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England Census: Difference between revisions
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{{England-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb | {{England-sidebar}} | ||
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| link1=[[England Genealogy|England]] | | link1=[[England Genealogy|England]] | ||
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== Introduction | ==Introduction== | ||
{{Historical populations | {{Historical populations | ||
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The percentages shown in the chart to the right are the percentage of increase in population since the previous census year. | The percentages shown in the chart to the right are the percentage of increase in population since the previous census year. | ||
== Understanding the Census | ==Understanding the Census== | ||
[[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px]] | [[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px]] | ||
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The dates of each census were as follows: | The dates of each census were as follows: | ||
{| | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellpadding="3" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1841''' – June 6 | |'''1841''' – June 6 | ||
| '''1881''' – April 3 | |'''1881''' – April 3 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1851''' – March 30 | |'''1851''' – March 30 | ||
| '''1891''' – April 5 | |'''1891''' – April 5 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1861''' – April 7 | |'''1861''' – April 7 | ||
| '''1901''' – March 31 | |'''1901''' – March 31 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1871''' – April 2 | |'''1871''' – April 2 | ||
| '''1911''' – April 2 | |'''1911''' – April 2 | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== Pre-1841 Census | ===Pre-1841 Census=== | ||
There are 791 surviving census listings for 1801-1831 created on the parish level.<ref>Wall, Richard, Matthew Woollard, and Beatrice Moring. ''Census schedules and listings, 1801-1831: an introduction and guide''. Colchester: Dept. of History, University of Essex. 2004.</ref> The few surviving pre-1841 censuses generally contain only names of the head-of-household. Consult an archive in your county to determine what may be available, or information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | There are 791 surviving census listings for 1801-1831 created on the parish level.<ref>Wall, Richard, Matthew Woollard, and Beatrice Moring. ''Census schedules and listings, 1801-1831: an introduction and guide''. Colchester: Dept. of History, University of Essex. 2004.</ref> The few surviving pre-1841 censuses generally contain only names of the head-of-household. Consult an archive in your county to determine what may be available, or information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | ||
*The University of Essex, Department of History published an easy to follow PDF file in 2004 entitled "Census Schedules and Listings, 1801-1831: An Introduction and Guide" by Richard Wall, Matthew Woollard and Beatrice Moring. This is now available at two websites: (1) [https://www1.essex.ac.uk/history/documents/research/RT2_Wall_2012.pdf The University of Essex], from which it can be readily downloaded; and (2) [http://www.academia.edu/619532/Census_Schedules_and_Listings_1801-1831_An_Introduction_and_Guide Academia], from which it can be downloaded by those who first sign up to enroll in Academia. The 151-page guide includes a county-by-county catalogue of the surviving name lists that have been found for the English censuses from 1801-1831, including '''all''' those listed in the following work by Chapman. | *The University of Essex, Department of History published an easy to follow PDF file in 2004 entitled "Census Schedules and Listings, 1801-1831: An Introduction and Guide" by Richard Wall, Matthew Woollard and Beatrice Moring. This is now available at two websites: (1) [https://www1.essex.ac.uk/history/documents/research/RT2_Wall_2012.pdf The University of Essex], from which it can be readily downloaded; and (2) [http://www.academia.edu/619532/Census_Schedules_and_Listings_1801-1831_An_Introduction_and_Guide Academia], from which it can be downloaded by those who first sign up to enroll in Academia. The 151-page guide includes a county-by-county catalogue of the surviving name lists that have been found for the English censuses from 1801-1831, including '''all''' those listed in the following work by Chapman. | ||
*Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book {{FHL|825423|title-id|disp=942 X27cc, 1998}}) | *Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book {{FHL|825423|title-id|disp=942 X27cc, 1998}}) | ||
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There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | ||
=== Census Headings === | ===Census Headings=== | ||
