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Latin Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions
Latin Genealogical Word List (view source)
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This list contains Latin words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Latin-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | This list contains Latin words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Latin-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | ||
[[Image:Illuminated.bible.closeup.arp.jpg|right|332px]] | [[Image:Illuminated.bible.closeup.arp.jpg|right|332px|Illuminated.bible.closeup.arp.jpg]] | ||
Many resources exist that will help you read Latin genealogical records. One of these is the [https://www.familysearch.org/learn/researchcourses Reading Handwritten Records Series] of free online classes available at familysearch.org. This series includes one interactive lesson about Latin words and phrases, which includes a printable handout of key words and phrases. | Many resources exist that will help you read Latin genealogical records. One of these is the [https://www.familysearch.org/learn/researchcourses Reading Handwritten Records Series] of free online classes available at familysearch.org. This series includes one interactive lesson about Latin words and phrases, which includes a printable handout of key words and phrases. | ||
Another resource is the National Archives of England, they have 12 online lessons covering | Another resource is the National Archives of England, they have 12 online lessons covering latin records from 1086 to 1733, each lesson provides step by step instructions and is listed under the title of "[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/latin/beginners/tutorial/default.htm Beginners' Latin Tutorial]". | ||
The Internet can be of great assistance in trying to translate Latin. | The Internet can be of great assistance in trying to translate Latin. There are some dictionaries and word lists as well as some sites that will translate for you. One good website is [http://archives.nd.edu/words.html William Whitaker's Words] for translating words. [http://www.sunsite.ubc.ca/LatinDictionary/HyperText/latin-dict-full.html Latin Dictionary] and [http://archives.nd.edu/latgramm.htm Latin Dictionary and Grammar Aid] are Latin dictionaries. It is important to remember with using any of these websites that you have to be careful about accepting the meaning. Be sure that the meaning makes sense with what you are trying to translate.<br> | ||
Latin is the mother language for many modern European languages. Many words in English, Spanish, French, and other languages resemble Latin words and have the same or similar meanings. | Latin is the mother language for many modern European languages. Many words in English, Spanish, French, and other languages resemble Latin words and have the same or similar meanings. | ||
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*Ainsworth, Robert. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Ainsworth%27s+Latin+Dictionary&fq=&dblist=638&qt=first_page Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary]'', Revised Edition. London, England: F. Westly and A.H. Davis, 1836. ({{FHL|232221|title-id|disp=FHL book British Ref 473Ai65a 1836; film 599,788}}.) | *Ainsworth, Robert. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Ainsworth%27s+Latin+Dictionary&fq=&dblist=638&qt=first_page Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary]'', Revised Edition. London, England: F. Westly and A.H. Davis, 1836. ({{FHL|232221|title-id|disp=FHL book British Ref 473Ai65a 1836; film 599,788}}.) | ||
Additional dictionaries are listed under {{FHL|318014|subject-id|disp=LATIN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES}} in the [[Family History Library Catalog Subject Search|Subject | Additional dictionaries are listed under {{FHL|318014|subject-id|disp=LATIN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES}} in the [[Family History Library Catalog Subject Search|Subject Search]] of the [[Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]]. Most bookstores carry useful, inexpensive Latin-English dictionaries. | ||
The following sources can also be helpful for reading Latin records: | The following sources can also be helpful for reading Latin records: | ||
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*Baxter, J. H. and Charles Johnson. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1346776&referer=brief_results Medieval Latin Word-List From British and Irish Sources]''. London, England: Oxford University Press, n.d. ({{FHL|375371|title-id|disp=FHL book 942 A8bm}}.) | *Baxter, J. H. and Charles Johnson. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1346776&referer=brief_results Medieval Latin Word-List From British and Irish Sources]''. London, England: Oxford University Press, n.d. ({{FHL|375371|title-id|disp=FHL book 942 A8bm}}.) | ||
*Grun, Paul A. ''Schlüssel zur alten und neuen Abkürzungen | *Grun, Paul A. ''Schlüssel zur alten und neuen Abkürzungen: Wörterbuch lateinischer und deutscher Abkürzungen des späten Mittlealters und der Neuzeit''. Limburg/Lahn, Germany: Starke Verlag, 1966. ({{FHL|162328|title-id|disp=FHL book 943 B4gg vol. 6}}.) Key to ancient and modern abbreviations: Dictionary of Latin and German abbreviations of the late middle age and modern times. | ||
