419
edits
no edit summary
(Added image) |
Jjcampbell40 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[Image:800px-Baltic Sea (Darlowo).jpg|right|200x200px]]Population == Profiles == | [[Image:800px-Baltic Sea (Darlowo).jpg|right|200x200px|800px-Baltic Sea (Darlowo).jpg]]Population == Profiles == | ||
'''Estonia'''. 1.4 million people (64% Estonian, 29% Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Finn) traditionally Lutheran. | '''Estonia'''. 1.4 million people (64% Estonian, 29% Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Finn) traditionally Lutheran. | ||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
'''Lithuania'''. 3.7 million people (81% Lithuanian, 8% Russian, 7% Poles, rest Belarusian and Ukrainian) predominantly Roman Catholic. | '''Lithuania'''. 3.7 million people (81% Lithuanian, 8% Russian, 7% Poles, rest Belarusian and Ukrainian) predominantly Roman Catholic. | ||
== [[Image:Estonia Historical.jpg|thumb|right|140x140px]]Language Profiles == | == [[Image:Estonia Historical.jpg|thumb|right|140x140px|Estonia Historical.jpg]]Language Profiles == | ||
'''Estonia'''. Estonian language closely related to Finnish (state language in 1988). Records in German and Russian. | '''Estonia'''. Estonian language closely related to Finnish (state language in 1988). Records in German and Russian. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Latvia'''. Latvian language related to Lithuanian (state language in 1989). Records in German and Russian. [[Image:Latvia.jpg|right|140x140px]] | '''Latvia'''. Latvian language related to Lithuanian (state language in 1989). Records in German and Russian. [[Image:Latvia.jpg|right|140x140px|Latvia.jpg]] | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Lithuania'''. Lithuanian, oldest extant Indo-European language (state language in 1989). Records in Latin, Polish, Russian, etc. | '''Lithuania'''. Lithuanian, oldest extant Indo-European language (state language in 1989). Records in Latin, Polish, Russian, etc. | ||
[[Image:Lithuaniahis.jpg|right|140x140px]] | [[Image:Lithuaniahis.jpg|right|140x140px|Lithuaniahis.jpg]] | ||
== Historical Context == | == Historical Context == | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
German crusading orders subjugated the territory of modern-day '''Estonia''' and '''Latvia''' in the 13th century. Later, Sweden dominated the northern area and Poland-Lithuania the southern. Russia gained control during the 18th century. From 1918-1945, Estonia and Latvia enjoyed an interlude of independence before the Red Army imposed Soviet power. The Soviets brought in masses of Russians to industrialize the area. The Estonian share of the population decreased from 90% to 61% in 1989 and the Latvian portion of the population dropped from a high of 76% in 1935 to 57% in 2005. With the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, both states regained their independence. | German crusading orders subjugated the territory of modern-day '''Estonia''' and '''Latvia''' in the 13th century. Later, Sweden dominated the northern area and Poland-Lithuania the southern. Russia gained control during the 18th century. From 1918-1945, Estonia and Latvia enjoyed an interlude of independence before the Red Army imposed Soviet power. The Soviets brought in masses of Russians to industrialize the area. The Estonian share of the population decreased from 90% to 61% in 1989 and the Latvian portion of the population dropped from a high of 76% in 1935 to 57% in 2005. With the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, both states regained their independence. | ||
Under Grand Duke Vytautas, 1392-1430, '''Lithuania''' became a large and powerful state, its boundaries extending from the Baltic to the Black Sea. It merged with Poland in 1569. Russia annexed Lithuania at the end of the 18th century. In 1918, it regained its independence. In 1920, Poland occupied a portion of eastern Lithuania around Vilnius. In 1923 Lithuania seized the area of Klaipeda (Memel) on its western edge, formerly part of East Prussia. The Red Army established Soviet rule in 1944. It regained it independence in 1991. | Under Grand Duke Vytautas, 1392-1430, '''Lithuania''' became a large and powerful state, its boundaries extending from the Baltic to the Black Sea. It merged with Poland in 1569. Russia annexed Lithuania at the end of the 18th century. In 1918, it regained its independence. In 1920, Poland occupied a portion of eastern Lithuania around Vilnius. In 1923 Lithuania seized the area of Klaipeda (Memel) on its western edge, formerly part of East Prussia. The Red Army established Soviet rule in 1944. It regained it independence in 1991. | ||
== Places/Jurisdiction Reference Aids == | == Places/Jurisdiction Reference Aids == | ||
The administrative structure of the Baltics under Imperial Russia consisted of:<br>''derevniya'' (village/town/hamlet/farm)<br>''volost'' (district)<br>''uezd'' (county) or ''gorod'' (city)<br>''guberniya'' (province or state).<br> | The administrative structure of the Baltics under Imperial Russia consisted of:<br>''derevniya'' (village/town/hamlet/farm)<br>''volost'' (district)<br>''uezd'' (county) or ''gorod'' (city)<br>''guberniya'' (province or state).<br> | ||
Modern Estonia includes the Estonia Guberniya and the northern half of Livonia Guberniya; modern Latvia the Kurland Guberniya, the southern half of Livonia, and a small piece of the Vitebsk Guberniya; modern Lithuania the Kovno Guberniya, half of Vilno, and half of Suwalki (Polish) Guberniyas. | Modern Estonia includes the Estonia Guberniya and the northern half of Livonia Guberniya; modern Latvia the Kurland Guberniya, the southern half of Livonia, and a small piece of the Vitebsk Guberniya; modern Lithuania the Kovno Guberniya, half of Vilno, and half of Suwalki (Polish) Guberniyas. | ||