The links below show the form layouts and the column headings on each census form. The headings listed the questions asked on each census (in PDF format). Also, Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | The links below show the form layouts and the column headings on each census form. The headings listed the questions asked on each census (in PDF format). Also, Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | ||
*[[Media: | |||
*[[Media: | *[[Media:1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]] | ||
*[[Media: | *[[Media:1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]] | ||
*[[Media: | *[[Media:1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]] | ||
*[[Media:1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]] | |||
[[File:1841 British Census.jpg|thumb|An example of an 1841 census record]] | [[File:1841 British Census.jpg|thumb|An example of an 1841 census record]] | ||
=== 1841 | ===1841=== | ||
*City or borough, parish or township | *City or borough, parish or township | ||
*Place (street and house information) | *Place (street and house information) | ||
*Name of each member of the household (who stayed in the household the previous night) | *Name of each member of the household (who stayed in the household the previous night) | ||
*Sex/gender | *Sex/gender | ||
*Age (for adults 15 and up, the age was rounded down to the lower multiple of 5) | *Age (for adults 15 and up, the age was rounded down to the lower multiple of 5) | ||
*Occupation | *Occupation | ||
*Whether or not the individual was born in the county in which they were living. (If it is ‘yes’ , it is noted with “Y” and for ‘no’ it is noted with “N”.) | *Whether or not the individual was born in the county in which they were living. (If it is ‘yes’ , it is noted with “Y” and for ‘no’ it is noted with “N”.) | ||
*A column indicating if born out of the country, i.e. “S” for Scotland; “I” for Ireland | *A column indicating if born out of the country, i.e. “S” for Scotland; “I” for Ireland | ||
[[Image:1861 British Census.jpg|right|350px|An example of a 1861 census record]] | [[Image:1861 British Census.jpg|right|350px|An example of a 1861 census record]] | ||
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This census was conducted by the Registrar General and has the identifying marks of "HO" which stands for 'Home Office'. The returns were sorted and copied into enumerator's books in the format seen today in the digitized online records. | This census was conducted by the Registrar General and has the identifying marks of "HO" which stands for 'Home Office'. The returns were sorted and copied into enumerator's books in the format seen today in the digitized online records. | ||
=== 1851 to 1901 | ===1851 to 1901=== | ||
*Parish or township, ecclesiastical district, city or borough, town or village | *Parish or township, ecclesiastical district, city or borough, town or village | ||
*Place (house number, street and address information) | *Place (house number, street and address information) | ||
*Name of each member of the household (on the night of the official census date) | *Name of each member of the household (on the night of the official census date) | ||
*Relationship to the head of the household | *Relationship to the head of the household | ||
*Condition (marital status) | *Condition (marital status) | ||
*Sex/gender | *Sex/gender | ||
*Age | *Age | ||
*Occupation | *Occupation | ||
*Parish and county of birth (except foreign births, which usually gave country only) | *Parish and county of birth (except foreign births, which usually gave country only) | ||
*The 1851 and 1861 censuses list whether a person was "blind, deaf, or idiot." | *The 1851 and 1861 censuses list whether a person was "blind, deaf, or idiot." | ||
*The 1871 and 1881 censuses list whether a person was considered "deaf & dumb, blind, imbecile or idiot, or lunatic." | *The 1871 and 1881 censuses list whether a person was considered "deaf & dumb, blind, imbecile or idiot, or lunatic." | ||
*The 1891 census added the number of rooms (if less than 5) that the family occupied. | *The 1891 census added the number of rooms (if less than 5) that the family occupied. | ||
*The 1891 and 1901 censuses list whether the person was an employer, employee, or neither. | *The 1891 and 1901 censuses list whether the person was an employer, employee, or neither. | ||
1851: An additional census was taken of places of worship in 1851. This was a voluntary census; most places of worship participated. More information about the census can be accessed [[1851 Census Places of Worship | here]]. Additionally, this guide from The National Archives provides a better understand of the Ecclesiastical Census of 1851. [http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/methdism/rc1851/index.htm Further information on this census is provided by F. Coakley] | 1851: An additional census was taken of places of worship in 1851. This was a voluntary census; most places of worship participated. More information about the census can be accessed [[1851 Census Places of Worship | here]]. Additionally, this guide from The National Archives provides a better understand of the Ecclesiastical Census of 1851. [http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/methdism/rc1851/index.htm Further information on this census is provided by F. Coakley] | ||
