration from Brazil]
*[http://www.projetoimigrantes.com.br/ Immigrant Project (in Portuguese)]
*[http://www.projetoimigrantes.com.br/ Immigrant Project (in Portuguese)] Record searches available for a fee.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160917173942/http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com:80/~eubukov/ Emigrants from Bukovina to Paraná (in Portuguese)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160917173942/http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com:80/~eubukov/ Emigrants from Bukovina to Paraná (in Portuguese)]
*[http://www.imigrantesitalianos.com.br Italian Immigrants (in Portuguese)]
*[http://www.imigrantesitalianos.com.br Italian Immigrants (in Portuguese)]
*[http://www.centenario2008.org.br/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 Japanese Immigration to Brazil (in Portuguese)]  
*[http://www.centenario2008.org.br/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 Japanese Immigration to Brazil (in Portuguese)]
*[http://www.apellidositalianos.com.ar/ Italian Surnames (in Spanish)]
*[http://www.apellidositalianos.com.ar/ Italian Surnames (in Spanish)]
*[http://www.confederados.com.br/ Confederates in Brazil]
*[http://www.confederados.com.br/ Confederates in Brazil]


The Family History Library has additional information on Brazilian emigration and immigration. These sources include:
The Family History Library has additional information on Brazilian emigration and immigration. These sources include:
*Bangerter, Lawrence B. ''The Brazilian Compass.''
*Bangerter, Lawrence B. ''The Brazilian Compass.''
**This two volume work includes name of vessel, places of embarkation and debarkation, dates and corresponding Family History Library film numbers for immigration records. Both volumes have been digitized by the Family History Archives at Brigham Young University, and are accessible online. {{FHL|184650|disp=Volume 1}} {{FHL|50329|disp=Volume 2}}
**This two volume work includes name of vessel, places of embarkation and debarkation, dates and corresponding Family History Library film numbers for immigration records. Both volumes have been digitized by the Family History Archives at Brigham Young University, and are accessible online. {{FHL|184650|disp=Volume 1}} {{FHL|50329|disp=Volume 2}}
*''The Confederados: Old South Immigrants in Brazil''. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, c1995. {{FHL|981.61 H2c}}  
*''The Confederados: Old South Immigrants in Brazil''. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, c1995. {{FHL|981.61 H2c}}
*Ferenczi, Imre. ''International Migrations'', volume I: Statistics. Series: The American immigration collection. Series 2, vol. 1. New York: Arno Press and the New York Times, 1970. {{FHL|304.8 F379i}}
*Ferenczi, Imre. ''International Migrations'', volume I: Statistics. Series: The American immigration collection. Series 2, vol. 1. New York: Arno Press and the New York Times, 1970. {{FHL|304.8 F379i}}
*Griggs, William Clark. ''The Elusive Eden: Frank McMullan’s Confederate Colony in Brazil''. Austin: University of Texas Press, c1987. {{FHL|981 F2gw}}
*Griggs, William Clark. ''The Elusive Eden: Frank McMullan’s Confederate Colony in Brazil''. Austin: University of Texas Press, c1987. {{FHL|981 F2gw}}
*Hauschild-Thiessen, Renate. ''Germans in Brazil 1850-1865,'' ''German emigrants to Brazil advertised their whereabouts in Brazil in order to give their relatives an update in the newspaper ''Hamburger Nachrichten.'' The author listed all emigrants who posted such announcements. {{FHL|943 B2gf}}
*Hauschild-Thiessen, Renate. ''Germans in Brazil 1850-1865,'' ''German emigrants to Brazil advertised their whereabouts in Brazil in order to give their relatives an update in the newspaper ''Hamburger Nachrichten.'' The author listed all emigrants who posted such announcements. {{FHL|943 B2gf}}''
*Luetjohann, Roland. Die Ersten deutschen Auswanderer in Brasilien. ''Archiv für Sippenforschung'', 8. Jahrgang, Heft 3.{{FHL|943 B2as|}}Contains names of Swiss (canton Freiburg) and German emigrants (from Helsbach) with date of arrival and circumstances.
*Luetjohann, Roland. Die Ersten deutschen Auswanderer in Brasilien. ''Archiv für Sippenforschung'', 8. Jahrgang, Heft 3.{{FHL|943 B2as|}}Contains names of Swiss (canton Freiburg) and German emigrants (from Helsbach) with date of arrival and circumstances.
*Oliveira, Betty Antunes de. ''Movimento de passageiros norte-americanos no porto do Rio de Janeiro, 1865–1890 (Movement of North American Passengers in the Port of Rio de Janeiro, 1865–1890''). Rio de Janeiro: B. A. de Oliveira, 1982. {{FHL|981.53/R1 W3o}}; {{FHL|1162490}}
*Oliveira, Betty Antunes de. ''Movimento de passageiros norte-americanos no porto do Rio de Janeiro, 1865–1890 (Movement of North American Passengers in the Port of Rio de Janeiro, 1865–1890''). Rio de Janeiro: B. A. de Oliveira, 1982. {{FHL|981.53/R1 W3o}}; {{FHL|1162490}}


== Wiki Articles Describing this Collection ==
==Wiki Articles Describing this Collection==
[[Brazil, Bahia, Passenger Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records]] <br>
[[Brazil, Bahia, Passenger Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records]] <br>
[[Brazil Immigration Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|Brazil Immigration Records - FamilySearch Historical Records]] <br>
[[Brazil Immigration Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|Brazil Immigration Records - FamilySearch Historical Records]] <br>
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[[Brazil, São Paulo, Port of Santos, Passenger and Immigrant Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records]] <br>
[[Brazil, São Paulo, Port of Santos, Passenger and Immigrant Lists - FamilySearch Historical Records]] <br>


[[pt:Brasil Emigração e Imigração]][[es:Emigración e inmigración de Brasil]]<br>  
[[pt:Brasil Emigração e Imigração]]
[[es:Emigración e inmigración de Brasil]]
<br>  


[[Category:Brazil_Emigration_and_Immigration]]
[[Category:Brazil_Emigration_and_Immigration]]
DSGurtler
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