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Dutch Genealogical Word List (view source)

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't '''Z'''andt
't '''Z'''andt
===Spelling===
===Spelling===
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries.
Most writers from before the 18th century would have found the idea of a single spelling for any particular word rather odd. If several possible spelling variants are available, why should one be limited to only one choice? Early writers certainly took advantage of the many possibilities available to them. After all, variety is the spice of life. In modern Dutch, the sound represented by the English word ‘I’ can be rendered by several letter sets, including ‘ij’ and ‘ei.’ Again, writers from previous centuries could and did use either of these in addition to several others that are not in common use today to render the ‘I’ sound.  


y, i, ij and j can all be interchanged for each other. Note that technically the letter y did not traditionally exist in Dutch.  
:y, i, ij and j can all be interchanged for each other. Note that technically the letter y did not traditionally exist in Dutch.  


g used for ch
:g used for ch


d, dt and t can all be interchanged for each other.  
:d, dt and t can all be interchanged for each other.  


j and i used interchangeably
:j and i used interchangeably


s and z used interchangeably
:s and z used interchangeably


sch used for ss
:sch used for ss


vowels (a,e,o,i,u) being repeated, and vice-versa
:vowels (a,e,o,i,u) being repeated, and vice-versa


Abbreviations being used such as 't for het, 's for des.  
:Abbreviations being used such as 't for het, 's for des.  


Example:
::'''Example:'''


echt spelled as egt
::echt spelled as egt


overlijden spelled as overlyden
::overlijden spelled as overlyden


Arie spelled as Arij
::Arie spelled as Arij


Marietje spelled as Marietie
::Marietje spelled as Marietie


gekomen spelled as gekoomen
::gekomen spelled as gekoomen


zondag spelled as sondag
::zondag spelled as sondag
 
::Tussenbroek spelled as Tusschenbroek
 
In the vast majority of cases, the variant spellings represent the same pronunciation as the standard form. Some are simply antiquated; others are dialect forms. We will not consider personal names or words that have Latin endings, such as ‘Aprilis.’ We will, however, consider some place names.  The traditional dialect of northern Germany, [[Low German Language in German Research|Low German]], is very closely related to Dutch.
 
The researcher should not be alarmed, nor think the scribe ‘did not know how to spell,’ when he encounters these variants. Many of these variants will be found well into the 19th century. In some cases, it is impossible to tell whether the scribe wrote ‘ij’ or ‘y’. Although we list a few of these, to list every possible variation with this set would be superfluous.<ref>Juengling, Fritz. "Spelling Variants in Dutch Documents." Dutch-American Genealogy Spring 2015: 1-8.</ref><br><br>
 
{| width="200" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
|-
| Standard Dutch
| Variant
|-
| aangenomen
| aen genoomen
|-
| acht
| agt
|-
| achttien
| agtien
|-
| avondmaal<br>
| avondtmael, avontmael<br>
|-
| ambtenaar
| ambtenaer
|-
| august
| oogst
|-
| Christelijke
| crijstelijcke
|-
| dag
| dagh, dach
|-
| dertien
| dartien
|-
| dertig
| dartig
|-
| dezes
| deses
|-
| Dinsdag
| Dingsdag
|-
| dochter
| dogter
|-
| dochtertje
| Dogtertje
|-
| door
| dooir
|-
| duizend
| duizent, duyzend
|-
| een
| ëen
|-
| februari
| feeberijuarij
|-
| geboren
| gebooren
|-
| geboorte
| Gheboorte
|-
| gebracht
| gebragt
|-
| gekocht
| gecogt
|-
| gekomen
| geekomen
|-
| gedoopt
| gedooipt
|-
| gekomen
| gekoomen
|-
| genaamt&nbsp;
| genaemt, genaemd, genaempt
|-
| geslacht
| geslagt
|-
|
gestorven
 
| gestoruen
|-
| getuigen
| getuygen, getuijgen&nbsp;
|-
| gevluchte
| gevlugte
|-
| heden
| heeden
|-
| huisvrouw
|
huijsvrouw, huysvrouwe, huÿsvrouw
 
|-
| huwelijk
| houwelijk
|-
| jaar
| jaer, jaere
|-
| jaren
| jaeren
|-
| januari
| January
|-
| juni
| Junij
|-
| kerk
| kerck
|-
| kind
| kindt, kinnd
|-
| kleermaker
| kledermaker
|-
| knecht
| knegt
|-
| laten
| laeten
|-
| ledematen
|
leedematen,&nbsp; leede maten, leede maaet
 
|-
| licht
| ligt
|-
| maand
| maend
|-
| maandag
| maendag
|-
| maart
| maert, meert&nbsp;
|-
| -maker
| -maacker
|-
| mei
| Maaij
|-
| metselaar
| metzelaar
|-
| mochten
| mogten
|-
| naar
| naer
|-
| 's nachts
| 's nachs
|-
| namen (noun)
| naemen
|-
| negentig
| t'negentig
|-
| nemen
| neemen
|-
| november
| nohvembr
|-
| onecht
| onegt
|-
| ontvangen
| ontfangen
|-
| Oostvlaanderen
| Oostvlaenderen
|-
| oud
| oudt
|-
| paard
| peerd
|-
| personen
| paersoone
|-
| plaats
| plaets
|-
| raad
| raed, raedt
|-
| rechter
| regter
|-
| sedert
| zeedert
|-
| soldaat
| zoldaat
|-
| tachtig
| tagtig
|-
| tijd
| teyd
|-
| tussen
| tuschen, tusschen&nbsp;
|-
| vader
| vaader
|-
| verklaard
| verklaerd
|-
| verstorven
|
verstoruen, uerstoruen, versturven, voorstoruen,&nbsp; voor storuen
 
|-
| verzocht
| verzogt
|-
| vijftig
| vyftig
|-
| vleeschhouwer
| vleeshouwer
|-
| volmacht
| volmagt
|-
| vrijdag
| Vrydag
|-
| wezen
| weezen
|-
| woonachtig
| wonagtig, woonachtigh
|-
| zaterdag
| Saterdag
|-
| zelven
| selven
|-
| zestig
| tsestig
|-
| zeven
| seven, zeeven, seeven
|-
| zeventien
| seventien
|-
| zich
| zig
|-
| zijn
| sijn, syn,&nbsp;zyn
|-
| zijne
| syne
|-
| zoon
| soon, sone, soone
|-
| zuster
| susther
|}


Tussenbroek spelled as Tusschenbroek
===Additional Resources===
===Additional Resources===
For further help, use a Dutch-English dictionary. Several Dutch-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the European collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.31321.
For further help, use a Dutch-English dictionary. Several Dutch-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the European collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.31321.
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