=== 1911 | ===1911=== | ||
*Name of each member of the household (living in the household on the night of the official census date) | *Name of each member of the household (living in the household on the night of the official census date) | ||
*Relationship to the head of the household | *Relationship to the head of the household | ||
*Age at last birthday | *Age at last birthday | ||
*Sex/gender | *Sex/gender | ||
*Particulars as to Marriage including: | *Particulars as to Marriage including: | ||
**Marital condition/status | **Marital condition/status | ||
**Completed years the present marriage has lasted | **Completed years the present marriage has lasted | ||
**Total (number of) children born alive | **Total (number of) children born alive | ||
**Children (number of) still living | **Children (number of) still living | ||
**Children (number of) who have died | **Children (number of) who have died | ||
*Particulars as to Profession including: | *Particulars as to Profession including: | ||
**Profession or Occupation | **Profession or Occupation | ||
**Industry or service of work | **Industry or service of work | ||
**Whether an employer, worker, or working on own account | **Whether an employer, worker, or working on own account | ||
**Whether working at home | **Whether working at home | ||
*Parish and county of birth (foreign born only include birth country) | *Parish and county of birth (foreign born only include birth country) | ||
*Nationality of every person born in a foreign country | *Nationality of every person born in a foreign country | ||
*Lists whether a person was "totally deaf, deaf and dumb, totally blind, lunatic, imbecile, or feeble-mined" | *Lists whether a person was "totally deaf, deaf and dumb, totally blind, lunatic, imbecile, or feeble-mined" | ||
*If able to speak in English, Welsh, or both | *If able to speak in English, Welsh, or both | ||
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*Postal address | *Postal address | ||
=== 1921 | ===1921=== | ||
A census was held in 1921 which will be released to the public in 2022. Additional questions, besides what was asked in the 1911 census, include giving age in years and month, people born abroad giving a country and province, whether children were orphaned, whether previously divorced, and whether attending school. | A census was held in 1921 which will be released to the public in 2022. Additional questions, besides what was asked in the 1911 census, include giving age in years and month, people born abroad giving a country and province, whether children were orphaned, whether previously divorced, and whether attending school. | ||
=== 1931 | ===1931=== | ||
A census was held in 1931 which unfortunately was destroyed in 1942 due to a fire unrelated to the war. However records from Scotland have survived. | A census was held in 1931 which unfortunately was destroyed in 1942 due to a fire unrelated to the war. However records from Scotland have survived. | ||
=== The 1939 Register | ===The 1939 Register=== | ||
In 2015 FindMyPast released the 1939 register to the public. It was a registration of the population of England on September 29th, 1939, taken for administrative purposes due to the outbreak of World War II. <br> This Register was to be a critical tool in coordinating the war effort at home. It would be used to issue identity cards, organize rationing and more. <br> | In 2015 FindMyPast released the 1939 register to the public. It was a registration of the population of England on September 29th, 1939, taken for administrative purposes due to the outbreak of World War II. <br> This Register was to be a critical tool in coordinating the war effort at home. It would be used to issue identity cards, organize rationing and more. <br> | ||
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The register is particularly significant due to it being 76 years old, less than the usual 100 year limit, and the fact that no census survives for 1931 and none was taken in 1941. <br> | The register is particularly significant due to it being 76 years old, less than the usual 100 year limit, and the fact that no census survives for 1931 and none was taken in 1941. <br> | ||
*[http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register/1939-register-getting-started How-to Video for 1939 Register] | *[http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register/1939-register-getting-started How-to Video for 1939 Register] | ||
*[http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register?utm_source=fmp&utm_content=636597&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=news Search Engine for 1939 Register], ($), index and images. | *[http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register?utm_source=fmp&utm_content=636597&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=news Search Engine for 1939 Register], ($), index and images. | ||
