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[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png|go to]] [[United States Migration Internal|Migration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png|go to]] [[US Migration Trails and Roads|Trails and Roads]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Massachusetts]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[New York|New York]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] '''Catskill Road'''  
[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png|go to]] [[United States Migration Internal|Migration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png|go to]] [[US Migration Trails and Roads|Trails and Roads]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Massachusetts]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[New York|New York]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] '''Catskill Road'''  


Did an ancestor travel the '''Catskill Road''' of Massachusetts and New York? Learn about this settler migration route, its transportation history, and find related genealogy sources.<br><br>[[Image:{{CatskillRdmap}}]]__TOC__  
Did an ancestor travel the '''Catskill Road''' of Massachusetts and New York? Learn about this settler migration route, its transportation history, and find related genealogy sources.<br><br>[[Image:{{CatskillRdmap}}]]__TOC__
 
=== History  ===
=== History  ===


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The '''[[Catskill Turnpike]]''' was a gateway route into central New York when it opened from Catskill to Unadilla in 1804. Moreover, New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts all approved an important network of '''''feeder&nbsp;''''' turnpike routes leading toward the Catskill Turnpike—which eventually became associated with the Catskill name.  
The '''[[Catskill Turnpike]]''' was a gateway route into central New York when it opened from Catskill to Unadilla in 1804. Moreover, New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts all approved an important network of '''''feeder&nbsp;''''' turnpike routes leading toward the Catskill Turnpike—which eventually became associated with the Catskill name.  


'''Railroad competition.''' The heyday of wagon roads into central New York was the early 1800s before the coming of the railroads in the 1840s and 1850s. Railroads were faster, less expensive, and safer to use than overland wagon roads. As railroads entered an area, the long distance overland wagon roads (especially the toll roads) normally became less used. The heyday of wagon roads into central New York was the early 1800s before the coming of the railroads in the 1840s and 1850s.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_and_Boston_Railroad Hudson and Boston Railroad]] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 23 October 2014).</ref> After the railroads arrived, wagon road travel declined sharply.  
'''Railroad competition.''' The heyday of wagon roads into central New York was the early 1800s before the coming of the railroads in the 1840s and 1850s.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_and_Boston_Railroad Hudson and Boston Railroad]] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 23 October 2014).</ref> Railroads were faster, less expensive, and safer to use than overland wagon roads. As railroads entered an area, the long distance overland wagon roads (especially the toll roads) normally became less used.


=== Route  ===
=== Route  ===
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There may have been several variations of the Catskill Road. New York State historical roadside markers show Ancram was connected by old turnpikes both to (a)&nbsp;Barrington, Massachusetts via Hillsdale (Nobletown), New York, and to (b)&nbsp;Salisbury, Connecticut.<ref>"36 Old Turnpike Road" and "37 Turnpike Road" in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_New_York_State_Historic_Markers_in_Columbia_County,_New_York List of New York State Historic Markers in Columbia County, New York] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 21 October 2014).</ref> Therefore, immigrants from Springfield could have chosen two main routes of similar length to arrive at Catskill:  
There may have been several variations of the Catskill Road. New York State historical roadside markers show Ancram was connected by old turnpikes both to (a)&nbsp;Barrington, Massachusetts via Hillsdale (Nobletown), New York, and to (b)&nbsp;Salisbury, Connecticut.<ref>"36 Old Turnpike Road" and "37 Turnpike Road" in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_New_York_State_Historic_Markers_in_Columbia_County,_New_York List of New York State Historic Markers in Columbia County, New York] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 21 October 2014).</ref> Therefore, immigrants from Springfield could have chosen two main routes of similar length to arrive at Catskill:  


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| <center>'''Catskill Road possible northern route'''</center>  
| <center>'''Catskill Road possible northern route'''</center>  
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::*'''''Rensselaer and Columbia Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from ''Massachusetts 10th Turnpike&nbsp;'' at New Lebanon, NY (Pittsfield, MA) to Rensselaer, NY (Albany, NY); opened 1799; now US-20.<ref name="LOTNY" />  
::*'''''Rensselaer and Columbia Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from ''Massachusetts 10th Turnpike&nbsp;'' at New Lebanon, NY (Pittsfield, MA) to Rensselaer, NY (Albany, NY); opened 1799; now US-20.<ref name="LOTNY" />  
::*'''''Hillsdale and Chatham Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Alford and Egremont Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Alford, MA to Albany, NY; opened 1805.<ref name="LOTNY" /> <ref>Wood, 168.</ref>
::*'''''Hillsdale and Chatham Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Alford and Egremont Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Alford, MA to Albany, NY; opened 1805.<ref name="LOTNY" /> <ref>Wood, 168.</ref>  
::*'''''Columbia Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Massachusetts 12th Turnpike&nbsp;'' '''and''' ''Great Barrington and Alford Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Hillsdale, NY (Egremont, MA) to Hudson, NY (Catskill, NY); opened 1799; now NY-23.<ref name="LOTNY" />  
::*'''''Columbia Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Massachusetts 12th Turnpike&nbsp;'' '''and''' ''Great Barrington and Alford Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Hillsdale, NY (Egremont, MA) to Hudson, NY (Catskill, NY); opened 1799; now NY-23.<ref name="LOTNY" />  
::*'''''Ancram Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Salisbury and Canaan Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Millerton, NY to Catskill, NY; opened 1805; now NY-82.<ref name="Huntt">Isaac Huntting, ''History of the Little Nine Partners of North East Precinct and Pine Plains, New York, Dutchess County'' (Amenia, NY: Chas. Walsh, 1897), 99-101. [http://books.google.com/books?id=hJwvAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;amp;amp;dq=History%20of%20the%20Little%20Nine%20Partners&amp;amp;amp;amp;source=gbs_similarbooks Google Book edition]</ref>  
::*'''''Ancram Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Salisbury and Canaan Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Millerton, NY to Catskill, NY; opened 1805; now NY-82.<ref name="Huntt">Isaac Huntting, ''History of the Little Nine Partners of North East Precinct and Pine Plains, New York, Dutchess County'' (Amenia, NY: Chas. Walsh, 1897), 99-101. [http://books.google.com/books?id=hJwvAAAAYAAJ&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;dq=History%20of%20the%20Little%20Nine%20Partners&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;source=gbs_similarbooks Google Book edition]</ref>  
::*'''''Ulster and Delaware Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Salisbury and Canaan Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Millerton, NY (Salisbury, CT) to Rhinebeck, NY (Kingston, NY), continuing west to the [[Catskill Turnpike]] at Bainbridge, NY; opened 1802; now NY-199.<ref name="LOTNY" /> <ref name="Huntt" /><br>
::*'''''Ulster and Delaware Turnpike&nbsp;''''' from the ''Salisbury and Canaan Turnpike&nbsp;'' at Millerton, NY (Salisbury, CT) to Rhinebeck, NY (Kingston, NY), continuing west to the [[Catskill Turnpike]] at Bainbridge, NY; opened 1802; now NY-199.<ref name="LOTNY" /> <ref name="Huntt" /><br>


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