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{{Scotland-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb | {{Scotland-sidebar}} | ||
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| link1=[[Scotland Genealogy|Scotland]] | | link1=[[Scotland Genealogy|Scotland]] | ||
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== Quick Links == | ==Quick Links== | ||
*[http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ Scotlands'''People'''], index, images, free index, pay per view ($) | *[http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ Scotlands'''People'''], index, images, free index, pay per view ($) | ||
*{{RecordSearch|2016000| Scotland Census, 1841}}, no images. Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10322/1841-scotland-census-extract?s=218489221 MyHeritage], index, ($). Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1841-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1004 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | *{{RecordSearch|2016000| Scotland Census, 1841}}, no images. Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10322/1841-scotland-census-extract?s=218489221 MyHeritage], index, ($). Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1841-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1004 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | ||
*{{RecordSearch|2028673| Scotland Census, 1851}}, no images. Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10323/1851-scotland-census-extract?s=218489221 MyHeritage], index, ($). Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1851-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1076 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | *{{RecordSearch|2028673| Scotland Census, 1851}}, no images. Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10323/1851-scotland-census-extract?s=218489221 MyHeritage], index, ($). Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1851-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1076 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | ||
*{{RecordSearch|2028677| Scotland Census, 1861}}, no images. Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10324/1861-scotland-census-extract?s=218489221], index, ($). Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1861-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1080 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | *{{RecordSearch|2028677| Scotland Census, 1861}}, no images. Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10324/1861-scotland-census-extract?s=218489221 MyHeritage], index, ($). Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1861-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1080 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | ||
*{{RecordSearch|2028678| Scotland Census, 1871}}, no images. Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1871-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1104 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | *{{RecordSearch|2028678| Scotland Census, 1871}}, no images. Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1871-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1104 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | ||
*{{RecordSearch|2046756| Scotland Census, 1881}}, no images. Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1881-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1119 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | *{{RecordSearch|2046756| Scotland Census, 1881}}, no images. Also at [http://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/1881-england-wales-and-scotland-census FindMyPast], index, ($). Also at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1119 Ancestry.com], index, ($). | ||
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*[http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ Scotland Census, 1911], index and images, ($). | *[http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ Scotland Census, 1911], index and images, ($). | ||
== Introduction == | ==Introduction== | ||
A census is a statistical count and description of the population of a country taken for the purpose of accurate government representation, tax collection, and military purposes. Census records are a valuable source of genealogical information for Scotland because they list names, relationships, ages, places of birth, and marital statuses. <br> | A census is a statistical count and description of the population of a country taken for the purpose of accurate government representation, tax collection, and military purposes. Census records are a valuable source of genealogical information for Scotland because they list names, relationships, ages, places of birth, and marital statuses. <br> | ||
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Although the 1841 census is of great genealogical value, it has some limitations. The census did not list relationships, marital status, or birth county and ages were rounded. The 1851 and subsequent censuses provide more detailed and accurate information, making it easier to find family members. | Although the 1841 census is of great genealogical value, it has some limitations. The census did not list relationships, marital status, or birth county and ages were rounded. The 1851 and subsequent censuses provide more detailed and accurate information, making it easier to find family members. | ||
== Understanding the Census | ==Understanding the Census== | ||
{| style="float:right" | {| style="float:right" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
[[Image:Oban Bothy - geograph.org.uk - 1047718.jpg|right|350x250px]] | [[Image:Oban Bothy - geograph.org.uk - 1047718.jpg|right|350x250px]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
With each census in Scotland, pre-printed forms (known as schedules) were used. Census takers (enumerators) would hand these forms to the head of household, who would then fill out the form for their family. They were instructed to list only those persons who spent the night in the household when the census was taken. Therefore, people who were traveling, at boarding schools, or working away from home were not listed with the family, but were listed where they spent that night. For example, night watchmen are often listed at their employer’s business address rather than with their families. After the head of household filled out the form, the enumerator would copy this data into census books for the parish or registration district. As a result, names are spelled as the family spelled them at the time. | With each census in Scotland, pre-printed forms (known as schedules) were used. Census takers (enumerators) would hand these forms to the head of household, who would then fill out the form for their family. They were instructed to list only those persons who spent the night in the household when the census was taken. Therefore, people who were traveling, at boarding schools, or working away from home were not listed with the family, but were listed where they spent that night. For example, night watchmen are often listed at their employer’s business address rather than with their families. After the head of household filled out the form, the enumerator would copy this data into census books for the parish or registration district. As a result, names are spelled as the family spelled them at the time. | ||
