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*South Carolina (M1910), Medical officer, roll 13;  Abbeville Courthouse, roll 33;  Aiken, roll 37; Beaufort, roll 57; Columbia, roll 70; Darlington, roll 72;  Georgetown, roll 75;  Kingstree, roll 85; Marion, roll 87   
*South Carolina (M1910), Medical officer, roll 13;  Abbeville Courthouse, roll 33;  Aiken, roll 37; Beaufort, roll 57; Columbia, roll 70; Darlington, roll 72;  Georgetown, roll 75;  Kingstree, roll 85; Marion, roll 87   
*Texas (M1912), Quartermaster and disbursing officer rolls 7-9; Boston roll 13
*Texas (M1912), Quartermaster and disbursing officer rolls 7-9; Boston roll 13


The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (often called the Freedmen’s Bureau) was created in 1865 at the end of the American Civil War to supervise relief efforts including education, health care, food and clothing, refugee camps, legalization of marriages, employment, labor contracts, and securing back pay, bounty payments and pensions.  
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (often called the Freedmen’s Bureau) was created in 1865 at the end of the American Civil War to supervise relief efforts including education, health care, food and clothing, refugee camps, legalization of marriages, employment, labor contracts, and securing back pay, bounty payments and pensions.  
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== How Do I Search the Collection? ==
== How Do I Search the Collection? ==


To begin your search it is helpful to know:
The Freedmen’s Bureau records are a major source of genealogical information about post Civil War African Americans. To begin your search it is helpful to know the name and some other identifying information such as age, residence or former owner.


*Your ancestor’s name.  
'''Search by Name by visiting the [https://familysearch.org/search/collection/2515868 Collection Page]:'''<br> Fill in the requested information in the initial search page. This search will return a list of possible matches. Compare the information about the ancestors in the list to what you already know about your ancestors to determine if this is the correct family or person. You may need to compare the information about more than one person to find your ancestor.
*Other identifying information such as residence, birth date or age, names of other family members and family relationships.


=== Search the Collection  ===
'''View images in this collection by visiting the [https://familysearch.org/search/image/index#uri=https://familysearch.org/recapi/sord/collection/2515868/waypoints Browse Page]:'''<br>To search the collection you will need to follow this series of links:<br> ⇒Select the "Browse" link in the initial search page<br> ⇒Select the "Freedmen's Bureau Office or Subordinate Field Office Location"<br> ⇒Select the "NARA Roll Number - Contents" which takes you to the images<br>


'''To search the collection by name:'''<br>Fill in your ancestor’s name in the initial search page. This search will return a list of possible matches. Compare the information about those in the list to what you already know about your own ancestors to determine if this is the correct family or person.  
Look at each image comparing the information with what you already know about your ancestors to determine if the image relates to them. You may need to look at several images and compare the information about the individuals listed in those images to your ancestors to make this determination.  


'''To browse by image:'''<br>To search the collection you will need to follow this series of links:<br> ⇒Select "Browse through images" on the initial collection page <br> ⇒Select the appropriate "…" <br> ⇒Select the appropriate "…" <br> ⇒Select the appropriate “…" which takes you to the images<br>
==I Found Who I was Looking for, What Now?==


Look at each image comparing the information with what you already know about your ancestors to determine if the image relates to them. You may need to look at several images and compare the information about the individuals listed in those images to your ancestors to make this determination.  
When you have located your ancestor’s record, carefully evaluate each piece of information given. Save a copy of the image or transcribe the information. These pieces of information may give you new biographical details such as a title, an occupation, or land ownership. Add this new information to your records of each family. You should also look for leads to other records about your ancestors. For example use the place of residence, age, and other information for each person to search for the individuals in census records and other types of records.  


With either search keep in mind:
=== Tips to Keep in Mind ===


*There may be more than one person in the records with the same name.  
*There may be more than one person in the records with the same name.  
*You may not be sure of your own ancestor’s name.  
*You may not be sure of your own ancestor’s name.  
*Your ancestor may have used different names or variations of their name throughout their life.
*Your ancestor may have used different names or variations of their name throughout their life.
*The records are a good source to quickly identify a family group and residence.
*Former slaves may have had used multiple names or changed their names until they decided upon one particular name. Search all possible names along with variations or spellings of their known names.


For tips about searching on-line collections see the on-line article [[FamilySearch Search Tips and Tricks]].
== I Can't Find Who I'm Looking for, What Now? ==
 
== What Do I Do Next?  ==
 
When you have located your ancestor’s record, carefully evaluate each piece of information given. Save a copy of the image or transcribe the information. These pieces of information may give you new biographical details. Add this new information to your records of each family. You should also look for leads to other records about your ancestors. For example use the property location to find family in census, church, and land records.
 
=== Tips to Keep in Mind  ===
 
*When looking for a person who had a common name, look at all the entries for the name before deciding which is correct.
*Continue to search the index and records to identify children, siblings, parents, and other relatives who may have served in the same unit or a nearby unit.
*Be aware that, as with any index, transcription errors may occur.
 
== What if I Can't Find Who I'm Looking For?  ==
 
*Look for variant spellings of the names. You should also look for alias names, nicknames and abbreviated names.
*Search the records of nearby localities (or military unties, counties, parishes, etc.).
*Try alternative search methods such as only filling in the surname search box (or the given name search box) on the landing page leaving the other box empty and then click on search. This should return a list of everyone with that particular name. You can then browse the list for individuals that may be your ancestor.
 
