Vanuatu History: Difference between revisions

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Vanuatu

Religious History

History[edit | edit source]

The first Europeans to visit the islands were a Spanish expedition, who arrived on the largest island in 1606. Since the Portuguese and Spanish monarchies had been unified under the king of Spain in 1580, following the vacancy of the Portuguese throne, which lasted for sixty years, until 1640, when the Portuguese monarchy was restored, the archipelago was claimed for Spain, as part of the colonial Spanish East Indies, and named it La Austrialia del Espíritu Santo.

In the 1880s, France and the United Kingdom claimed parts of the archipelago, and in 1906, they agreed on a framework for jointly managing the archipelago as the New Hebrides through an Anglo–French condominium. An independence movement arose in the 1970s, and the Republic of Vanuatu was founded in 1980.
[1]

Timeline[edit | edit source]

1774 - Vanuatu is explored by Captain James Cook, who renames them New Hebrides after the islands off Scotland
1800 - English missionaries begin arriving. The population is about one million
1860 - Natives are kidnapped to work on sugar and cotton plantations in Queensland, Australia and Fiji
1875 - French Tanners, who are Catholic settlers, petition France to annex the islands
1876 - English Presbyterian missionaries petition England to annex the islands
1887 - The islands were placed under an English and French Naval commission. Records are kept in both French and English
1901 - Australia introduces the Pacific Islands Labor Bill, ending the kidnapping of islanders
1906 - A condominium government run by England and France is established
1940 - Allied forces use the island as a base 1960 - European settlers claim over 30 percent of the land
1978 - The condominium government ceases
1980 - The islands become independent as Vanuatu and most French nationals leave

References[edit | edit source]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 ==History==
-Settled by people from Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, the islands were charted by British Navigator James Cook in 1774, who named them the New Hebrides.  In the 1860s, Catholic and Protestant missionaries arrived.  Political control was contested by France and Great Britain.  In 1906 they set up a joint rule.  The islands served as a major Allied staging base in World War II.  A brief rebellion by French settlers and plantation workers was quelled by British and French forces in May 1980.  The country achieved independence in July 1980, and is a member of the British Commonwealth.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Melanesia,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1987-2000.</ref>
+The first Europeans to visit the islands were a Spanish expedition, who arrived on the largest island in 1606. Since the Portuguese and Spanish monarchies had been unified under the king of Spain in 1580, following the vacancy of the Portuguese throne, which lasted for sixty years, until 1640, when the Portuguese monarchy was restored, the archipelago was claimed for Spain, as part of the colonial Spanish East Indies, and named it La Austrialia del Espíritu Santo.
+In the 1880s, France and the United Kingdom claimed parts of the archipelago, and in 1906, they agreed on a framework for jointly managing the archipelago as the New Hebrides through an Anglo–French condominium. An independence movement arose in the 1970s, and the Republic of Vanuatu was founded in 1980.
+<br>
+[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu]
 == Timeline  ==
+- Vanuatu is explored by Captain James Cook, who renames them New Hebrides after the islands off Scotland<br>
-'''B.C. '''The first settlers arrive from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands by canoe.<br>'''1200''' It is part of the kingdom of Tonga.<br>'''1606''' It is visited by the Spanish explorer Pedro Fernandez de Queiro who named them “''Espiritu Santo''.”<br>'''1768''' The Frenchman, Alexandre de Bougainville, put ashore on ''Aoba, Pentecost'', and ''Maewo'' and named them the “''Cyclades''” and named the strait between the islands after himself.<br>'''1774''' Vanuatu is explored by Captain James Cook, who renames them ''New Hebrides'' after the islands off Scotland.<br>'''1800''' English missionaries begin arriving. The population is about one million. Foreigners begin stripping the islands of sandalwood and introducing diseases.<br>'''1860''' Natives are kidnapped to work on sugar and cotton plantations in Queensland, Australia and Fiji.<br>'''1875''' French Tanners, who are Catholic settlers, petition France to annex the islands.<br>'''1876''' English Presbyterian missionaries petition England to annex the islands.<br>'''1887''' The islands were placed under an English and French Naval commission. Records are kept in both French and English.<br>'''1901''' Australia introduces the ''Pacific Islands Labour Bill'', ending the kidnapping (''blackbirding)'' of islanders.<br>'''1906''' A condominium government run by England and France is established.<br>'''1935''' Due to diseases and kidnaping, the native population has fallen to 45,000.<br>'''1940''' Allied forces use the island as a base. Roads are built, and wages are good for the natives.<br>'''1960''' European settlers claim over 30 percent of the land.<br>'''1978''' The condominium government ceases.<br>'''1980''' The islands become independent as Vanuatu. Most French nationals leave and the land is reverted entirely to the indigenous ''ni-Vanuatu''.<br>'''1991''' A coalition led by Prime Minister Maxime Carlot governs Vanuatu.
+- English missionaries begin arriving. The population is about one million<br>
+- Natives are kidnapped to work on sugar and cotton plantations in Queensland, Australia and Fiji<br>
+- French Tanners, who are Catholic settlers, petition France to annex the islands<br>
+- English Presbyterian missionaries petition England to annex the islands<br>
+- The islands were placed under an English and French Naval commission. Records are kept in both French and English<br>
+- Australia introduces the Pacific Islands Labor Bill, ending the kidnapping of islanders<br>
+- A condominium government run by England and France is established<br>
+- Allied forces use the island as a base
+- European settlers claim over 30 percent of the land<br>
+- The condominium government ceases<br>
+-  The islands become independent as Vanuatu and most French nationals leave<br>
 == References  ==