Slovak Genealogical Word List

Slovak Genealogical Word List
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Slovakia Language and Languages
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Slovakia	Vojvodina

Genealogical Word Lists

Slovak Genealogical Word List

Language Characteristics

Variant Forms of Words

In Slovak, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who--whose--whom, or marry--marries--married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Slovak any word may change, depending on usage. This word list gives the standard form of each Slovak word. As you read Slovak records, you will need to be aware that most words vary with usage. The endings of Slovak words in a document will often differ from what you find in this list.

The plural form may change the basic word, for example:

dieťa brat

child brother

"deti" bratia

children brothers

Female surnames are feminized with the basic endings: -ová or -á. For example:

Novák Pleva Novotný

Nováková Plevová Novotná

Gender

Slovak words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Slovak words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings. For example:

starý muž stará žena staré mesto

old man old woman old city

"starí muži" staré Ženy staré mestá

old men old women old cities

This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, starý, stará, staré, starí (old) is listed as starý.

The endings of past tense verbs also change depending on the gender of the person or thing being described or performing the action and number of its subjects. For example:

narodil sa narodila sa narodilo sa narodili sa

he was born she was born it (the child) was born they were born

This word list gives only the narodil sa (he was born) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that narodila sa means she was born, etc.

Plurals

Plural forms of Slovak words usually change the singular word as follows: Words ending in -a change to -y

žena

wife

ženy

wives

Words ending in -o change to -á

mesto

city

mestá

cities

Words ending in a consonant add -y, a few words add -i, -e to form the plural

list muž zámok

page husband palace

listy muži zámky

pages husbands palaces

Grammatical Use

The endings of Slovak words can also vary depending on the grammatical use of the words. Slovak grammar requires a specific type of ending for a word used as the subject of the sentence, used in the possessive, used as the object of a verb, or used with a preposition. Slovak words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning (of) to a word.

Nouns change the endings to show possession as follows

Nouns ending with consonant add -a, -e

brat muž

brother husband

brata muža

of brother of husband

Nouns ending with -a add -y

sestra

sister

sestry

of sister

Nouns ending with -o add -a

mesto

city

mesta

of city

Plural (masculine nouns) change to -ov

muži

husband

mužov

of husbands

Plural (feminine/neuter nouns) change -e to -ie

ženy

wife

žien

of wives

Adjectives change the endings to show possession as follows:

adjectives ending in -ý change to -ého

narodený

born

narodeného

of the born

adjectives ending in -á change to -ej

krstená

baptized

krstenej

of the baptized

adjectives ending in -e change to -eho

neznáme

unknown

neznámeho

of the unknown

plural adjectives ending in -ý, -é add -ch

zosnulý erbové

deceased heraldic

zosnulých erbových

of the deceased of the heraldic

These examples show some endings in contex:
Syn zosnulého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevovej means a son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).
Manželstvo medzi Karlom Václavom Havlom a Barborou Máriou Kozárovou means a marriage between Karol Václav Havel and Barbora Mária Kozárová (Kozár).

Alphabetical Order

Written Slovak uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet. These are á, ä, č, é, í, Í, ľ, ň, ó, ô, ŕ, š, ť, ú, ý, ž. The letter combinations dz, dž, and ch are also considered as single letters, dz and dž is alphabetized after d and ch is alphabetized after h. Letters q, w, x are used only in words of foreign origin. Slovak dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:

a,á,ä b č d,ď dz,dž e,é f g h ch i,í j k l,Í,,ľ m n,ň o,ó,ô p (q) r,ŕ s š t,ť u,ú v (w) ( x) y,ý z ž

This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when working with alphabetized Slovak records, use the Slovak alphabetical order.

Spelling

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Slovak, the following spelling variations are common:
i, y and j used interchangeably
s and z used interchangeably
w used for v
rz used for r
sz used for š
cz used for č
Slovak is a phonetic language, which means words are pronounced as they are written.

Additional Resources

This word list includes the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Slovak-English dictionary. Several Slovak-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.87321.

Key Words

In order to find and use specific types of Slovak records, you will need to know some key words in Slovak. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Slovak words with the same or similar meanings.

For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Slovak words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Slovak records to indicate marriage.

