Bureau of Indian Affairs Officials: Difference between revisions
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<br> <br> Government records, personal journals, diaries, letters of government officials may lead to information about a tribe, tribal leaders and interactions between the tribe and government officials, giving details known only to those assigned official responsibilities. <br> | <br> <br> Government records, personal journals, diaries, letters of government officials may lead to information about a tribe, tribal leaders and interactions between the tribe and government officials, giving details known only to those assigned official responsibilities. <br> | ||
Records may be located in the National Archives and its centers, Presidential Libraries, University Libraries, Historical and Genealogical Societies. Records may also be located in Agency, or Area Offices. <br> | Records may be located in the [https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/American_Indian_Archives_and_Libraries National Archives ]and its centers, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_library Presidential Libraries], University Libraries, Historical and Genealogical Societies. Records may also be located in [[Agencies_of_the_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs|Agency]], or [[Area_Offices_of_the_Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs|Area Offices]]. <br> | ||
=== Administrators of United States Federal Indian Policy 1789 to the Present === | === Administrators of United States Federal Indian Policy 1789 to the Present === | ||
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==== Secretaries of War ==== | ==== Secretaries of War ==== | ||
'''Secretaries ''' Appointment | '''Secretaries ''' Appointment President | ||
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Knox Henry Knox] 1789 George Washington <br> [http://wardepartmentpapers.org/searchresults.php?searchClass=fulltextSearch&fulltextQuery=Thomas+Pickering Thomas Pickering] 1795 George Washington <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McHenry James McHenry] 1796 George Washington and John Adams <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Dexter Samuel Dexter] 1800 John Adams<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Dearborn Henry Dearborn] 1801 Thomas Jefferson<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Eustis William Eustis] 1809 James Madison <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Armstrong,_Jr. John Armstrong] 1813 James Madison <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Monroe James Monroe] 1814 James Madison <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Crawford William H. Crawford] 1815 James Madison and James Monroe <br>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Calhoun John C. Calhoun] 1817 James Monroe <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_L._McKenney Thomas L. McKenney] 1824-1830 (Head of BIA) James Monroe, John Q. Adams,and Andrew Jackson <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Barbour James Barbour] 1825 John Quincy Adams <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Buell_Porter Peter B. Porter] 1828 John Quincy Adams<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Eaton_(politician) John H. Eaton] 1829 Andrew Jackson<br> Samuel S. Hamilton 1830-31 (Head of BIA) Andrew Jackson<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Cass Lewis Cass] 1831 Andrew Jackson <br> <br> | |||
====Commissioner of Indian Affairs==== | |||
'''Commissioner''' Appointment President | '''Commissioner''' Appointment President | ||
Elbert Herring 1832 Andrew Jackson <br> Carey A. Harris 1836 | Elbert Herring 1832 Andrew Jackson <br> Carey A. Harris 1836 Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hartley_Crawford T. Hartley Crawford] 1838 Martin Van Buren, William H. Harrison, and John Tyler <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Medill William Medill] 1845& James K. Polk and Zachary Taylor <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlando_Brown_(Kentucky) Orlando Brown] 1849 Zachary Taylor and Millard Filmore <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luke_Lea Luke Lea] 1850 Millard Fillmore <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_Manypenny George W. Manypenny] 1853 Franklin Pierce<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W._Denver James W. Denver] 1857 James Buchanan <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Eli_Mix Charles E. Mix] 1858 James Buchanan <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W._Denver James W. Denver] 1858 James Buchanan <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_B._Greenwood Alfred B. Greenwood] 1859 James Buchanan<br> William P. Dole 1861 Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson <br> Dennis Cooley 1865 Andrew Johnson <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_V._Bogy Lewis V. Bogy] 1866 Andrew Johnson <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Green_Taylor Nathaniel G. Taylo]r 1867 Andrew Johnson <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ely_S._Parker Eli S. Parker] 1869 Ulysses S. Grant <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Amasa_Walker Francis A. Walke]r 1871 Ulysses S. Grant <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Parmelee_Smith Edward P. Smith] 1873 Ulysses S. Grant <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Quincy_Smith John Q. Smith] 1875 Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes<br> Ezra A. Hayt 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowland_E._Trowbridge R. E. Trowbridge] 1880 Rutherford B. Hayes <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiram_Price Hiram Price] 1881 James Garfield and Chester A .Arthur <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_DeWitt_Clinton_Atkins John