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Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Montana) (view source)
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Read the October 17, 1855 Blackfeet Treaty text. It is the home of the Assiniboine, Blackfeet, Flathead (included as being Flathead are the Kalispel, Pend d'Oreille, and Spokane), the Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians, and the Nez Perce who are really the Amikwa Chippewa's. | Read the October 17, 1855 Blackfeet Treaty text. It is the home of the Assiniboine, Blackfeet, Flathead (included as being Flathead are the Kalispel, Pend d'Oreille, and Spokane), the Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians, and the Nez Perce who are really the Amikwa Chippewa's. | ||
== 1896: Chippewa's Relocated To Fort Belknap Reservation == | |||
During June and July of 1896, the United States forcefully relocated several thousand Chippewa's from the Little Shell Chippewa's Blackfeet Reservation (aka Turtle Mountain Reservation), to Fort Belknap Reservation. In May of 1895, chiefs Little Shell III and Red Thunder were arrested and that ended their efforts to preserve the Little Shell Chippewa's Reservation. Also during 1895, the United States reached an agreement with leaders of Fort Belknap Reservation to purchase the southern part of the Reservation. They claim for mineral entry but it was for the eventual Deportations in 1896. It covered the southern part of Fort Belknap Reservation. An unknown number of Chippewa's were deported to Fort Belknap Reservation during June and July of 1896. | |||
== Little Shell Chippewa Tribe == | |||
In 1921, a meeting was held at Joseph Paul's family's ranch near Lewistown, Montana. It was probably about filing a land claims lawsuit about the original Blackfeet Reservation which was created on September 17, 1851. However, the Little Shell Blackfeet Chippewa's continued to govern the original Blackfeet Reservation which was created on September 17, 1851. | In 1921, a meeting was held at Joseph Paul's family's ranch near Lewistown, Montana. It was probably about filing a land claims lawsuit about the original Blackfeet Reservation which was created on September 17, 1851. However, the Little Shell Blackfeet Chippewa's continued to govern the original Blackfeet Reservation which was created on September 17, 1851. | ||
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To learn more about the Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana and how they governed their original Blackfeet Reservation, click thislink [http://www.indianaffairs.gov/cs/groups/xofa/documents/text/idc-001419.pdf www.indianaffairs.gov/cs/groups/xofa/documents/text/idc-001419.pdf]. On page 119 (not on the adobe acrobat reader but on the pdf book pages) is the information about the June 10, 1939 meeting at Joseph Paul's home in Great Falls, Montana. On page 92, under "The Creation of Organizations in Montana, 1920-1936," is information about the first so called Little Shell Tribe organization in Montana. Howard Paul (Joseph Paul's son) preserved the information. The meeting was held at Joseph Paul's family's ranch near Lewistown, Montana, in 1921. | To learn more about the Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana and how they governed their original Blackfeet Reservation, click thislink [http://www.indianaffairs.gov/cs/groups/xofa/documents/text/idc-001419.pdf www.indianaffairs.gov/cs/groups/xofa/documents/text/idc-001419.pdf]. On page 119 (not on the adobe acrobat reader but on the pdf book pages) is the information about the June 10, 1939 meeting at Joseph Paul's home in Great Falls, Montana. On page 92, under "The Creation of Organizations in Montana, 1920-1936," is information about the first so called Little Shell Tribe organization in Montana. Howard Paul (Joseph Paul's son) preserved the information. The meeting was held at Joseph Paul's family's ranch near Lewistown, Montana, in 1921. | ||
They almost completely ignored Joseph Paul and focused primarily on Joseph Dussome. If you read the pdf book, you will have no choice but to agree that Joseph Paul was far more important. And they focused too much of their attention on the Metis or mixed bloods. And they did not mention anything about the original Blackfeet Reservation which the Little Shell Tribe continued to govern until at least 1939. Click [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/S?ammem/hlaw:@filreq%28@band%28@field%28DATE+18510917%20%28Treaty%20of%20Fort%20Laramie%20never%20ratified.%29%29+@field%28FLD003+@band%28llss+c56%29%29%29+@field%28COLLID+llss%29%29 memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/S] this link, to read the September 17, 1851 Fort Laramie Treaty which created and defined the Blackfeet Territory which is the original Blackfeet Reservation. | They almost completely ignored Joseph Paul and focused primarily on Joseph Dussome. If you read the pdf book, you will have no choice but to agree that Joseph Paul was far more important. And they focused too much of their attention on the Metis or mixed bloods. And they did not mention anything about the original Blackfeet Reservation which the Little Shell Tribe continued to govern until at least 1939. Click [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/S?ammem/hlaw:@filreq%28@band%28@field%28DATE+18510917%20%28Treaty%20of%20Fort%20Laramie%20never%20ratified.%29%29+@field%28FLD003+@band%28llss+c56%29%29%29+@field%28COLLID+llss%29%29 memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/S] this link, to read the September 17, 1851 Fort Laramie Treaty which created and defined the Blackfeet Territory which is the original Blackfeet Reservation. | ||
== 1909: Land Added To Fort Belknap Reservation == | == 1909: Land Added To Fort Belknap Reservation == | ||