English	Slovak
baptism, baptisms	krst, krsty, krstný, krstíť, krstil, pokrstil
birth, births	narodenie, narodený, rodné, narodil sa
burial, burials	pohreb, pohreby
Catholic	rímsko-katolícky
census	sčítanie ľudu
child	dieťa, dieťatko
christenings	(see baptism)
civil registry	štátna matrika
death, deaths	úmrtie, smrť, úmrtný, umrel, zomrieť, zomrel, zosnul, skonal
father	otec, otcovia, otca, tatko, tatinko
husband	manžel, muž
index	zoznam, register, index
Jewish	židovský
marriage, marriages	sobáš, sobáše sobášiť manželstvo, svadba, brat’si oženil sa (man), vydala sa (woman)
military	vojsko, vojenský
month	mesiac
mother	matka, matky, mama, mamka, maminka
name, given	(krstné) meno
name, surname	priezvisko, pôrodné meno, vlastné meno
parent, parents	rodič, rodičia
parish	farnosť, fara
Protestant	protestant
wife	manželka, žena
year	rok

Numbers

In some genealogical records, numbers are written out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed), for example:

a	and
piaty	the fifth
na piaty	on the fifth (of the month)

Cardinal		Ordinal
1	jeden, jedna, jedno	1st	prvý
2	dva, dve	2nd	druhý
3	tri	3rd	tretía
4	štyri	4th	štvrtý
5	pät	5th	piaty
6	šest’	6th	šiestý
7	sedem	7th	siedmý
8	osem	8th	ôsmy
9	devät	9th	deviaty
10	desat’	10th	desiaty
11	jedenást’	11th	jedenásty
12	dvanást	12th	dvanásty
13	trinást	13th	trinásty
14	štrnáct	14th	štrnásty
15	pätnást’	15th	pätnásty
16	šestnást’	16th	šestnásty
17	sedemnást’	17th	sedemnásty
18	osemnást’	18th	osemnásty
19	devätenást’	19th	devätenáaty
20	dvadsat’	20th	dvadsiaty
21	dvadsat’jeden,	21st	dvadsiatym
22	dvadsat’dva	22nd	dvadsat’sekunda
23	dvadsat’tri	23rd	dvadsiatomtret’om
24	dvadsat’štyri	24th	dvadsiataštvrtá
25	dvadsat’pät	25th	dvadsiateho piateho,
26	dvadsat’šest’	26th	dvacátášesté
27	dvadsat’sedem	27th	dvacátésedmá
28	dvadsat’osem	28th	dvacátéosmá
29	dvadsat’devät’	29th	dvacátédeváty
30	tridsat’	30th	tridsiaty
40	štyridsat’	40th	štyridsiate
50	pät’desiat	50th	pätdesiaty
60	šest’desiat	60th	šest’desiatym
70	sedemdesiat	70th	sedemdesiateho
80	osemdesiat	80th	osemdesiaty
90	devät’desiat	90th	devät’desiaty
100	jednosto	100th	stoina
200	dvesto	200th	dvasty
300	tristo	300th	trojstým
400	štyristo	400th	štyrib
500	pät’sto	500th	pät’sto
600	šest’sto	600th	šest’stoprvom
700	sedemsto	700th	sedmis
800	osemsto	800th	osmistý, -ého
900	devät’sto	900th	devítistý, -ého
1000	jedentisíc	1000th	tisíc

Dates and Time

In Slovak records, dates are occasionally written out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings. For example:
dvadsiátého ôsmého augusta jeden tisíc osmsto päťdesiat dva - [on the twenty-eighth of August one thousand eight hundred fifty and two, 28 August 1852]
To understand Slovak dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding "Numbers" section.

Months

Slovak dates are always given in day-month-year order. Also months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral. For example, 25 February 1848 could be written as:

25. február 1848 25. 2. 1848
25. II. 1848

The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates.

Roman Numeral	English	Slovak
I	January	január
II	February	február
III	March	marec
IV	April	april
V	May	máj
VI	June	jún
VII	July	júl
VIII	August	august
IX	September	september
X	October	október
XI	November	november
XII	December	december

Times of Days

Slovak records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage or death occurred. This is usually written out.

