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The Italian infant-abandonment system generally but not always included the assignment of a surname to the infant upon arrival at the ''ospizio''. Thus while in the ''ospizio ''and later when placed with a family in the countryside, the child bore a surname different from its unknown family of origin and different from the family with which it was placed. (Kertzer, pp. 119-22.) "Until the nineteenth century, foundlings in many areas were baptized with first names only and were not given a last name." (Kertzer, p. 119.) | The Italian infant-abandonment system generally but not always included the assignment of a surname to the infant upon arrival at the ''ospizio''. Thus while in the ''ospizio ''and later when placed with a family in the countryside, the child bore a surname different from its unknown family of origin and different from the family with which it was placed. (Kertzer, pp. 119-22.) "Until the nineteenth century, foundlings in many areas were baptized with first names only and were not given a last name." (Kertzer, p. 119.) | ||
But upon arrival at the ''ospizio ''shortly after baptism the new surname was assigned. And once the infant or child was placed with a wet nurse in the countryside, it would be assigned a surname used locally for foundlings (such as Della Casa or Casagrande or Esposito, as shown by a few examples in the table below). For the most part the new surname was used by the child throughout the remainder of its life, though often at the time of marriage or with the births of children to that marriage, the once-abandoned child, even a male child, might assume the surname of a spouse, passing that surname on to the children of the couple. | But upon arrival at the ''ospizio ''shortly after baptism the new surname was assigned. And once the infant or child was placed with a wet nurse in the countryside, it would be assigned a surname used locally for foundlings (such as Della Casa or Casagrande or Esposito, as shown by a few examples in the table below). For the most part the new surname was used by the child throughout the remainder of its life, though often at the time of marriage or with the births of children to that marriage, the once-abandoned child, even a male child, might assume the surname of a spouse, passing that surname on to the children of the couple. | ||
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For example, in 1862 in Bologna, wet nurses were ordered to register the births of foundlings and provide them with both first and last names, but it was suggested that surnames be derived from words descriptive of things within one of the three kingdoms of nature (minerals, vegetables, and animals), such as Gessi (gypsum), Sassi (stones), Pietra (rock), Monti (mountains), Foblia (leaf), Rosa (rose), Garofonio (carnation), Colombi (pigeons), Leoni (lions). This practice spread through much of the northern part of Italy. | For example, in 1862 in Bologna, wet nurses were ordered to register the births of foundlings and provide them with both first and last names, but it was suggested that surnames be derived from words descriptive of things within one of the three kingdoms of nature (minerals, vegetables, and animals), such as Gessi (gypsum), Sassi (stones), Pietra (rock), Monti (mountains), Foblia (leaf), Rosa (rose), Garofonio (carnation), Colombi (pigeons), Leoni (lions). This practice spread through much of the northern part of Italy. | ||
Parenthetically, the suname "Casagrande," mentioned in a few examples above, means literally "large house" and is an apt description of the massive Ospedale di Pamattone in Genoa (1766-1942), a location where ever enlarging hospital structures were established between about 1422 and 1942 when the Pamattone was destroyed during the Second World War. It is where, for one example of thousands upon thousands, in about 1761 or 1762 a man named Francesco della Casa Grande was abandoned at the ruota of the ospedale and cared for as an abandoned infant before being placed in the municipality of Lumarzo, 27 km (17 mi.) to the east by north east of Genoa, where he would live until 1849 when he died there at 87 years of age. (Sign in and see his Lumarzo death certificate at [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-26956-14185-2?cc=1928859&wc=9MC2-NQD:1060289403,1060289404 | Parenthetically, the suname "Casagrande," mentioned in a few examples above, means literally "large house" and is an apt description of the massive Ospedale di Pamattone in Genoa (1766-1942), a location where ever enlarging hospital structures were established between about 1422 and 1942 when the Pamattone was destroyed during the Second World War. It is where, for one example of thousands upon thousands, in about 1761 or 1762 a man named Francesco della Casa Grande was abandoned at the ruota of the ospedale and cared for as an abandoned infant before being placed in the municipality of Lumarzo, 27 km (17 mi.) to the east by north east of Genoa, where he would live until 1849 when he died there at 87 years of age. (Sign in and see his Lumarzo death certificate at [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-26956-14185-2?cc=1928859&wc=9MC2-NQD:1060289403,1060289404 https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-26956-14185-2].) Numerous images of the hospital, including paintings and photographs, both before and after its destruction, can easily be found by performing an image search on the Internet. | ||
==== Samples of an Abandonment Certificate and its Related Record of Birth ==== | ==== Samples of an Abandonment Certificate and its Related Record of Birth ==== | ||