=== Missing Records === | ===Missing Records=== | ||
Various parts of the England, Wales, and Scotland census returns from 1841 to 1911 are incomplete and have pieces missing. FindMyPast has identified the known gaps by census year, nation, county, and village or parish in an article entitled "[http://www.findmypast.com/articles/census-for-england-wales-and-scotland-missing-pieces Census for England, Wales and Scotland: missing pieces]". Also click [[Lost or Missing England Census Records | here]] for a wiki list of lost or missing census records in England 1841-1901. | Various parts of the England, Wales, and Scotland census returns from 1841 to 1911 are incomplete and have pieces missing. FindMyPast has identified the known gaps by census year, nation, county, and village or parish in an article entitled "[http://www.findmypast.com/articles/census-for-england-wales-and-scotland-missing-pieces Census for England, Wales and Scotland: missing pieces]". Also click [[Lost or Missing England Census Records | here]] for a wiki list of lost or missing census records in England 1841-1901. | ||
== Accessing Census Records | ==Accessing Census Records== | ||
[[Image:Osmotherley1.jpg|right|200px|Osmotherley1.jpg]] The 1841-1911 censuses are all indexed and the images available online. They can be searched by name, age, birthplace, locality, and household member. The easiest way to locate census records is to search by name. If this fails, search by place or as a last resort browse through the images manually. | [[Image:Osmotherley1.jpg|right|200px|Osmotherley1.jpg]] The 1841-1911 censuses are all indexed and the images available online. They can be searched by name, age, birthplace, locality, and household member. The easiest way to locate census records is to search by name. If this fails, search by place or as a last resort browse through the images manually. | ||
==== Online | ====Online==== | ||
Several websites have now published online many of the census indexes and records from 1841-1911. Each site has transcribed the census independently. Since the records are often hard to read, there will be errors. Try searching across multiple sites if you can't find the name you seek. | Several websites have now published online many of the census indexes and records from 1841-1911. Each site has transcribed the census independently. Since the records are often hard to read, there will be errors. Try searching across multiple sites if you can't find the name you seek. | ||
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{| width="600" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | {| width="600" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [https://familysearch.org/search/collection/list#page=1®ion=UNITED_KINGDOM_IRELAND www.familysearch.org] | |[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/list#page=1®ion=UNITED_KINGDOM_IRELAND www.familysearch.org] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;"> 1841-1911</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;"> 1841-1911</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Complete Index. Images available on site or through Partners ($)</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Complete Index. Images available on site or through Partners ($)</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [https://search.ancestry.com/search/group/ukicen www.ancestry.com] | |[https://search.ancestry.com/search/group/ukicen www.ancestry.com] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records-in-census-land-and-substitutes www.findmypast.com] | |[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records-in-census-land-and-substitutes www.findmypast.com] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [https://www.myheritage.com/research/category-1200/uk-ireland-census www.myheritage.com] | |[https://www.myheritage.com/research/category-1200/uk-ireland-census www.myheritage.com] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [http://www.thegenealogist.co.uk www.thegenealogist.co.uk] | |[http://www.thegenealogist.co.uk www.thegenealogist.co.uk] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">($) 1841-1911</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Index & images</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/Census.html www.genuki.org.uk] | |[http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/Census.html www.genuki.org.uk] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">(free)</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">(free)</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Links to indexes</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Links to indexes</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [http://www.censusfinder.com/ www.censusfinder.com] | |[http://www.censusfinder.com/ www.censusfinder.com] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">(free)</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">(free)</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Transcripts of some England census records</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Transcripts of some England census records</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [http://www.freecen.org.uk/ www.freecen.org.uk] | |[http://www.freecen.org.uk/ www.freecen.org.uk] | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">(free) 1841-1891</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">(free) 1841-1891</span> | ||