Slovak	English
v deset hodin	at 10 o’clock
ráno	in the morning
dopoledne	forenoon
poledne / v poledne	noon
odpoledne	afternoon
večer	in the evening
v noci	at night
polnoc / o polnoci	midnight

Days of the Week

English	Slovak
Sunday	nedel’a
Monday	pondelok
Tuesday	utorok
Wednesday	streda
Thursday	štvrtok
Friday	piatok
Saturday	sobota

General Word List

Click the letter below to get to the words starting with that letter. Words starting with: A B C D E F G H I J L M N O P Q R S T U V Z

A

Slovak	English
a	and
adoptovaný	adopted
adresár	directory
ako	how, as
ako, podobne	as, like
aký	what kind of
ale	but
alebo	or
apríl	April
archív	archive
asi	perhaps, about, maybe, circa
atď.	and so forth
august	August

B

Slovak	English
babička, babka	grandmother
bádateľ	researcher
bakalár	student
baník	coalminer
bieloruský	Belorussian
bez	without
bezdetný	childless
birmovanie	confirmations
biskup	bishop
blízky	near
Boh	the Lord
bol, bola, bolo	was
boli	were
bolesť	pain
Boží, Božia, Božie	the Lord=s
brat, bratia	brother, brothers
brat(r)anec	cousin (male)
bude	he/she/it will
budú	they will
bydlisko	residence
byť	to be
bývajúci	residing
bývalý	former, the late (deceased)

C

Slovak	English
č. (číslo)	number
čas	time
časť	part, portion
cech	guild
celý	entire
census, sčítanie ľudu	census
český	Czech, Bohemian
cesta	road
cestovný pas	passport
chalupár	cottager, poor peasant
chalupník, domkár	cottager
chce	he wants
chlap, sedliak, roľník	peasant, country fellow chlapec
chlapec	boy
choroba, nemoc	disease
cigáň	gypsy
cintorín	cemetery
cirkev	church
cisársky	imperial
cisárstvo	empire
čižmár	shoemaker
člen	member
čo	what
cudzí	foreign, strange
cukrovka	diabetes

D

Slovak	English
ďalší	next
dane	taxation
dar	donation
dátum	date
dcéra, dcéry	daughter, daughters
december	December
dieťa	child
starý otec, dedko,	grandfather, old man dedo, starec
dedo, starec	Grandpa, man
dedič	heir
dedičstvo, pozostalosť	heritage, inheritance dedina
dedina	village
dejiny	history
dekanát	deanery, division of a diocese
deň	day
desať	ten
desiatok	tithing
desiaty	tenth
deti	children
deväť	nine
deväťdesiat(y)	ninety (ninetieth)
devätnásť(devätnástý)	nineteen (nineteenth)
deväťsto	nine hundred
deväťstý	nine hundredth
deviaty	ninth
dieťa	child
dietaťa	of the child
dieťatko	little child
diel	portion, share, volume
dievča	girl
diecéza	diocese
dievka, dievčina	girl
dňa	on the day
dnešok	today
dnešný	today's
do	to, into
doba	time period
dobrý	good
dôchodca	pensioner
dodatok	supplement, addition
dojča	infant
dôkaz	proof
doklad	document
dolný	lower
dom	house
doma	at home
domkár	cottager
domovský list	residency certificate
druhého	on the second
druhopis	duplicate
druhý	second
duplikát, kópia	duplicate
dva	two
dvadsať	twenty
dvadsiaty	twentieth
dvadsaťštyri	twenty-four
dvadsaťdeväť	twenty-nine
dvadsiaty deviaty	twenty-ninth
dvadsiaty druhý	twenty-second
dvadsaťdva	twenty-two
dvadsať-jeden	twenty-one
dvadsať-osem	twenty-eight
dvadsiaty ôsmy	twenty-eighth
dvadsiaty piaty	twenty-fifth
dvadsaťpäť	twenty-five
dvadsiaty prvý	twenty-first
dvadsať-sedem	twenty-seven
dvadsiaty siedmy	twenty-seventh
dvadsiaty šiesty	twenty-sixth
dvadsiaty štvrtý	twenty-fourth
dvadsiaty tretí	twenty-third
dvadsať-šesť	twenty-six
dvadsac-tri	twenty-three
dvanásť(dvanásty)	twelve (twelfth)
dva	two
dvesto	two hundred
dvestý	two hundredth
dvojča, dvojčatá	twin, twins
dvor	court

E

Slovak	English
emigrácia, vysťahovalectvo	emigration
erb	coat of arms
erbový	heraldic
erbovníctvo	heraldry
evanjelický	Evangelical, Lutheran,
Protestant evanjelický A.V.	Lutheran, of the Augsburg denomination