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{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 250px; height: 179px;" | {| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 250px; height: 179px;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1841''' – 6 June | |'''1841''' – 6 June | ||
| '''1881''' – 3 April | |'''1881''' – 3 April | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1851''' – 30 March | |'''1851''' – 30 March | ||
| '''1891''' – 5 April | |'''1891''' – 5 April | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1861''' – 7 April | |'''1861''' – 7 April | ||
| '''1901''' – 31 March | |'''1901''' – 31 March | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''1871''' – 2 April | |'''1871''' – 2 April | ||
| '''1911''' – 2 April | |'''1911''' – 2 April | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Census Content | ==Census Content== | ||
You will find the following information in censuses: | You will find the following information in censuses: | ||
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'''1841'''<br> | '''1841'''<br> | ||
The 1841 census was taken on 7 June 1841. It lists each member of every household with:<BR> | The 1841 census was taken on 7 June 1841. It lists each member of every household with:<BR> | ||
*name | *name | ||
*sex | *sex | ||
*address | *address | ||
*occupation | *occupation | ||
*whether or not they were born in the county | *whether or not they were born in the county | ||
*The census takers usually rounded the ages of those over fifteen down to a multiple of five years. For example, someone who was actually fifty-nine would be listed as fifty-five. <br><br> | *The census takers usually rounded the ages of those over fifteen down to a multiple of five years. For example, someone who was actually fifty-nine would be listed as fifty-five. <br><br> | ||
'''1851 and Later'''<br> | '''1851 and Later'''<br> | ||
These censuses list the: | These censuses list the: | ||
*names | *names | ||
*ages | *ages | ||
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*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1841-census 1841 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1841-census 1841 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1851-census 1851 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1851-census 1851 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1861-census 1861 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1861-census 1861 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1871-census 1871 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1871-census 1871 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1881-census 1881 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1881-census 1881 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1891-census 1891 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1891-census 1891 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1901-census 1901 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1901-census 1901 Census] | ||
*[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1911-census 1911 Census] | *[https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/1911-census 1911 Census] | ||
This generic [[Media: | This generic [[Media:British Census Form.pdf|census worksheet]] can be used to record <u>most</u> of the information found in various Scotland census records.<br><br> | ||
'''Missing Censuses''' | '''Missing Censuses''' | ||
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Various parts of the England, Wales, and Scotland census returns from 1841 to 1911 are incomplete and have pieces missing. FindMyPast has identified the known gaps by census year, nation, county, and village or parish in [http://www.findmypast.com/articles/census-for-england-wales-and-scotland-missing-pieces Census for England, Wales and Scotland: missing pieces]. | Various parts of the England, Wales, and Scotland census returns from 1841 to 1911 are incomplete and have pieces missing. FindMyPast has identified the known gaps by census year, nation, county, and village or parish in [http://www.findmypast.com/articles/census-for-england-wales-and-scotland-missing-pieces Census for England, Wales and Scotland: missing pieces]. | ||
== Accessing Scotland Census Records | ==Accessing Scotland Census Records== | ||
=== 1801-1831 === | ===1801-1831=== | ||
The ScotlandsPeople Centre holds transcripts and photocopies of the existing pre-1841 (1801-1831) census records and other early population records. See the [https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/pre-1841-census-records Pre-1841 Census Records Research Guide] on the National Records of Scotland website to learn more. | The ScotlandsPeople Centre holds transcripts and photocopies of the existing pre-1841 (1801-1831) census records and other early population records. See the [https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/guides/census-records/pre-1841-census-records Pre-1841 Census Records Research Guide] on the National Records of Scotland website to learn more. | ||
==== | ====Pre 1841 Statistical Data==== | ||
There are statistical charts available for the 1801, 1811, 1821, and 1831 Scotland censuses. The government gathered statistical data to see the economy of the people. The data listed occupations, housing, and populations for every parish in Scotland. It also noted changes from the previous census and reasons for those changes. See the [[Online Historical Population Reports]] wiki page to learn more. | There are statistical charts available for the 1801, 1811, 1821, and 1831 Scotland censuses. The government gathered statistical data to see the economy of the people. The data listed occupations, housing, and populations for every parish in Scotland. It also noted changes from the previous census and reasons for those changes. See the [[Online Historical Population Reports]] wiki page to learn more. | ||
