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== '''Jurisdictions''' == | == '''Jurisdictions''' == | ||
Most records you search have jurisdictional limitation. That is, they apply only to a certain geographic area and to certain events and/or families. For example, marriage records in the United States are usually recorded by each different county. Many different jurisdictions exercise authority over what records are created or kept about our ancestors. For example, in the United States, naturalization records were kept by the federal, state, city and county jurisdictions. You must know which jurisdictions kept the records you are seeking in order to select the best records. | Most records you search have jurisdictional limitation. That is, they apply only to a certain geographic area and to certain events and/or families. For example, marriage records in the United States are usually recorded by each different county. Many different jurisdictions exercise authority over what records are created or kept about our ancestors. For example, in the United States, naturalization records were kept by the federal, state, city and county jurisdictions. You must know which jurisdictions kept the records you are seeking in order to select the best records.<br> | ||
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| bgcolor="#66ffff" | Wherever people settle, civil, religious, and other leaders exercise authority over them. | |||
'''''Jurisdiction''''' is—<br> | |||
[[Obtain and Search the Records|''Next page'']] <!--{ | * The power, right, or '''''authority''''' to legislate, interpret, and apply civil and religious lawsor social habits and traditions.<br> | ||
<!--{ | * The '''''physical boundaries''''' of an organization's authority. For example, a probate court may have jurisdiction over a county. | ||
'''''Jurisdictions may have several levels'''''. Large jurisdictions (such as churches or governments) may be divided into smaller ones: a nation is divided into states: a state into counties. | |||
'''''Geographical features''''' such as rivers, mountains, and lakes affect jurisdiction boundaries. | |||
'''''Jurisdictions overlap'''''. People usually live in many overlapping jurisdictions at once, such as school, church, or town boundaries. | |||
'''''Jurisdictions change over time'''''. Today's boundaries may have changed many times since your ancestor lived there. | |||
'''Records of Jurisdictions'''<br>Those jurisdictions create or keep records useful to the genealogist: | |||
* ''Governments''. These are the most common jurisdictions. They often keep records of birth, marriage, death, land ownership, court decrees, military experience, population counts, taxes, and so forth. There are usually several levels, such as national, regional, district, local, and municipal. See [[Select Records to Search#Modern Governmental Jurisdictions|Modern Governental Jurisdictions]]. | |||
* ''Religious Organizations''. Churches usually have a local jurisdiction, such as a parish, congregation, or ward. Several local groups usually belong to a conference, association, diocese, synod, or stake. Religious orders or fraternal groups may also have jurisdictions. They keep records of those events that are considered sacred or essential to their members' salvation, such as baptisms, christenings, and meeting minutes. | |||
* ''Families''. This fundamental unit of society is usually informally organized into immediate, extended, or ancestral families. They keep family Bibles, journals, letters, and other records. | |||
* ''Business/Employment''. Commercial companies, unions, and professional associations keep records of commerce, personnel, pensions, and so forth. | |||
* ''Institutions''. Libraries, archives, and other repositories generally collect records for a specific jurisdiction, but also create some records such as catalogs or inventories. Other institutions such as hospitals, prisons, businesses and schools keep records of people they served. | |||
* ''Societies''. Groups based on similar interests or goals (including ethnic, patriotic, fraternal, and genealogical societies) often keep valuable records and membership lists. | |||
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[[Category:Beginners]] | [[Category:Beginners]] | ||