F

Slovak	English
fabrikant	factory owner
fara	parish
farár	pastor, parish priest
farbiar	dyer
farmár	farmer farnosť
farský úrad	parish office
február	February

G

Slovak	English
gazda	farmer
gazdovstvo	farm
genealógia	genealogy genealogický strom, family tree rodokmeň
grunt	family property
gruntovné knihy	land records
gruntovník	farmer, land holder
gubernia	Russian province

H

Slovak	English
hajník, horár	forester
heraldika	heraldry
história	history
hlavný	main
hnačka	diarrhea
ho	him
hodina	hour
hoden, ctihodný	worthy
holič	barber
hora	mountain, hill
horný	upper
horúčka	fever
hospodár	farmer (self sustaining)
hospodárstvo	farm
hostinský, krčmár	innkeeper
hrad	castle
hranica	border, boundary
hrnčiar	potter
hrob	grave

I

Slovak	English
ich	their
imigracia,	immigration
inak tiež	alias
informacia (-e)množné	information
inokedy	at another time
iný	other, different

J

Slovak	English
jazero	lake
jazyk	language
je	he/she/it is
jeden, -na, -no	a, an, one
jedenásť (ý)	eleven (eleventh)
jedináčik, jediné dieťa	the only child
jeho	his, its
jej	her
jemu	to him
jutro	acre
júl	July
jún	June
január	January

K

Slovak	English
k, pre	to, for
kalendár	calendar
kam	to where
kamenár, murár	mason
kaplnka	chapel
katolícky	Catholic
kazateľ	preacher
každý	each, every
kiahne	small pox
kašeľ	cough
klampiar	tinsmith
kláštor	convent, monastery
kmotor, krstný otec	godfather
kmotra, krstná mama	godmother
kmotri	godparents
kňaz	priest
kniha, knihy	book, books
knižnica	library
koho	whom
kojenec, dojča	suckling
kominár	chimney sweep
konečný, posledný	final, last
koniec	end
konto, účet	account
konvertovanie	conversion
kostol	church
kováč	smith
koželuh, garbiar	tanner
kraj	region, area
krajčír	tailor (male)
krajčírka	seamstress
kráľ	king
kráľovná	queen
kráľovský	royal
kráľovstvo	kingdom
times
krče	cramps, convulsions
krvný	blood-related
kronika, kroniky	chronicle, chronicles
krst	christening, baptism
krstné meno	given name
krstný list	christening (baptismal) certificate
krstenec	the one christened, baptized
krstu	of the christening
krsty	christenings, baptisms
krvácanie	bleeding, hemorrhage
kto	who
ktorý	who, which
kumšt, obchod	trade, occupation
kupec	shopkeeper, merchant
kúpele	spa, spring, bath
kúpil	he bought

L

Slovak	English
Lán	a measure of land
laník	landholder
latinský	Latin
lekár	physician
les	letter, correspondence
list	forest, woods
letopoč et	date
tento rok	this year
ľavoboček	illegitimate child
list	certificate, page
listina	legal document
loď	ship, boat
legitímne	legitimate
nelegitímne	illegitimate
ľudia	people

M

Slovak	English
má	he/she/it has
macocha	stepmother
maďarský	Hungarian
máj	May
majetný	wealthy, property owning
majetok	property
majster	master craftsman
majú	they have
mal, -a, -o	he (she, it) had
maliar	painter
malý	small, little
matka, mama, mamka,	mother
maminka, mamička	mum
manžel	husband
manželia	married couple
manželka	wife
manželský, zákonný	legitimate
manželstvo	marriage
mapa	map
marec	March
mäsiar	butcher
mať	to have
matrika, matriky	vital records, church records
matrika narodených	birth register
matrika oddaných	marriage register
matrika zomrelých	death register
medzi	between
meno	name
menovite	that means, namely
menší	lesser, smaller, shorter
mesiac	month
mešťan, občan	burgher, citizen
mesto	town, city
miestny	local
miesto	place, locality
miesto bydliska	place of residence
miestopisný slovník	gazetteer
mládenec	youth
mladý	young
mlyn	mill
mlynár	miller
ml. (mladší)	younger,
modlitba	prayer
moravský	Moravian
most	bridge
mŕtvo narodený	stillborn
mŕtvy	dead
murár	bricklayer
muž	man, husband
mužský	male

