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'''[[Image:Sauk Indian family by Frank Rinehart 1899.jpg|frame|right|360x280px]]'''  
'''[[Image:Sauk Indian family by Frank Rinehart 1899.jpg|frame|right|360x280px]]'''  


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To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  


<br>'''Ancestral Homeland:''' Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri  
<br>'''Ancestral Homeland:''' [[Indians of Wis|Wisconsin]], [[Indians_of_Illinois|Illinois]], Iowa, and [[Indians_of_Missouri|Missouri]]


==== Leaders: [http://chiefblackhawk.blogspot.com Black Hawk], [http://keokukchief.blogspot.com Keokuk]  ====
==== Leaders: [http://chiefblackhawk.blogspot.com Black Hawk], [http://keokukchief.blogspot.com Keokuk]  ====


Members of the Sac and Fox Tribe presently reside primarliy in [[Indians of Iowa|Iowa]], Missouri, and Oklahoma. <span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1266950938568_268" />  
Members of the Sac and Fox Tribe presently reside primarily in [[Indians of Iowa|Iowa]], Missouri, and [[Indians_of_Oklahoma|Oklahoma]]. <span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1266950938568_268" />  


== Tribal Headquarters  ==
=== Tribal Headquarters  ===


*[http://www.sacandfoxnation-nsn.gov/index.htm Official Tribal Web Site]
*[http://www.sacandfoxnation-nsn.gov/index.htm Official Tribal Web Site]


== History  ==
=== History  ===


*A brief history of the [http://www.nativeamericans.com/SacandFox.htm Sac and Fox] tribe  
*A brief history of the [http://www.nativeamericans.com/SacandFox.htm Sac and Fox] tribe  
*Allie B. Busby. Two Summers Among the Musquakies Relating to the Early History of the Sac and Fox Tribe&nbsp; FHL Film 989445 item 7
*Allie B. Busby. Two Summers Among the Musquakies Relating to the Early History of the Sac and Fox Tribe FHL Film 989445 item 7


=== Brief Timeline  ===
=== Brief Timeline  ===
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*1665–1712: Three relatively small tribes (including the Sauk and the Fox) failed to overcome the French and allied Indians; they then fled to central Wisconsin.  
*1665–1712: Three relatively small tribes (including the Sauk and the Fox) failed to overcome the French and allied Indians; they then fled to central Wisconsin.  
*1728: A series of attacks nearly destroyed the remaining Fox tribe.  
*1728: A series of attacks nearly destroyed the remaining Fox tribe.  
*1734: Sac and Fox&nbsp;tribes,became one tribe  
*1734: Sac and Fox tribes,became one tribe  
*1824-1841:[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-Breed_Tract Half-Breed Tract] (of land) set aside for the orphans and widows of trappers. Tribes: Sac and Fox, Oto, Loway, Omaha, and Santee Sioux.&nbsp; This land later became Lee County, Iowa.  
*1824-1841:[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-Breed_Tract Half-Breed Tract] (of land) set aside for the orphans and widows of trappers. Tribes: Sac and Fox, [[Oto_Indians|Oto]], Loway, [[Omaha_Indians|Omaha]], and [[Flandreau_Santee_Sioux_Tribe|Santee Sioux]].This land later became Lee County, Iowa.  
*1832: Fox survivors moved southward into Iowa and aligned with the Sauk in the Black Hawk War. The Sauk and Fox tribes merged and were forced to move into Kansas by a U.S. government proclamation. Later the Fox tribe returned to Iowa and lived on a settlement tract of 80 acres that they had purchased.  
*1832: Fox survivors moved southward into Iowa and aligned with the Sauk in the [[Black_Hawk_War,_1832|Black Hawk War]]. The Sauk and Fox tribes merged and were forced to move into [[Indians_of_Kansas|Kansas]] by a U.S. government proclamation. Later the Fox tribe returned to Iowa and lived on a settlement tract of 80 acres that they had purchased.  
*1867 Sauk and Fox remove from Kansas to Indian Territory.  
*1867 Sauk and Fox remove from Kansas to Indian Territory.  
*1891 Sac and Fox-Shawnee Land in Oklahoma opened for settlement.
*1891 Sac and Fox-Shawnee Land in Oklahoma opened for settlement.