| <span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Transcripts of some England census records</span> | |<span style="line-height: 19.92px;">Transcripts of some England census records</span> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Ancestry.com, FindMyPast.com, and MyHeritage.com are all subscription sites but can be accessed for free at the Family History Library, at various Family History Centers, and through FamilySearch Partner Access. Click [[England, Using Ancestry.com and Ancestry.co.uk for English Research | here ]] for a wiki article on how best to search for census records on Ancestry.com. | Ancestry.com, FindMyPast.com, and MyHeritage.com are all subscription sites but can be accessed for free at the Family History Library, at various Family History Centers, and through FamilySearch Partner Access. Click [[England, Using Ancestry.com and Ancestry.co.uk for English Research | here]] for a wiki article on how best to search for census records on Ancestry.com. | ||
==== Smaller Local Indexes at the Family History Library | ====Smaller Local Indexes at the Family History Library==== | ||
In addition to the nationwide census surname indexes, there are many smaller surname indexes, created by individuals and family history societies in England, that cover specific counties, districts ;or parishes. The following links will direct you to pages that show these smaller surname indexes for each county, and which ;are found in the [[Family History Library]]'s collection. | In addition to the nationwide census surname indexes, there are many smaller surname indexes, created by individuals and family history societies in England, that cover specific counties, districts ;or parishes. The following links will direct you to pages that show these smaller surname indexes for each county, and which ;are found in the [[Family History Library]]'s collection. | ||
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{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 100%;" | {| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 100%;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Bedfordshire Census Surname Index|Bedfordshire Indexes]] | |[[Bedfordshire Census Surname Index|Bedfordshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Berkshire Census Surname Index|Berkshire Indexes]] | |[[Berkshire Census Surname Index|Berkshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Buckinghamshire Census Surname Index|Buckinghamshire Indexes]] | |[[Buckinghamshire Census Surname Index|Buckinghamshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Cambridgeshire Census Surname Index|Cambridgeshire Indexes]] | |[[Cambridgeshire Census Surname Index|Cambridgeshire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Cheshire Census Surname Index|Cheshire Indexes]] | |[[Cheshire Census Surname Index|Cheshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Cornwall Census Surname Index|Cornwall Indexes]] | |[[Cornwall Census Surname Index|Cornwall Indexes]] | ||
| [[Cumberland Census Surname Index|Cumberland Indexes]] | |[[Cumberland Census Surname Index|Cumberland Indexes]] | ||
| [[Derbyshire Census Surname Index|Derbyshire Indexes]] | |[[Derbyshire Census Surname Index|Derbyshire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Devon Census Surname Index|Devon Indexes]] | |[[Devon Census Surname Index|Devon Indexes]] | ||
| [[Dorset Census Surname Index|Dorset Indexes]] | |[[Dorset Census Surname Index|Dorset Indexes]] | ||
| [[Durham Census Surname Index|Durham Indexes]] | |[[Durham Census Surname Index|Durham Indexes]] | ||
| [[Essex Census Surname Index|Essex Indexes]] | |[[Essex Census Surname Index|Essex Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Gloucestershire Census Surname Index|Gloucestershire Indexes]] | |[[Gloucestershire Census Surname Index|Gloucestershire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Hampshire Census Surname Index|Hampshire Indexes]] | |[[Hampshire Census Surname Index|Hampshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Herefordshire Census Surname Index|Herefordshire Indexes]] | |[[Herefordshire Census Surname Index|Herefordshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Hertfordshire Census Surname Index|Hertfordshire Indexes]] | |[[Hertfordshire Census Surname Index|Hertfordshire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Huntingdonshire Census Surname Index|Huntingdonshire Indexes]] | |[[Huntingdonshire Census Surname Index|Huntingdonshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Kent Census Surname Index|Kent Indexes]] | |[[Kent Census Surname Index|Kent Indexes]] | ||