N

Slovak	English
na	on, at, around
náboženstvo	religion
nad	on the, above, upon
nádenník	day worker, day laborer
náhrobný kameň	gravestone
najmladší	youngest
nájomník	renter
najstarší	oldest, eldest
nájdenec, najdúch	foundling
nám	to us
nar.	see narodil and narození
narodenie	birth
(na) rodený	born
narodil sa	was born
národný	national
nás	us
náš (naše)	our
nasledujúci, budúci	next
nazvaný	called, also known as, alias, named
nie (nie-)	no, not
nebožtík, zosnulý	the deceased
neďaleko	not far from
nedeľa	Sunday
nedostatok	lack of
nekatolík	non-Catholic
nemanželský,	illegitimate nezakonný
nemecký	German
nemenovaný	unnamed, nameless
nemoc	disease
neter	niece
neuvedené	not mentioned
nevesta	daughter-in-law
nevesta	bride
nevlastný	step- (as in step-mother step-sister, and so forth)
nevoľník	vassal, serf
nevyskytuje sa	does not appear
neplnoletý	not of legal age, minor
neznámy	unknown
nič	nothing
nie je	is not
nikdy	never
nízky	low, short
nižší	lower
noc	night
november	November
novomanželia	newlyweds
novorodenec	newborn
nový	new

O

Slovak	English
o	about, concerning
oba (obaja), obe	both
občan	citizen
obchodník	merchant
občianstvo	citizenship
obdržal	received
obec, obce	community, communities
oblastný archív	regional archive
obrad	rite, ceremony
obrezanie (obriezka)	circumcision
obsah	content
obuvník	shoemaker
obyvateľ	inhabitant, resident, citizen
obyvateľstvo	population
od	from, since
oddacia matrika	marriage register
oddaný	married
oddať, vydať sa,	to marry oženiť sa
sobáš	marriage
odkiaľ	from where
odpovedať	to reply
ohlásený, oznámený	announced, published
ohlášky	banns
okolo	about, around
okres	district, county
október	October
on, -a, -o, -i, -y	he, she, it, they
osada, obec	community
osem(ôsmy)	eight (eighth)
osmdesiat(y)	eighty (eightieth)
osemstý	eight hundredth
osmnásť(y)	eighteen (eighteenth)
osem sto	eight hundred
osoba	person
osobný	personal
osýpky	measles
otec, oco, ocko	father
otčim	stepfather
otec, otcov	father, fathers
ovdovená	widowed
ovdovený	widower
oženený	married (man)
oženil sa	married a woman

P

Slovak	English
paholok	farm servant
pán	sir, Mr., Lord
pani	lady, Mrs.
panna	maiden, Miss, virgin [stará panna (dievka) = old maiden, spinster]
pastier	herdsman
pastier	shepherd
päť	five
päť sto	five hundred
päťdesiat(y)	fifty (fiftieth)
pätnásť(ý)	fifteen, fifteenth
patrimoniálné knihy	patrimonial books
päťtýstý	five hundredth
pečať	seal
pekár	baker
pestunka	foster mother
pestún	foster father
pevnosť	fortress
piatok	Friday
piaty	fifth
pisár	scribe
písať	to write
plnoletý	of legal age
plný	full, complete
po (potom)	after
pobyt	residence
pochovaný	buried
pochovať	buried
pokrstený	christened, baptized
pokrtil	have christened, baptized
pod	under
poddaný, nevoľník	serf
podľa	according to
podobný	similar
podpis	signature
podpísaný	the undersigned
podpora	assistance
podruh???	farm laborer
pohlavie	gender, sex
pohreb, pohreby	burial, burials
pohrobok	posthumous child
pokrstený	christened
(po) krstil	have christened, baptized
pol, polovica	half
polnoc	midnight
poľovník	hunter
poľský	Polish
poludnie	noon
pomoc	help
pondelok	Monday
popálenina	burn
popis	description
poplatok	fee, cost
popoludnie	in the afternoon
populácia	population
pôrod	childbirth, labor
pôrodná bába	midwife
poručník	guardian
posledná vôľa	last will, testament
posledné pomazanie	last rites
posledný	final, last
potok	stream
potomok	descendant
pôvod	origin, parentage
povolanie	occupation, profession
povolenie	permission
požehnanie	blessing
pozemkové knihy	land books
poznámky	remarks
pozostalý	left behind, surviving
pra-	great-
prastará mama	great-grandmother bába (prababička)
pracovný	diligent, hard working
prastarý otec	great-grandfather dedo (pradedko)
prarodičia	grandparents
prateta	great aunt
praujec	great uncle
právny	legal
právo	law
pravoverný	orthodox
pravý	right, true
pre	for
pred	before, in front of
predchádzajúci	former
predok	ancestor
predošlý	previous
predtým	before
predvčerom	day before yesterday
presne	exactly
pretože	because
priateľ	friend (male)
priateľka	friend (female)
približný	approximate
príbuzný	related, relative
príčina	cause, reason
priezvisko	surname
prímenie	surname, last name
príbuzenstvo	relationship
prisťahovalectvo	immigration
prítomnosť	presence
prehlásenie	statement
prosba, žiadosť	request
prosíme, žiadame	we request
protestantský	Protestant
proti	against
pruský	Prussian
prvorodený	firstborn
prvý	first
polláník	half-land holder