=== Additional References to the History of the Tribe  ===
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe  ====


Green, Charles Ransley. Early Days in Kansas.&nbsp;&nbsp; [https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1894433 FamilySearch digital version]&nbsp; FHL book 970.1 G82e [http://www.worldcat.org/title/early-days-in-kansas-in-keokuks-time-on-the-kansas-reservation-being-various-incidents-pertaining-to-the-keokuks-the-sac-fox-indians-mississippi-band-and-tales-of-the-early-settlers-life-on-the-kansas-reservation-located-on-the-head-waters-of-the-osage-river-1846-1870/oclc/866098548 WorldCat]  
Green, Charles Ransley. Early Days in Kansas.[https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1894433 FamilySearch digital version]FHL book 970.1 G82e [http://www.worldcat.org/title/early-days-in-kansas-in-keokuks-time-on-the-kansas-reservation-being-various-incidents-pertaining-to-the-keokuks-the-sac-fox-indians-mississippi-band-and-tales-of-the-early-settlers-life-on-the-kansas-reservation-located-on-the-head-waters-of-the-osage-river-1846-1870/oclc/866098548 WorldCat]  


Green, Charles Ransley. Sac and Fox Indians in Kansas. FHL|1808833|disp=FHL book 970.1 G82s [http://www.worldcat.org/title/sac-and-fox-indians-in-kansas-mokohokos-stubbornness-some-history-of-the-band-of-indians-who-staid-behind-their-tribe-16-yrs-as-given-by-pioneers/oclc/45948426 WorldCat]<br>
Green, Charles Ransley. Sac and Fox Indians in Kansas. FHL|1808833|disp=FHL book 970.1 G82s [http://www.worldcat.org/title/sac-and-fox-indians-in-kansas-mokohokos-stubbornness-some-history-of-the-band-of-indians-who-staid-behind-their-tribe-16-yrs-as-given-by-pioneers/oclc/45948426 WorldCat]<br>  


== Reservation  ==
=== Reservation  ===


Reservation a tract of land set aside for occupationa and use by American Indians.  
Reservation a tract of land set aside for occupation and use by American Indians.  


From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.  
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.  
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The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/il.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. There are no current federally-recognized reservations in Illinois.  
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/il.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. There are no current federally-recognized reservations in Illinois.  


<br>  
=== Records  ===
 
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>  
 
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]
 
==== Records Available through the Family History Library ====


== Records  ==
*''Indian (Sac and Fox) Census of Iowa, ca. 1836–1840''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1978. FHL | Film 1022202 item 4


The following are examples of records for this tribe at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City:
*United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. ''Indian Census Rolls, 1885–1940''. Washington, DC, 1965. FHL | Films 581444–445 These rolls include the Sauk and Fox census rolls from 1888 to 1939. FHL|Film 581446 includes births and deaths from 1924 to 1932.


*''Indian (Sac and Fox) Census of Iowa, ca. 1836–1840''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1978. {{FHL | Film 1022202}} item 4
*''Annuity Payroll of the Sac and Fox of the Mississippi in Iowa, Sept. 15, 1910''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1975. FHL |Film 0989445 item 12 This record serves as a partial census for this tribe.
*United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. ''Indian Census Rolls, 1885–1940''. Washington, DC, 1965. {{FHL | Films 581444–445}} These rolls include the Sauk and Fox census rolls from 1888 to 1939. {{ FHL|Film 581446 }}includes births and deaths from 1924 to 1932.
*''Annuity Payroll of the Sac and Fox of the Mississippi in Iowa, Sept. 15, 1910''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1975. {{FHL |Film 0989445}} item 12 This record serves as a partial census for this tribe.


