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=== Unique Scottish Words  ===
=== Unique Scottish Words  ===
Some words you will see in Scottish records are not used in standard English.


The English past participle -ed, is usually represented by -it in Scots. Older documents may also form the plural or possessive in -is. The English "wh" is often rendered as "quh" in old Scots.
Some words you will see in Scottish records are not used in standard English. Please note that there is often considerable variation in spelling
 
The English past participle -ed, is usually represented by -it in Scots. Older documents may also form the plural or possessive in -is. The English "wh" is often rendered as "quh" in old Scots.  


The following list contains some Scottish words more commonly used in documents:  
The following list contains some Scottish words more commonly used in documents:  
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|-
|-
|  
|  
Scottish Words
Scottish Words  


| English         Translation  
| English         Translation  
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| '''A'''
| '''A'''
|-
|-
| afore/afoir
| afore/afoir  
| before
| before
|-
|-
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| one, an
| one, an
|-
|-
| anent
| anent  
| about, concerning
| about, concerning
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| bairnis  
| bairnis  
| baby’s
| children, or children's
|-
|Bairn's Pairt
| The right of the issue (including adult issue) to not less than a defined share of the value of the moveable estate of the deceased
|-
|-
| baptist  
| baptist  
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| borough, town
| borough, town
|-
|-
| by
| by  
| near somewhere
| near somewhere
|-
|-
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| appeared
| appeared
|-
|-
| croft
| croft  
| small agricultural holding
| small agricultural holding
|-
|-
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| '''D'''
| '''D'''
|-
|-
| defunct
| defunct  
| the deceased
| the deceased
|-
|-
| delict
| delict  
| torts
| torts
|-
|-
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| ditto
| ditto
|-
|-
| dochter
| dochter  
| daughter
| daughter
|-
|-
| docquet
| docquet  
| authenticating signature on a deed  
| authenticating signature on a deed
|-
|-
| doits  
| doits  
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| '''E'''
| '''E'''
|-
|-
| Erse, Erisch
| Erse, Erisch  
| meaning Irish, referring to Gaelic culture or language
| meaning Irish, referring to Gaelic culture or language. Often considered offensively
|-
|-
| executor
| executor  
| a person who is empowered by the deceased to carry out the terms of his/her will  
| a person who is empowered by the deceased to carry out the terms of his/her will
|-
|-
| '''F'''  
| '''F'''  
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| father
| father
|-
|-
| forby (e)
| forby (e)  
| besides, beyond, in addition
| besides, beyond, in addition
|-
|-
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| had
| had
|-
|-
| heir portioner
| heir portioner  
| inheriting daughter
| inheriting daughter
|-
|-
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| '''I'''
| '''I'''
|-
|-
| ieroe
| ieroe  
| great-grandson (Gaelic: iar-ogha)
| great-grandson (Gaelic: iar-ogha)
|-
|-
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| '''J'''
| '''J'''
|-
|-
| jeroy
| jeroy  
| great-grandson (Gaelic: iar-ogha)
| great-grandson (Gaelic: iar-ogha)
|-
|Jus relictae
|The right of the surviving spouse in the movable goods of the deceased spouse. Jus relictae is the term used for a surviving wife, and jus relicti is the term used for a surviving husband.
|-
|-
| '''K'''  
| '''K'''  
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| church
| church
|-
|-
| kirkyird
| kirkyird  
| churchyard, graveyard
| churchyard, graveyard
|-
|-
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| title of landholder; related to, but not equivalent to lord
| title of landholder; related to, but not equivalent to lord
|-
|-
| lammas, lammastide
| lammas, lammastide  
| formerly 1st August, now the 28th August
| formerly 1st August, now the 28th August, corresponding to Celtic festival of Lughnasa
|-
|-
| lawful  
| lawful  
| legitimate offspring
| legitimate offspring
|-
|Legitim
|The right of the issue (offspring - including adult issue) to not less than a defined share of the value of the moveable estate of the deceased.
|-
|-
| '''M'''  
| '''M'''  
| '''M'''
| '''M'''
|-
| M'
| An archaic form of Mc, found in surnames, from the Gaelic Mac meaning son. "Mc, Mc, M'c, and Mic".
|-
|-
| miln, myln  
| miln, myln  
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| boy child
| boy child
|-
|-
| mains
| mains  
| the main farm of an estate, known as the home farm in England
| the main farm of an estate, known as the home farm in England
|-
|-
| manrent
| manrent  
| a type of contract, usually military in nature and involving Scottish clans
| a type of contract, usually military in nature and involving Scottish clans
|-
|-
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| usually unbaptized child
| usually unbaptized child
|-
|-
| not proven, guilty not proven
| Nic
| Daughter of. Traditionally the feminine form of Mac, but can occasionally be found in non-Gaelic language records.
|-
| not proven, guilty not proven  
| a unique Scottish verdict which confirms the person as neither guilty, nor innocent
| a unique Scottish verdict which confirms the person as neither guilty, nor innocent
|-
|-
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| '''O'''
| '''O'''
|-
|-
| oe, oy
| oe, oy  
| grandson
| grandson (Gaelic: ogha)
|-
|-
| outwith
| outwith  
| outside
| outside
|-
|-
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| '''P'''
| '''P'''
|-
|-
| per stipes
| per stipes  
| a clause in a will saying that the grandchildren can inherit if the children predecease them
| a clause in a will saying that the grandchildren can inherit if the children predecease them
|-
|-
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| produced
| produced
|-
|-
| provost
| provost  
| used instead of "mayor" in Scotland
| used instead of "mayor" in Scotland
|-
|-
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| '''S'''  
| '''S'''  
| '''S'''
| '''S'''
|-
|Sasine
|A Scots law term for the delivery of feudal property, typically land. The Register of Sasines is a government office.
|-
|-
| schew  
| schew  
| show
| show
|-
|-
| screivit
| screivit  
| written
| written
|-
|-
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| sick
| sick
|-
|-
| sic
| sic  
| such
| such
|-
|-
| siccan
| siccan  
| such, of a type already mentioned
| such, of a type already mentioned
|-
|-
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| likewise
| likewise
|-
|-
| sicna
| sicna  
| such, of a type already mentioned
| such, of a type already mentioned
|-
|-
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| '''T'''
| '''T'''
|-
|-
| tack
| tack  
| yearly rent paid to a Highland landlord (Gaelic: "taic")
| yearly rent paid to a Highland landlord (Gaelic: "taic")
|-
|-
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| member of the Highland middle class, paying a tack to the laird, and often subletting
| member of the Highland middle class, paying a tack to the laird, and often subletting
|-
|-
| twa
| twa  
| two
| two
|-
|-
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| '''U'''
| '''U'''
|-
|-
| udal
| udal  
| relating to traditional Norse law in the Northern Isles (Orkney and Shetland)
| relating to traditional Norse law in the Northern Isles (Orkney and Shetland)
|-
|-
| udal law
| udal law  
| the remnant legal system of the Northern Isles, similar to odelsrett
| the remnant legal system of the Northern Isles, similar to odelsrett
|-
|-
| udal tenure
| udal tenure  
| tenure under udal law
| tenure under udal law
|-
|-
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