R

Slovak	English
r. (roku)	year
radnica	city hall
rakovina	cancer
rakuský	Austrian
ráno or	in the morning predpoludnie, dopoludnie
remeň	leather
remeselník	tradesman
remeslo	trade
bádanie, výskum	genealogical research
rieka	river
rímsko-katolický	Roman Catholic
robotník	laborer, vassal
robotník	laborer, worker
roč. (ročník)	year (of book)
ročný	annual
rod	family, clan, descent, lineage
rodom	maiden name
rodič, rodičia	parent, parents
rodina	family
rodisko	birthplace
rodná matrika	birth register
rodné meno	surname
rodný list	birth certificate
rodokmeň	pedigree, family tree, lineage
rodopis	genealogy
rok	year
rokov	years
roľník	peasant
roz. (rodená)	maiden name
rôzný	various
rozvedený	divorced
rozvod	divorce
ruský	Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian
rybár	fisherman
rychtár	village magistrate
rytier	knight

S

Slovak	English
s, so	with
samota	hamlet
šarlach	scarlet fever
sčítanie ľudu	census oznamujeme Vám
oznamujeme Vám	we inform you
sedliak	farmer (large farm)
sedem sto	seven hundred
sedem (siedmy)	seven(th)
sedemdesiat(y)	seventy (seventieth)
sedemnásť(y)	seventeen(th)
sedemsty	seven hundredth
hostinský, krčmár	tavern keeper
september	September
šesť (šiesty)	six(th)
šesťdesiat(y)	sixty (sixtieth)
sesternica	cousin (female)
šestistý	six hundredth
šestnásť(y)	sixteen(th)
šesto	six hundred
sestra	sister
sirota	orphan
škola	school
slabosť	weakness, sickness
slabý	weak
šľachta	nobility
šľachtic	nobleman
slavný	famous
slečna	Miss
slezský	Silesian
slobodný	unmarried, single
slovenský	Slovak
slovník	dictionary
sluha	servant (male)
služba	service
slúžka (služobná)	servant (female)
smrť	death
snúbenec	fiancé, betrothed, groom
snúbenica	fiancee, betrothed, bride
sobáš, sobáše	marriage, marriages
sobášný list	marriage certificate
sobota	Saturday
suchoty	consumption
spolu	together
spoločnosť	society
správa	report
stará dievka	old maiden, spinster, older, elder, senior
stará mať, stará matka	grandmother
staroba	old age
starosta	mayor
starý	old
starý mládenec	bachelor
štát	state
štátná matrika	civil registry
statok	farm
stav	marital status, condition
sto	hundred
stolár	cabinet maker
storočie	century
str. (strana)	page, side
stred, -ný	central, middle, average
streda	Wednesday
strýc, strýko, ujec	uncle
štvrtok	Thursday
štvrtý	fourth
stý	one hundredth
štyri	four
štrnást(y)	fourteen (fourteenth)
štyridsať	forty
štyridsiaty	fortieth
štyristo	four hundredth
štyrstý	four hundred
sú	they are
súd	court
sudca	judge
súhlas	consent
súrodenci	siblings; brothers and sisters
sused(ka), susedia	neighbor, neighbors svadba, sobáš
svadba, sobáš	wedding
svadobné oznámenie	wedding announcement švagor
švagor	brother-in-law
švagriná	sister-in-law svadobný, sobášny
svadobný, sobášny	marital, of marriage svätý
svätý	holy
svedok	witness
sviatok	holiday
svokor	father-in-law
svokra	mother-in-law
syn, synovia	son, sons
synagóga	synagogue
synovec	nephew

