Seneca People

Ancestral Homeland: Seneca Lake to Allegheny River now in western New York

Prominent Leaders: Cornplanter (ayentwahga, John O'Bail), Red Jacket (Sagoyewatha), Ely Parker

History

Brief Timeline

Fought with British during the Revolutionary War

1831: ceded land removed to Indian Territory

Reservations

Three State Reservations:

• Allegany
• Cattaraugus
• Oil Springs

Tonawanda Band of Seneca reservation near Akron, New York

Six Nations Reserve, Ontario

Semeca-Cayuga Tribe hold land in Ottawa County, Oklahoma

Correspondence and Census

Tribe	Agency	location of Original Records	Pre-1880 Correspondence M234 RG 75 Rolls 962 Roll Number	FHL Film Number	Post-1885 Census M595 RG 75 Rolls 693 Roll Number	FHL Film Number
Seneca, Indian Territory	Miami (Quapaw) Agency, 1870-1952	Washington D.C. and Fort Worth	Rolls 702-13	-	Rolls 410-16, 487-89	581405-581411
Seneca, New York	Six Nations Agency, 1824-34	Washington D.C.	Rolls 582-97	-	Rolls 290-300, 488-89	579700-579710
Seneca, Ohio	Piqua and Ohio Agencies, 1831-43	Washington D.C.	Rolls 600-03	-	-
Seneca, Indian Territory	Neosho Agency, 1837-71	Washington D.C.	Rolls 529-37	-	-

Treaties

• 1784 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/nat0005.htm October 22, at Fort Harmar 
• 1789 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/six0023.htm January 9, at Fort Harmar
• 1792 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/fiv1027.htm April 23, with the Five Nations of Indians
• 1794 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/six0034.htm November 11, at Konondaigua
• 1797 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen1027.htm September 15, on Genesee River
• 1802 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0060.htm June 30, at Buffalo Creek
• 1802 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0062.htm June 30,
• 1814 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0105.htm July 22, at Greenville
• 1815 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0117.htm September 8, at Spring Wells
• 1817 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm September 29, on the Miami
• 1818 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm September 17, at St. Mary's
• 1823 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen1033.htm September 3, unratified
• 1831 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0325.htm February 28, at Washington
• 1831 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0327.htm July 20, at Lewistown
• 1832 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0383.htm  December 29, at Seneca Agency
• 1835  http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0435.htm August 24, at Camp Holmes
• 1838 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/new0502.htm January 15, at Buffalo Creek, with New York Indians
• 1842 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0537.htm May 20, at Buffalo Creek
• 1857  http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0767.htm November 5,
• 1865 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0960.htm September 13, at Fort SMith - unratified
• 1867 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0960.htm February 23, at Washington

'Vital R'ecords

• Quapaw Agency, M595, births and deaths 1924-1932, FHL Film: 581408

Important Web Sites

Seneca History -- from Seneca Nation website -- http://www.senecaindian.com/seneca_tribal.htm

Seneca History -- Wikipedia article -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_nation

Seneca Tribal History -- from Handbook of American Indians... by Frederick Webb Hodge -- http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/seneca/senecahist.htm

Seneca History -- from Catholic Encyclopedia -- http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13714a.htm

References

Bibliography

• Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 Available online.
• Klein, Barry T., ed. Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. WorldCat 317923332; FHL book 970.1 R259e.
• Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. WorldCat 37475188; FHL book 970.1 G131g.

Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean

Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America

Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau

Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands

• Sturtevant, William C. Handbook of North American Indians. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– .
  

Volume 1 -- Not yet published

Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- WorldCat 234303751

Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- WorldCat 255572371

Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- WorldCat 19331914; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4.

Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- WorldCat 299653808; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5.

Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- WorldCat 247493742; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6.

Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- WorldCat 247493311

Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 13240086; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8.

Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- WorldCat 26140053; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9.

Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- WorldCat 301504096; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10.

Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- WorldCat 256516416; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11.

Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- WorldCat 39401371; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12.

Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- WorldCat 48209643

Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- WorldCat 254277176

Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 356517503; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15.

Volume 16 -- Not yet published

Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- WorldCat 43957746

Volume 18 -- Not yet published

Volume 19 -- Not yet published

Volume 20 -- Not yet published

• Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
• Waldman, Carl. Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. WorldCat 14718193; FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006.

Family History Library (FHL); now called, FamilySearch Library (FSL)