D. C. Atkins] 1885 Grover Cleveland <br> John H. Oberly 1888 Grover Cleveland <br> Thomas J. Morgan 1889 Benjamin Harrison <br> Daniel M. Browning 1893 Grover Cleveland <br> [http://www.jonesmansion.com/history/biography.htm William A. Jones] 1897 William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt<br> Francis E. Leupp 1904 Theodore Roosevelt <br> [http://www.masshist.org/collection-guides/view/fa0383 Robert G. Valentine] 1909 William Howard Taft (link Valentine Papers at Massachusetts Historical Society)<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato_Sells Cato Sell] 1913 Woodrow Wilson <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Burke Charles H. Burke] 1921 Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge <br> [http://www.federalreservehistory.org/People/DetailView/229 Charles J. Rhoads] 1929 Herbert Hoover <br> [http://biography.yourdictionary.com/john-collier John Collie]r 1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt <br> [https://www.trumanlibrary.org/hstpaper/brophyws.htm William A. Brophy] 1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S.Truman (link Brophy Papers Truman Library)<br> John R. Nichols 1949 Harry S. Truman <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dillon_S._Myer Dillon S. Myer] 1950 Harry S. Truman (link to [https://www.trumanlibrary.org/hstpaper/myers.htm papers in Truman Library])<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn_L._Emmons Glenn L Emmons] 1953 Dwight D. Eisenhower<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philleo_Nash Philleo Nash] 1961 John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson (lin to [https://www.trumanlibrary.org/hstpaper/nashp.htm papers in Truman Library])<br> Robert L. Bennett 1966 Lyndon B. Johnson<br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_Bruce Louis R. Bruce] 1969 Richard M. Nixon <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Thompson Morris Thompson] 1973 Richard M. Nixon <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Reifel Dr. Benjamin Reife]l 1976 Gerald R. Ford <br> <br> | ||
==== '''Assistant Secretaries of Interior for Indian Affairs''' ==== | ==== '''Assistant Secretaries of Interior for Indian Affairs''' ==== | ||
'''Assistant Secretaries ''' Appointment President | '''Assistant Secretaries ''' Appointment President | ||
[http://nativenewsonline.net/currents/forrest-gerard-blackfeet-architect-indian-self-determination-walked/ Forrest Gerald] 1977 Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter<br> William E. Hallett 1979 Jimmy Carter <br> Kenneth L. Smith 1981 Ronald Reagan <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_Swimmer Ross O. Simmer ]1985 George H. Bush <br> [https://webapp4.asu.edu/directory/person/750184 Eddie Frank Brown] 1989 George H. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Deer Ada E. Deer] 1993 Bill Clinton<br> Kevin Gover 1997 Bill Clinton <br> James H. McDivitt (acting) 2001 Bill Clinton and George W. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal_McCaleb Neal A. McCaleb] 2001 George W. Bush <br> Aurene M. Martin (acting) 2003 George W. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_W._Anderson Dave W. Anderson] 2004 George W. Bush <br> Jim Cason (acting) 2005 George W. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_J._Artman Carl J. Artman] 2007 George W. Bush <br> [http://www.allgov.com/officials/skibine-george?officialid=28524 George T. Skibine] (acting) 2008 George W. Bush and Barack Obama <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Echo_Hawk Larry Echo Hawk] 2009 Barack Obama <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Laverdure Donald “Del” Laverdure] 2012 Barack Obama <br>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_K._Washburn Kevin K. Washburn] 2012 Barack Obama<br> | [http://nativenewsonline.net/currents/forrest-gerard-blackfeet-architect-indian-self-determination-walked/ Forrest Gerald] 1977 Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter<br> William E. Hallett 1979 Jimmy Carter <br> Kenneth L. Smith 1981 Ronald Reagan <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_Swimmer Ross O. Simmer ]1985 George H. Bush <br> [https://webapp4.asu.edu/directory/person/750184 Eddie Frank Brown] 1989 George H. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Deer Ada E. Deer] 1993 Bill Clinton<br> Kevin Gover 1997 Bill Clinton <br> James H. McDivitt (acting) 2001 Bill Clinton and George W. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal_McCaleb Neal A. McCaleb] 2001 George W. Bush <br> Aurene M. Martin (acting) 2003 George W. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_W._Anderson Dave W. Anderson] 2004 George W. Bush <br> Jim Cason (acting) 2005 George W. Bush <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_J._Artman Carl J. Artman] 2007 George W. Bush <br> [http://www.allgov.com/officials/skibine-george?officialid=28524 George T. Skibine] (acting) 2008 George W. Bush and Barack Obama <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Echo_Hawk Larry Echo Hawk] 2009 Barack Obama <br> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Laverdure Donald “Del” Laverdure] 2012 Barack Obama <br>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_K._Washburn Kevin K. Washburn] 2012 Barack Obama<br> | ||
Revision as of 08:18, 29 December 2015
United States 
American Indian Research Bureau of Indian AffairsOfficials
Government records, personal journals, diaries, letters of government officials may lead to information about a tribe, tribal leaders and interactions between the tribe and government officials, giving details known only to those assigned official responsibilities.
Records may be located in the National Archives and its centers, Presidential Libraries, University Libraries, Historical and Genealogical Societies. Records may also be located in Agency, or Area Offices.