=== Additional Information About These Records  ===
 
The Freedmen’s Bureau records are a major source of genealogical information about post-Civil War African Americans. They are also a good source to quickly identify a family group and residence. Use the place of residence, age, and other information for each person to search for the individuals in census records and other types of records.
 
The [[African American Freedman's Savings and Trust Company Records|Freedmen’s Bank Records]] are the most commonly known records created by the Freedmen’s Bureau and have also been described separately.
 
The original records are preserved at the National Archives in College Park, Maryland. Copies of the original records are available at the National Archives Building in Washington D.C. and the regional archives located in Alaska, California, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Missouri, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas and Washington State. The records were microfilmed in 2001 the microfilms are available at the Family History Library.
 
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands was established in the War Department in March of 1865. It was commonly called the Freedman’s Bureau and was responsible for the management and supervision of matters relating to refuges, freedmen, and abandoned lands. The Bureau assisted disenfranchised Americans, primarily African Americans, with temporal, legal and financial matters, with the intent of helping people to become self-sufficient. Matters handled included the distributing of food and clothing; operating temporary medical facilities; acquiring back pay, bounty payments, and pensions; facilitating the creation of schools, including the founding of Howard University; reuniting family members; handling marriages; and providing banking services. Banking services were provided by the establishment of the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company, or Freedman’s Bank.
 
The Bureau functioned as an agency of the War Department from approximately June 1865 until December 1868. In 1872, the functions of the Bureau were transferred to the Freedmen’s Branch of the Adjutant General’s Office.


The Bureau assisted over one million African Americans, including many of the nearly four million emancipated slaves, which was over 25% of the population of former slaves in America.  
*Look for variant spellings of the names. You should also look for nicknames and abbreviated names.
*Look for another index. Local genealogical and historical societies often have indexes to local records.
*Search the indexes and records of nearby counties.
*Try alternative search methods such as only filling in the surname search box (or the given name search box) on the landing page leaving the other box empty and then click on search. This should return a list of everyone with that particular name. You could then browse the list for individuals that may be your ancestor.


The records identify those who sought help from the Bureau at the end of the Civil War. Most supplicants were freed slaves, some of which were military veterans. In addition, a few veterans who were not African Americans also sought help from the Bureau.
== General Information About Freedmen's Bureau Records  ==


Freedmen’s Bureau records are usually reliable, because the records were supplied through first-person correspondence or the recording of a marriage.
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands was established in the War Department in March of 1865. It was commonly called the Freedman’s Bureau and was responsible for the management and supervision of matters relating to refuges, freedmen, and abandoned lands. The Bureau assisted disenfranchised Americans, primarily African Americans, with temporal, legal and financial matters, with the intent of helping people to become self-sufficient. Matters handled included the distributing of food and clothing; operating temporary medical facilities; acquiring back pay, bounty payments, and pensions; facilitating the creation of schools, including the founding of Howard University; reuniting family members; handling marriages; and providing banking services. Banking services were provided by the establishment of the Freedman’s Saving and Trust Company, or Freedman’s Bank. <br><br>
The Bureau functioned as an agency of the War Department from approximately June 1865 until December 1868. In 1872, the functions of the Bureau were transferred to the Freedmen’s Branch of the Adjutant General’s Office.<br> <br>
The Bureau assisted over one million African Americans, including many of the nearly four million emancipated slaves, which was over 25% of the population of former slaves in America. <br><br>
The records identify those who sought help from the Bureau at the end of the Civil War. Most supplicants were freed slaves, some of which were military veterans. In addition, a few veterans who were not African Americans also sought help from the Bureau. Freedmen’s Bureau records are usually reliable, because the records were supplied through first-person correspondence or the recording of a marriage.  


== Related FamilySearch Historical Records Collection Articles  ==
== Related FamilySearch Historical Records Collection Articles  ==
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*[[South Carolina, Freedmen Bureau Field Office Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]  
*[[South Carolina, Freedmen Bureau Field Office Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]  
*[[Texas, Freedmen's Bureau Field Office Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]
*[[Texas, Freedmen's Bureau Field Office Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]
== How You Can Contribute  ==
{{Contributor_invite}}


== Citing this Collection  ==
== Citing this Collection  ==
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'''Collection citation''':<br> {{Collection citation | text= "United States, Freedmen's Bureau Records of Persons and Articles Hired." Index and Images. <i>FamilySearch</i>. http://FamilySearch.org : accessed 2016. Citing various NARA microfilm publications. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration.}}<br> <br>
'''Collection citation''':<br> {{Collection citation | text= "United States, Freedmen's Bureau Records of Persons and Articles Hired." Index and Images. <i>FamilySearch</i>. http://FamilySearch.org : accessed 2016. Citing various NARA microfilm publications. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration.}}<br> <br>
'''Record citation''' (or citation for the index entry):<br> {{Record Citation Link
'''Record citation''' (or citation for the index entry):<br> {{Record Citation Link
|CID=CID2515868
|CID=CID2515868
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|title=United States, Freedmen's Bureau Records of Persons and Articles Hired, 1865-1872
|title=United States, Freedmen's Bureau Records of Persons and Articles Hired, 1865-1872
}}
}}
== How You Can Contribute  ==
{{Contributor_invite}}
[[Category:NARA_Freedmen's_Bureau]]
[[Category:NARA_Freedmen's_Bureau]]
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