| [[Lancashire Census Surname Index|Lancashire Indexes]] | |[[Lancashire Census Surname Index|Lancashire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Leicestershire Census Surname Index|Leicestershire Indexes]] | |[[Leicestershire Census Surname Index|Leicestershire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Lincolnshire Census Surname Index|Lincolnshire Indexes]] | |[[Lincolnshire Census Surname Index|Lincolnshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[London and Middlesex Census Surname Indexes at the Family History Library|London Indexes]] | |[[London and Middlesex Census Surname Indexes at the Family History Library|London Indexes]] | ||
| [[London and Middlesex Census Surname Indexes at the Family History Library|Middlesex Indexes]] | |[[London and Middlesex Census Surname Indexes at the Family History Library|Middlesex Indexes]] | ||
| [[Norfolk Census Surname Index|Norfolk Indexes]] | |[[Norfolk Census Surname Index|Norfolk Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Northamptonshire Census Surname Index|Northamptonshire Indexes]] | |[[Northamptonshire Census Surname Index|Northamptonshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Northumberland Census Surname Index|Northumberland Indexes]] | |[[Northumberland Census Surname Index|Northumberland Indexes]] | ||
| [[Nottinghamshire Census Surname Index|Nottinghamshire Indexes]] | |[[Nottinghamshire Census Surname Index|Nottinghamshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Oxfordshire Census Surname Index|Oxfordshire Indexes]] | |[[Oxfordshire Census Surname Index|Oxfordshire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Rutland Census Surname Index|Rutland Indexes]] | |[[Rutland Census Surname Index|Rutland Indexes]] | ||
| [[Shropshire Census Surname Index|Shropshire Indexes]] | |[[Shropshire Census Surname Index|Shropshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Somerset Census Surname Index|Somerset Indexes]] | |[[Somerset Census Surname Index|Somerset Indexes]] | ||
| [[Staffordshire Census Surname Index|Staffordshire Indexes]] | |[[Staffordshire Census Surname Index|Staffordshire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Suffolk Census Surname Index|Suffolk Indexes]] | |[[Suffolk Census Surname Index|Suffolk Indexes]] | ||
| [[Surrey Census Surname Index|Surrey Indexes]] | |[[Surrey Census Surname Index|Surrey Indexes]] | ||
| [[Sussex Census Surname Index|Sussex Indexes]] | |[[Sussex Census Surname Index|Sussex Indexes]] | ||
| [[Warwickshire Census Surname Index|Warwickshire Indexes]] | |[[Warwickshire Census Surname Index|Warwickshire Indexes]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Westmoreland Census Surname Index|Westmoreland Indexes]] | |[[Westmoreland Census Surname Index|Westmoreland Indexes]] | ||
| [[Wiltshire Census Surname Indexes at the Family History Library|Wiltshire Indexes]] | |[[Wiltshire Census Surname Indexes at the Family History Library|Wiltshire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Worcestershire Census Surname Index|Worcestershire Indexes]] | |[[Worcestershire Census Surname Index|Worcestershire Indexes]] | ||
| [[Yorkshire Census Surname Index|Yorkshire Indexes]] | |[[Yorkshire Census Surname Index|Yorkshire Indexes]] | ||
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<br> Learn more effective search features in FamilySearch see [http://britishheritage4um.blogspot.com/2011/08/ten-powerful-search-features-in.html '''''Ten Powerful Search Features in the FamilySearch.org Search Engine''''']<ref>For more details about each website, see [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|England Census Records and Indexes Online]]</ref> | <br> Learn more effective search features in FamilySearch see [http://britishheritage4um.blogspot.com/2011/08/ten-powerful-search-features-in.html '''''Ten Powerful Search Features in the FamilySearch.org Search Engine''''']<ref>For more details about each website, see [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|England Census Records and Indexes Online]]</ref> | ||
== Advice for using Census Records | ==Advice for using Census Records== | ||
==== Important Searching Points | ====Important Searching Points==== | ||
A number of items need to be considered while searching census records for family members: | A number of items need to be considered while searching census records for family members: | ||
#Names may be misspelled – both Christian and surnames could have variant spellings. | #Names may be misspelled – both Christian and surnames could have variant spellings. | ||
#Ages and birthplaces may not be accurate – consider who was reporting the information. | #Ages and birthplaces may not be accurate – consider who was reporting the information. | ||
#Relationships may not be expressed in terms understood today – regionally and historically “in law” and “step” are terms that have different meanings. | #Relationships may not be expressed in terms understood today – regionally and historically “in law” and “step” are terms that have different meanings. | ||
#Jurisdictions changed – as population grew and shifted, jurisdictions changed. | #Jurisdictions changed – as population grew and shifted, jurisdictions changed. | ||