Administrators of United States Federal Indian Policy 1789 to the Present[edit | edit source]
In 1784 the Congress of the Confederation placed the administration of Indian affairs within the War Department, with the Secretary of War directed to place armed militia at the disposal of the Indian Commissioners "for negotiating treaties with the Indians." [1]
Secretaries of War[edit | edit source]
Secretaries Appointment President
Henry Knox 1789 George Washington
Thomas Pickering 1795 George Washington
James McHenry 1796 George Washington and John Adams
Samuel Dexter 1800 John Adams
Henry Dearborn 1801 Thomas Jefferson
William Eustis 1809 James Madison
John Armstrong 1813 James Madison
James Monroe 1814 James Madison
William H. Crawford 1815 James Madison and James Monroe
John C. Calhoun 1817 James Monroe
Thomas L. McKenney 1824-1830 (Head of BIA) James Monroe, John Q. Adams,and Andrew Jackson
James Barbour 1825 John Quincy Adams
Peter B. Porter 1828 John Quincy Adams
John H. Eaton 1829 Andrew Jackson
Samuel S. Hamilton 1830-31 (Head of BIA) Andrew Jackson
Lewis Cass 1831 Andrew Jackson
Commissioner of Indian Affairs[edit | edit source]
Commissioner Appointment President
Elbert Herring 1832 Andrew Jackson
Carey A. Harris 1836 Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren
T. Hartley Crawford 1838 Martin Van Buren, William H. Harrison, and John Tyler
William Medill 1845& James K. Polk and Zachary Taylor
Orlando Brown 1849 Zachary Taylor and Millard Filmore
Luke Lea 1850 Millard Fillmore
George W. Manypenny 1853 Franklin Pierce
James W. Denver 1857 James Buchanan
Charles E. Mix 1858 James Buchanan
James W. Denver 1858 James Buchanan
Alfred B. Greenwood 1859 James Buchanan
William P. Dole 1861 Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson
Dennis Cooley 1865 Andrew Johnson
Lewis V. Bogy 1866 Andrew Johnson
Nathaniel G. Taylor 1867 Andrew Johnson
Eli S. Parker 1869 Ulysses S. Grant
Francis A. Walker 1871 Ulysses S. Grant
Edward P. Smith 1873 Ulysses S. Grant
John Q. Smith 1875 Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes
Ezra A. Hayt 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes
R. E. Trowbridge 1880 Rutherford B. Hayes
Hiram Price 1881 James Garfield and Chester A .Arthur
John D. C. Atkins 1885 Grover Cleveland
John H. Oberly 1888 Grover Cleveland
Thomas J. Morgan 1889 Benjamin Harrison
Daniel M. Browning 1893 Grover Cleveland
William A. Jones 1897 William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt
Francis E. Leupp 1904 Theodore Roosevelt
Robert G. Valentine 1909 William Howard Taft (link Valentine Papers at Massachusetts Historical Society)
Cato Sell 1913 Woodrow Wilson
Charles H. Burke 1921 Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge
Charles J. Rhoads 1929 Herbert Hoover
John Collier 1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt
William A. Brophy 1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S.Truman (link Brophy Papers Truman Library)
John R. Nichols 1949 Harry S. Truman
Dillon S. Myer 1950 Harry S. Truman (link to papers in Truman Library)
Glenn L Emmons 1953 Dwight D. Eisenhower
Philleo Nash 1961 John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B.Johnson (lin to papers in Truman Library)
Robert L. Bennett 1966 Lyndon B. Johnson
Louis R. Bruce 1969 Richard M. Nixon
Morris Thompson 1973 Richard M. Nixon
Dr. Benjamin Reifel 1976 Gerald R. Ford
Assistant Secretaries of Interior for Indian Affairs[edit | edit source]
Assistant Secretaries Appointment President
Forrest Gerald 1977 Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter
William E. Hallett 1979 Jimmy Carter
Kenneth L. Smith 1981 Ronald Reagan
Ross O. Simmer 1985 George H. Bush
Eddie Frank Brown 1989 George H. Bush
Ada E. Deer 1993 Bill Clinton
Kevin Gover 1997 Bill Clinton
James H. McDivitt (acting) 2001 Bill Clinton and George W. Bush
Neal A. McCaleb 2001 George W. Bush
Aurene M. Martin (acting) 2003 George W. Bush
Dave W. Anderson 2004 George W. Bush
Jim Cason (acting) 2005 George W. Bush
Carl J. Artman 2007 George W. Bush
George T. Skibine (acting) 2008 George W. Bush and Barack Obama
Larry Echo Hawk 2009 Barack Obama
Donald “Del” Laverdure 2012 Barack Obama
Kevin K. Washburn 2012 Barack Obama
- ↑ Federal Indian Policies, from the Colonial Period through the Early 1970’s. Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S.Department of the Interior. President Richard M. Nixon and Louis R. Bruce. C. 1970
Reference[edit | edit source]
Federal Indian Policies, from the Colonial Period through the Early 1970’s. Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S.Department of the Interior. President Richard M. Nixon and Louis R. Bruce. C. 1970