=== 1841-1911 === | ===1841-1911=== | ||
==== Online ==== | ====Online==== | ||
The only website with all censuses between 1841 and 1911 is [https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ ScotlandsPeople] ($). [https://www.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch] has the censuses between 1841 and 1901. [https://www.ancestry.com/ Ancestry] ($) and [https://www.findmypast.com/ FindMyPast] ($) have the censuses between 1841 and 1901. Only ScotlandsPeople has both the indexes and the images for each census; the other three websites only have the indexes. | The only website with all censuses between 1841 and 1911 is [https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ ScotlandsPeople] ($). [https://www.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch] has the censuses between 1841 and 1901. [https://www.ancestry.com/ Ancestry] ($) and [https://www.findmypast.com/ FindMyPast] ($) have the censuses between 1841 and 1901. Only ScotlandsPeople has both the indexes and the images for each census; the other three websites only have the indexes. | ||
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[https://www.freecen.org.uk/ FreeCEN] has a small number of records for Scotland, see their coverage tables. | [https://www.freecen.org.uk/ FreeCEN] has a small number of records for Scotland, see their coverage tables. | ||
==== Family History Library ==== | ====Family History Library==== | ||
The Family History Library has the 1841 through 1891 censuses on microfilm, all of which has been digitalized and put online. Images are not linked to the indexes on [https://www.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch]. To find the correct image, obtain the microfilm number for the result or person you are searching (located in the citation below each entry in the index). Find that microfilm and click the camera icon next to the it in the [https://www.familysearch.org/catalog/search Catalog] in order to view the images. <br> | The Family History Library has the 1841 through 1891 censuses on microfilm, all of which has been digitalized and put online. Images are not linked to the indexes on [https://www.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch]. To find the correct image, obtain the microfilm number for the result or person you are searching (located in the citation below each entry in the index). Find that microfilm and click the camera icon next to the it in the [https://www.familysearch.org/catalog/search Catalog] in order to view the images. <br> | ||
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{| width="333" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 333px; height: 24px;" | {| width="333" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 333px; height: 24px;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| {{FHL|442707|title-id|disp=1841}} | |{{FHL|442707|title-id|disp=1841}} | ||
| {{FHL|370259|title-id|disp=1851}} | |{{FHL|370259|title-id|disp=1851}} | ||
| {{FHL|160553|title-id|disp=1861}} | |{{FHL|160553|title-id|disp=1861}} | ||
| {{FHL|162199|title-id|disp=1871}} | |{{FHL|162199|title-id|disp=1871}} | ||
| {{FHL|114528|title-id|disp=1881}} | |{{FHL|114528|title-id|disp=1881}} | ||
| {{FHL|164002|title-id|disp=1891}} | |{{FHL|164002|title-id|disp=1891}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
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To find the census records for a specific parish of interest, do the following in the library catalog: | To find the census records for a specific parish of interest, do the following in the library catalog: | ||
*Make a Place Search for the parish name. | *Make a Place Search for the parish name. | ||
*From the list of topics for that parish, click on the link for the topic of CENSUS. | *From the list of topics for that parish, click on the link for the topic of CENSUS. | ||
*Click on the link for the Census returns, 1841-1891, for that parish.<br><br> | *Click on the link for the Census returns, 1841-1891, for that parish.<br><br> | ||
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The 1881 Scottish census index is also available on microfiche. Each county has indexes arranged by: | The 1881 Scottish census index is also available on microfiche. Each county has indexes arranged by: | ||
*Surname | *Surname | ||
*Birthplace | *Birthplace | ||
*Census place. | *Census place. | ||
*A transcription of the census as it appears on the microfilm. | *A transcription of the census as it appears on the microfilm. | ||
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[COUNTY], SCOTLAND - CENSUS - 1881 - INDEXES | [COUNTY], SCOTLAND - CENSUS - 1881 - INDEXES | ||
== Search Guidance == | ==Search Guidance== | ||
When searching any census records, remember: | When searching any census records, remember: | ||
*Search indexes first. | *Search indexes first. | ||
*Information in the census may be incorrect. | *Information in the census may be incorrect. | ||
*Accept the ages with caution. | *Accept the ages with caution. | ||
*Given names may not be the same as the names recorded in church or vital records. | *Given names may not be the same as the names recorded in church or vital records. | ||
*Names may be spelled as they sound. | *Names may be spelled as they sound. | ||
*Place-names may be misspelled. | *Place-names may be misspelled. | ||
*If the family is not at the expected address, search the surrounding area. | *If the family is not at the expected address, search the surrounding area. | ||
*When you find your family in one census, search the earlier or later census records to find additional family members. | *When you find your family in one census, search the earlier or later census records to find additional family members. | ||
*Individuals missing from a family may be listed elsewhere in the census. | *Individuals missing from a family may be listed elsewhere in the census. | ||
*There could be more than one family in the same locality by the same name with very similar information. Check the census thoroughly. | *There could be more than one family in the same locality by the same name with very similar information. Check the census thoroughly. | ||
*A woman, especially a widow, might be listed under her maiden name. | *A woman, especially a widow, might be listed under her maiden name. | ||
*Notice who the neighbors are. They may be related. | *Notice who the neighbors are. They may be related. | ||
== References == | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
{{Template:Pros-Scot}} | {{Template:Pros-Scot}} | ||
{{Place|Scotland}} | {{Place|Scotland}} | ||
[[Category:Scotland Census Records]] | [[Category:Scotland Census Records]] | ||