#People may not be where they are expected – a disaster or plague may have forced a family to move. | #People may not be where they are expected – a disaster or plague may have forced a family to move. | ||
#Pages may be unreadable (either illegible, torn, smeared, or faded) – use “zoom” and other enhancements on digital copiers. | #Pages may be unreadable (either illegible, torn, smeared, or faded) – use “zoom” and other enhancements on digital copiers. | ||
#Indexes may be incomplete or incorrect – indexers were not always accurate.<br> | #Indexes may be incomplete or incorrect – indexers were not always accurate.<br> | ||
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[http://www.worldthroughthelens.com/family-history/old-occupations.php Here] is a list of obscure occupations listed in the 1841-1911 censuses.<br> | [http://www.worldthroughthelens.com/family-history/old-occupations.php Here] is a list of obscure occupations listed in the 1841-1911 censuses.<br> | ||
==== Searching Tips | ====Searching Tips==== | ||
Here are some tips for searching in online indexes: | Here are some tips for searching in online indexes: | ||
:*Use [https://www.lifewire.com/web-search-tricks-to-know-4046148 wildcards]. | :*Use [https://www.lifewire.com/web-search-tricks-to-know-4046148 wildcards]. | ||
:*Try different spelling variations for first names and surnames or even just try the first letter. | :*Try different spelling variations for first names and surnames or even just try the first letter. | ||
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:*Consider using street addresses to locate people in the census. A relative may be living at a previous or future address. | :*Consider using street addresses to locate people in the census. A relative may be living at a previous or future address. | ||
==== Worksheets | ====Worksheets==== | ||
A generic '''[[Media:British Census Form.pdf|census worksheet]]''' can be used to record information found in all census records. Or, forms for specific census years are available at Ancestry.com: | |||
:*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1841.pdf 1841 Census Form] (PDF) | |||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1851.pdf 1851 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1861.pdf 1861 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1871.pdf 1871 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1881.pdf 1881 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1891.pdf 1891 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1901.pdf 1901 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | :*[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1911.pdf 1911 Census Form] (PDF) | ||
:*[https:// | |||
==== Jurisdictions ==== | ====Jurisdictions==== | ||
To help find census records and to locate where your ancestors lived on a map, it is important to understand the jurisdictions and administrative systems of the census. Visit [http://maps.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch Maps] to learn more about the jurisdictions of England in 1851. | To help find census records and to locate where your ancestors lived on a map, it is important to understand the jurisdictions and administrative systems of the census. Visit [http://maps.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch Maps] to learn more about the jurisdictions of England in 1851. | ||
For example, in 1841, records were arranged primarily by civil parish, then by a sub-registration district, then an enumeration district. | For example, in 1841, records were arranged primarily by civil parish, then by a sub-registration district, then an enumeration district. | ||
== Online Tutorials | ==Online Tutorials== | ||
{{Online course badge | {{Online course badge | ||
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*[https://familysearch.org/ask/learningViewer/497 '''England and Wales Census Records 1841-1911 Indexes'''] | *[https://familysearch.org/ask/learningViewer/497 '''England and Wales Census Records 1841-1911 Indexes'''] | ||
== Statistical Data Gathered from the Census | ==Statistical Data Gathered from the Census== | ||
There is statistical data available for every census year from 1801 to 1931 on [[Online Historical Population Reports | Histpop - the Online Historical Population Reports (OHPR)]] website. The statistical data records the number of houses, families, people, and other statistical data for every parish in England. It allows one to see the growth of parishes and regions from census year to census year. | There is statistical data available for every census year from 1801 to 1931 on [[Online Historical Population Reports | Histpop - the Online Historical Population Reports (OHPR)]] website. The statistical data records the number of houses, families, people, and other statistical data for every parish in England. It allows one to see the growth of parishes and regions from census year to census year. | ||
== References | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||