T

Slovak	English
takzvaný	so called
tam	there
tohoto miesta	of that place
tehliar	brick maker
tehotenstvo	pregnancy
tehotná	pregnant
terajší, súčasný	this, the present
tesár	carpenter
teta	aunt
tiež	also
tisíc(i)	one thousand(th)
titul	title
tkáč	weaver
to	it, this
tohoto roku	of the current year
toľko	so much, as much
tovaryš	journeymen
tretí	third
trh, trhovisko, tržisko	market tri
tri	three
tridsať	thirty
tridsiaty	thirtieth
trinásť(ý)	thirteen(th)
tristo	three hundred
trístý	three hundredth
truhliar	cabinetmaker
tu	here
tunajší	of this place
tuberkulóza	tuberculosis
týfus brušný	typhoid fever
týždeň	week
týždne	weeks

U

Slovak	English
u	at, in
ubohý	poor
učedník (učeň)	apprentice
učiteľ	teacher
údaj	information
údolie	valley
uhorský	Hungarian
uhliar	coalman
ukrajinský	Ukrainian
ul. (ulica)	street, road
uložený	deposited
umrel, zomrel	died
umrieť, zomrieť	to die
úmrtie, smrť	death
úmrtný list	death certificate
úmrtná matrika	death register
úplavica	dysentery
úrad	office
úradník	clerk, officer
urodzený	of noble birth
usadlík	settler
ústný	verbal, oral
utorok	Tuesday
uvedený	known
uzavretie	contracting (of marriage)

V

Slovak	English
v, vo	in, on, at
Vás	you
Váš	your
včera	yesterday
včerajší	yesterday=s
vdova	widow
[vdova po Jozefovi = widow of Jozef] vdovec	widower
večer	in the evening
vedľa	next to
vek	age
veľký	big, great, large
veľmožný	magnate vhodný, primeraný
vhodný, primeraný	appropriate
viď.	see
vlani minulý rok,	last year
vlasť	homeland
vlastné meno	surname
vlastný	own, real, natural, self
vnučka	granddaughter
vnuk	grandson
voda	water
vojak	soldier
vojenský	military
vojsko	military
vojvodstvo	duchy
vrchný	upper
všetko	all
vydala sa	she married
vydaný	published
vydatá žena	married woman
vykonal	performed, did, accomplished
vykonaný	performed
výmenkár(ka)	pensioner
výpis, výťažok	extract
výročie	anniversary
vysoký	high, tall
vyšší	upper
vyznanie	religion
vždy	always

Z

Slovak	English
z, zo	from, of (a place)
záhradník	gardener
zajtra	tomorrow
zákonný	lawful, legal, legitimate
zamestnanie	employment
zámočník	locksmith
zámok	palace
zápal pľúc	pneumonia
záškrt	diphtheria
zasnúbenie	engagement (to marry)
zasnúbený	betrothed, engaged
zasnúbiť sa	to become engaged
zať	son-in-law
závet	will, testament
zem	earth
zemepán	feudalist, statkár, landowner
zemské dosky	land tablets
želiar	cottager
žena	woman, wife
ženatý	married (man)
ženích	bridegroom
ženský	female
zosnul	died
žiadný	no, none
žiadosť	request
žid, židia	Jew, Jewish
židovský	Jewish
žijúci	living
život	life
životopis	biography
žltačka	jaundice
zmluva	contract, agreement
zničenie	destruction
žobrák	beggar
zomrel	died
zoznam	list, index, directory
zvolenie	consent
zv. (zväzok)	volume, number

Other Languages

Before 1918 the Slovak lands were part of the Kingdom of Hungary which, together with Austria, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in Hungarian, Latin, German, or Slovak. Slovak records often contain Hungarian, Latin, or German words.

To help you read genealogical records also see the following word lists:

• Hungarian Genealogical Word List
• Latin Genealogical Word List
• German Genealogical Word List
• Polish Genealogical Word List