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== History == | == History == | ||
The history of the Ottawa Indians places them, at the first contact with Europeans, in what was to become Ontario, Canada. in the 1600s. They are usually associated with Manitoulin Island and the shores of Georgian Bay in Lake Huron, in what is now the Province of Ontario<ref>History of the Ottawa Tribe from the Handbook of American Indians by Frederick Webb Hodge [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ottawa/ottawahist.htm Available online]</ref>. | The history of the Ottawa Indians places them, at the first contact with Europeans, in what was to become Ontario, Canada. in the 1600s. They are usually associated with Manitoulin Island and the shores of Georgian Bay in Lake Huron, in what is now the Province of Ontario<ref>History of the Ottawa Tribe from the Handbook of American Indians by Frederick Webb Hodge [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ottawa/ottawahist.htm Available online]</ref>. | ||
Many of the Ottawa migrated south and west and settled in what became Michigan in the 1700s and by the early 1800s the Three Fires Confederacy (which include the Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi) occupied much of that area. In 1836, the Ottawa ceded nearly two-thirds of their land to the United States and in 1837, Michigan was created. | Many of the Ottawa migrated south and west and settled in what became Michigan in the 1700s and by the early 1800s the Three Fires Confederacy (which include the Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawatomi) occupied much of that area. In 1836, the Ottawa ceded nearly two-thirds of their land to the United States and in 1837, Michigan was created. | ||
In 1855, the Ottawa signed another treaty with the U.S. government at which time reserves were created in Leelanau and Antrim Counties. The Bureau of Indian Affairs considered the tribe "terminated" with the signing of that treaty and thus were not considered an official tribe from 1855 to 1980. The Bureau of Indian | In 1855, the Ottawa signed another treaty with the U.S. government at which time reserves were created in [[Leelanau_County,_Michigan|Leelanau]] and [[Antrim_County,_Michigan|Antrim]] Counties. The Bureau of Indian Affairs considered the tribe "terminated" with the signing of that treaty and thus were not considered an official tribe from 1855 to 1980. The Bureau of Indian Affairs, after several petitions for recognition over nearly 50 years, again officially recognized the tribe in 1980<ref>History of the Ottawa Tribe from the Grand Traverse Band web site [http://www.gtbindians.org/history.html Available online]</ref>. | ||
Another group of Ottawa Indians lived in northern Ohio and participated in many of the War of 1812 under the leadership of Pontiac, who was a well-known chief of the tribe. They were a party to the Treaty of Greenville, signed in Indiana. Some members of this part of the Ottawa | Another group of Ottawa Indians lived in northern Ohio and participated in many of the War of 1812 under the leadership of Pontiac, who was a well-known chief of the tribe. They were a party to the Treaty of Greenville, signed in Indiana. Some members of this part of the Ottawa Nation were removed to Kansas and later to Oklahome<ref>"Ottawa Indians", Ohio History Central, July 1, 2005, http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=614</ref>. | ||
== Tribal Headquarters == | == Tribal Headquarters == | ||
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== Records == | == Records == | ||
[http://www. | Some early records of the Ottawa Tribe are included in the [http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html#75.19.55 records of the Mackinac Agency] now in the Great Lakes Regional Archives of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in Chicago<ref>Guide to Federal Records, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75. [http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Available online].</ref>. | ||
Since the tribe was not officially recognized for over 100 years, some documents pertaining to those with Ottawa blood are a part of the county records where they resided. | |||
The following records of the Ottawa have been transcribed and are available online: | |||
[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Reports.pdf Additions to the Durant Roll], 1909 and later. | *[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/1836mb.pdf 1836 census] of Mixed-Blood Ottawas and Chippewas of Michigan | ||
*[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Grand_River_allotment.pdf 1853 annuity] paid to heads of families and individuals of the Ottawa Tribe at the [[Michigan Indian Agency|Michigan Agency]] | |||
*[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Durant08.pdf 1908 census roll] of persons and their descendants who were on the roll of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians in 1870 and who were living on March 4, 1907, as enumerated by Horace B. Durant. It is also called the Durant Roll. | |||
*[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Reports.pdf Additions to the Durant Roll], 1909 and later. | |||
== Important Web Sites == | == Important Web Sites == | ||