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==History == | ==History == | ||
Nubians, are an ethnolinguistic group of Africans indigenous to present-day Sudan and southern Egypt who originate from the early inhabitants of the central Nile valley, believed to be one of the earliest cradles of civilization. Between the 14th and 15th centuries much of Sudan was settled by Muslim, but not all Sudanese are considered Arabs. From the 16th–19th centuries, central and eastern Sudan were dominated by the Funj sultanate, while Darfur ruled the west and the Ottomans the far north. This period saw extensive Islamization. | |||
Between the 14th and 15th centuries much of Sudan was settled by Muslim Arabs. From the 16th–19th centuries, central and eastern Sudan were dominated by the Funj sultanate, while Darfur ruled the west and the Ottomans the far north. This period saw extensive Islamization | |||
From 1820 to 1874 the entirety of Sudan was conquered by the Muhammad Ali dynasty. Between 1881 and 1885 the harsh Egyptian reign was eventually met with a successful revolt led by the self-proclaimed Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad, resulting in the establishment of the Caliphate of Omdurman. This state was eventually destroyed in 1898 by the British, who would then govern Sudan together with Egypt. | From 1820 to 1874 the entirety of Sudan was conquered by the Muhammad Ali dynasty. Between 1881 and 1885 the harsh Egyptian reign was eventually met with a successful revolt led by the self-proclaimed Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad, resulting in the establishment of the Caliphate of Omdurman. This state was eventually destroyed in 1898 by the British, who would then govern Sudan together with Egypt. | ||
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan] | [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan] | ||
==Timeline== | ==Timeline== | ||
1798 - 1801 The French Campaign in Egypt and Syria was Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the Ottoman territories of Egypt and Syria, proclaimed to defend French trade interests and weaken Britain's access to British India<br> | |||
1882 - Britain invaded Egypt and would continue to occupy and dominate the country for decades<br> | |||
1923 - Treaty of Lausanne was when Turkey formally ceded, retroactive to 5 November 1914, all remaining claims and rights in Egypt and Sudan<br> | |||
1924 - Until independence in 1956, the British had a policy of running Sudan as two essentially separate territories, the north and south<br> | |||
1972 - The Addis Ababa Agreement led to a cessation of the north-south civil war and a degree of self-rule. This led to ten years hiatus in the civil war. In the civil war that followed their homeland was raided looted, pillaged and burned. Many of the tribe were murdered in a bloody civil war that raged for over 20 years<br> | |||
1989 - The Islamic Movement led by its secretary Hassan al-Turabi and a military led by Omar al-Bashir launched a military coup against President-elect Sadiq al-Mahdi. Omar al-Bashir, who also became president of the National Congress Party and Sudan, seized power and began institutionalizing Sharia law at a national level<br> | |||
2003 - The Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and Justice and Equality Movement groups in Darfur took up arms, accusing the Sudanese government of oppressing non-Arab Sudanese in favor of Sudanese Arabs, precipitating the War in Darfur. The conflict has since been described as a genocide<br> | |||
2007 - The country was hit by devastating floods, with over 400,000 people being directly affected<br> | |||
2009 - A series of ongoing conflicts between rival nomadic tribes in Sudan and South Sudan have caused a large number of civilian casualties<br> | |||
==Links== | ==Links== | ||
*[http://www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Sudan.html Sudan] | *[http://www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Sudan.html Sudan] | ||
*[http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html Nubia] | *[http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html Nubia] | ||
[[Category:Sudan]] | [[Category:Sudan]] | ||