In 1908, Indian Agent Frank Churchill was sent to Montana to find chief Rocky Boy to negotiate about the Land Acts. Churchill found chief Rocky Boy at a Chippewa vllage near Garrison, Montana and St. Peters Mission which was very near Ulm, Montana which is 8 miles southwest of Great Falls. Both negotiated about the upcoming land acts and how to avoid violence. Fort Belknap Reservation was the most dangerous location. Next was Fort Peck Reservation. White settlers new Fort Peck Reservation contained an abundance of excellent agriculture land and wanted it. They complained bitterly about eradicating Fort Peck Reservation. | In 1908, Indian Agent Frank Churchill was sent to Montana to find chief Rocky Boy to negotiate about the Land Acts. Churchill found chief Rocky Boy at a Chippewa vllage near Garrison, Montana and St. Peters Mission which was very near Ulm, Montana which is 8 miles southwest of Great Falls. Both negotiated about the upcoming land acts and how to avoid violence. Fort Belknap Reservation was the most dangerous location. Next was Fort Peck Reservation. White settlers new Fort Peck Reservation contained an abundance of excellent agriculture land and wanted it. They complained bitterly about eradicating Fort Peck Reservation. | ||
In response to the unrest, Churchill requested that all of Valley County, Montana (it was really all of Fort Peck Reservation) be withdrawn from white settlement and a new 2,592 sq. mi. Chippewa Reservation be created for the Chippewa's of Fort Peck Reservation. William R. Logan, who was the Superintendent of Fort Belknap Reservation, was put in charge of finding land for the new Chippewa Reservation. He found the land south and west of Fort Belknap Reservation. It was added on to Fort Belknap Reservation which increased the size of Fort Belknap Reservation to around 3,500 sq. mi. It is actually connected to Rocky Boys Reservation. | In response to the unrest, Churchill requested that all of Valley County, Montana (it was really all of Fort Peck Reservation) be withdrawn from white settlement and a new 2,592 sq. mi. Chippewa Reservation be created for the Chippewa's of Fort Peck Reservation. William R. Logan, who was the Superintendent of Fort Belknap Reservation, was put in charge of finding land for the new Chippewa Reservation. He found the land south and west of Fort Belknap Reservation. It was added on to Fort Belknap Reservation which increased the size of Fort Belknap Reservation to around 3,500 sq. mi. It is actually connected to Rocky Boys Reservation. | ||
== 1934: IRA & Probable Land Loss == | == 1934: IRA & Probable Land Loss == | ||
On June 18, 1934, the Indian Reorganization Act was passed. It was deceitful. It had good intentions while also having illicit intentions. Relocating Reservation Indians to white communities was one of the IRA goals. It was reported | On June 18, 1934, the Indian Reorganization Act was passed. It was deceitful. It had good intentions while also having illicit intentions. Relocating Reservation Indians to white communities was one of the IRA goals. It was reported that the Office of Indian Affairs was considering plans to add land to Rocky Boys Reservation. The office of Indian Affairs was also considering adding land to Fort Belknap Reservation in 1934 and purchasing a tract of land near Great Falls for the Chippewa's who lived in at least 5 Chippewa villages around Great Falls. | ||
What they | What they probably did in 1934, was reduce the size of Fort Belknap Reservation, Rocky Boys Reservation, and the Chippewa Reservation adjacent to Great Falls on the west. They did leave considerable land. Around 80,000 acres for Rocky Boys Reservation and either 34,000 acres or 74,000 acres for Fort Belknap Reservation. You must remember that the United States added land to Fort Belknap Reservation in 1909. You must also remember that before Rocky Boys Reservation was created in 1916, Fort Assiniboine Indian Reservation was already located where Rocky Boys Reservation is. Fort Assiniboine Indian Reservation originally covered around 1,000 sq. mi. Before 1893, it was reduced to probably 500,000 acres. | ||
So both Fort Belknap Reservation and Rocky Boys Reservation, were probably reduced in size in 1934. Fort Belknap Reservation lost the most land. Nearly 2,500 sq. mi. Rocky Boys Reservation was reduced from around 500,000 acres to around 156,000 acres. | So both Fort Belknap Reservation and Rocky Boys Reservation, were probably reduced in size in 1934. Fort Belknap Reservation lost the most land. Nearly 2,500 sq. mi. Rocky Boys Reservation was reduced from around 500,000 acres to around 156,000 acres. | ||
And another fact about 1934, is the land addition to Navajo Reservation. On the Navajo Reservation land addition map, the land added on in 1934, is located in the extreme southern part of Navajo Reservation. If the land added on to Navajo Reservation in 1934, was for the Chippewa's from the Great Falls region, Fort Belknap Reservation, and Rocky Boys Reservation, we don't know how many were relocated to their new Reservations added on to Navajo Reservation in 1934. | And another fact about 1934, is the land addition to Navajo Reservation. On the Navajo Reservation land addition map, the land added on in 1934, is located in the extreme southern part of Navajo Reservation. If the land added on to Navajo Reservation in 1934, was for the Chippewa's from the Great Falls region, Fort Belknap Reservation, and Rocky Boys Reservation, we don't know how many were relocated to their new Reservations added on to Navajo Reservation in 1934. | ||
== Communities | == Communities == | ||
'''Fort Belknap Agency: '''2010 population is '''1,293'''. Indians make up 96.6% of the population of Fort Belknap Agency. There are three distinct communities which make up Fort Belknap Agency. About a half a mile south of the main community of Fort Belknap Agency is a cluster of housing units. It's population is a part of Fort Belknap Agency. About a half a mile south of Central Fort Belknap Agency is another cluster of housing units. It's population is also a part of Fort Belknap Agency. It covers 45.76 sq. mi. Fort Belknap Agency covers a large area. | '''Fort Belknap Agency: '''2010 population is '''1,293'''. Indians make up 96.6% of the population of Fort Belknap Agency. There are three distinct communities which make up Fort Belknap Agency. About a half a mile south of the main community of Fort Belknap Agency is a cluster of housing units. It's population is a part of Fort Belknap Agency. About a half a mile south of Central Fort Belknap Agency is another cluster of housing units. It's population is also a part of Fort Belknap Agency. It covers 45.76 sq. mi. Fort Belknap Agency covers a large area. | ||