Annuity Pay Roll 1910 of the Sac and Fox of the Mississippi in Iowa {{FHL |film 989445}} item 12  
*Annuity Pay Roll 1910 of the Sac and Fox of the Mississippi in Iowa FHL |film 989445 item 12


'''Treaties'''
=== Treaties ===


*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0018.htm 1789] January 9, at Fort Harmer &nbsp;
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0018.htm 1789] January 9, at Fort Harmer  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0074.htm 1804] November 3, at St. Louis  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0074.htm 1804] November 3, at St. Louis  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/fox0121.htm 1815]&nbsp;September 14, at Portage des Sioux  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/fox0121.htm 1815]September 14, at Portage des Sioux  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0120.htm 1815]&nbsp;September 13,  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0120.htm 1815]September 13,  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0126.htm 1816] May 13, at St. Louis  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0126.htm 1816] May 13, at St. Louis  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0202.htm 1822] September 3, at Fort Armstrong  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0202.htm 1822] September 3, at Fort Armstrong  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sio0250.htm 1825]&nbsp; August 19, at Prairie des Chiens  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sio0250.htm 1825] August 19, at Prairie des Chiens  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0305.htm 1830] July 15, at Prairie des Chiens  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0305.htm 1830] July 15, at Prairie des Chiens  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0349.htm 1832] September 12, at Fort Armstrong  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0349.htm 1832] September 12, at Fort Armstrong  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/iow0468.htm 1836]&nbsp; September 17, at Fort Leavenworth  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/iow0468.htm 1836] September 17, at Fort Leavenworth  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0473.htm 1836] September 27,  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0473.htm 1836] September 27,  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0474.htm 1836] September 28, on right bank of Mississippi River, county of Debuque, Territory of Wisconsin  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0474.htm 1836] September 28, on right bank of Mississippi River, county of Debuque, Territory of Wisconsin  
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*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0546.htm 1842] October 11, Territory of Iowa  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0546.htm 1842] October 11, Territory of Iowa  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0631.htm 1854] May 18, at Washington  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0631.htm 1854] May 18, at Washington  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0796.htm 1859]&nbsp; October 1, at Sax and Fox Agency,Territory of Kansas  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0796.htm 1859] October 1, at Sax and Fox Agency,Territory of Kansas  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0811.htm 1861] March 6, at Great Nemaba Agency, Nebraska Territory  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0811.htm 1861] March 6, at Great Nemaba Agency, Nebraska Territory  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0951.htm 1867] February 18,
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sau0951.htm 1867] February 18,


== Important Web Sites  ==
=== Important Web Sites  ===


*[http://www.sacandfoxnation-nsn.gov/index.htm Official Tribal Web Site]  
*[http://www.sacandfoxnation-nsn.gov/index.htm Official Tribal Web Site]  
*[http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA/ias&fcons.html Constitution and By-Laws of the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississipi in Iowa] 1938  
*[http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA/ias&fcons.html Constitution and By-Laws of the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa] 1938  
*[http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA/sfcons.html Constitution and By-Laws of the Sac and Fox Reservation in Kansas and Nebraska] 1937  
*[http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA/sfcons.html Constitution and By-Laws of the Sac and Fox Reservation in Kansas and Nebraska] 1937  
*[http://www.tribalresourcecenter.org/ccfolder/sac_fox_const.htm Constitution of the Sac and Fox Nation]  
*[http://www.tribalresourcecenter.org/ccfolder/sac_fox_const.htm Constitution of the Sac and Fox Nation]  
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*A brief history of the [http://www.nativeamericans.com/SacandFox.htm Sac and Fox] tribe
*A brief history of the [http://www.nativeamericans.com/SacandFox.htm Sac and Fox] tribe


== References  ==
=== References  ===


<references />  
<references />  
HealeyJE
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