*Jensen, C. Russell. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20991732&referer=brief_results Parish Register Latin: An Introduction]''. Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: Vita Nova Books, 1988. ({{FHL|679906|title-id|disp=FHL book 475 J453p}}.) A guide to understanding Latin as it appears in continental European church records. | *Jensen, C. Russell. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20991732&referer=brief_results Parish Register Latin: An Introduction]''. Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: Vita Nova Books, 1988. ({{FHL|679906|title-id|disp=FHL book 475 J453p}}.) A guide to understanding Latin as it appears in continental European church records. | ||
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*McLaughlin, Eve. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39963159&referer=brief_results Simple Latin for Family Historians]'', 2nd ed. Birmingham, England: Federation of Family History Societies, 1987. ({{FHL|481823|title-id|disp=FHL book 471.1 M273}}.) This booklet lists Latin words frequently used in English parish registers. | *McLaughlin, Eve. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39963159&referer=brief_results Simple Latin for Family Historians]'', 2nd ed. Birmingham, England: Federation of Family History Societies, 1987. ({{FHL|481823|title-id|disp=FHL book 471.1 M273}}.) This booklet lists Latin words frequently used in English parish registers. | ||
*Temple, Robin Edgel. "[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/83593379&referer=brief_results Latin for Genealogical Research | *Temple, Robin Edgel. "[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/83593379&referer=brief_results Latin for Genealogical Research: A Primer for Record Latin]." Thesis (M.A.). Brigham Young University, 1977. ({{FHL|136588|title-id|disp=FHL call number 929.1 T247L; edition on FHL fiche 6,070,611}}.) | ||
=== Key Words === | === Key Words === | ||
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{| width="70%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="right" | | | align="right" | <br>1 <br>2 <br>3 <br>4 <br>5 <br>6 <br>7 <br>8 <br>9 <br>10 <br>11 <br>12 <br>13 <br>14 <br>15 <br>16 <br>17 <br>18 <br>19 <br>20 <br>21 <br>22 <br>23 <br>24 <br>25 <br>26 <br>27 <br>28 <br>29 <br>30 <br>40 <br>50 <br>60 <br>70 <br>80 <br>90 <br>100 <br>101 <br>150 <br>200 <br>300 <br>400 <br>500 <br>600 <br>700 <br>800 <br>900 <br>1000 | ||
| | | | ||
| '''Cardinal '''<br>unus <br>duo, duae <br>tres, tres, tria <br>quattuor <br>quinque <br>sex <br>septem <br>octo <br>novem <br>decem <br>undecim <br>duodecim <br>tredecim <br>quattuordecim <br>quindecim <br>sedecim <br>septemdecim <br>odeviginti <br>undeviginti <br>viginti <br>viginti unus <br>viginti duo <br>viginti tres <br>viginti quattuor <br>viginti quinque <br>viginti sex <br>viginti septem <br>viginti octo <br>viginti novem <br>triginta <br>quadraginta <br>quinquaginta <br>sexaginta <br>septuaginta <br>octoginta <br>nonaginta <br>centum <br>centum unus <br>centum quinquaginta <br>ducenti <br>trecenti <br>quadringenti <br>quingenti <br>sescenti <br>septigenti <br>octingenti <br>nongenti <br>mille | | '''Cardinal '''<br>unus <br>duo, duae <br>tres, tres, tria <br>quattuor <br>quinque <br>sex <br>septem <br>octo <br>novem <br>decem <br>undecim <br>duodecim <br>tredecim <br>quattuordecim <br>quindecim <br>sedecim <br>septemdecim <br>odeviginti <br>undeviginti <br>viginti <br>viginti unus <br>viginti duo <br>viginti tres <br>viginti quattuor <br>viginti quinque <br>viginti sex <br>viginti septem <br>viginti octo <br>viginti novem <br>triginta <br>quadraginta <br>quinquaginta <br>sexaginta <br>septuaginta <br>octoginta <br>nonaginta <br>centum <br>centum unus <br>centum quinquaginta <br>ducenti <br>trecenti <br>quadringenti <br>quingenti <br>sescenti <br>septigenti <br>octingenti <br>nongenti <br>mille | ||
| | | <br>1st <br>2nd <br>3rd <br>4th <br>5th <br>6th <br>7th <br>8th <br>9th <br>10th <br>11th <br>12th <br>13th <br>14th <br>15th <br>16th <br>17th <br>18th <br>19th <br>20st <br>21st <br>22nd <br>23rd <br>24th <br>25th <br>26th <br>27th <br>28th <br>29th <br>30th <br>40th <br>50th <br>60th <br>70th <br>80th <br>90th <br>100th<br>101th <br>150th <br>200th <br>300th <br>400th <br>500th <br>600th <br>700th <br>800th <br>900th <br>1000th | ||
| '''Ordinal''' <br>primus <br>secundus <br>tertius <br>quartus <br>quintus <br>sextus <br>septimus <br>octavus <br>nonus <br>decimus <br>undecimus <br>duodecimus <br>tertius decimus <br>quartus decimus <br>quintus decimus <br>sextus decimus <br>septimus decimus <br>duodevicesimus <br>undevicesimus <br>vicesimus or vigesimus <br>vicesimus primus <br>vicesimus secundus <br>vicesimus tertius <br>vicesimus quartus <br>vicesimus quintus <br>vicesimus sextus <br>vicesimus septimus <br>vicesimus octavus <br>vicesimus nonus <br>tricesimus <br>quadragesimus <br>quinquagesimus <br>sexagesimus <br>septuagesimus <br>octogesimus <br>nonagesimus <br>centesimus <br>centesimus primus <br>centesimus quinquagesimus <br>ducentesimus <br>trecentesimus <br>quadringentesimus <br>quingentesimus <br>sescentesimus <br>septingentesimus <br>octingentesimus <br>nongentesimus <br>millesimus | | '''Ordinal''' <br>primus <br>secundus <br>tertius <br>quartus <br>quintus <br>sextus <br>septimus <br>octavus <br>nonus <br>decimus <br>undecimus <br>duodecimus <br>tertius decimus <br>quartus decimus <br>quintus decimus <br>sextus decimus <br>septimus decimus <br>duodevicesimus <br>undevicesimus <br>vicesimus or vigesimus <br>vicesimus primus <br>vicesimus secundus <br>vicesimus tertius <br>vicesimus quartus <br>vicesimus quintus <br>vicesimus sextus <br>vicesimus septimus <br>vicesimus octavus <br>vicesimus nonus <br>tricesimus <br>quadragesimus <br>quinquagesimus <br>sexagesimus <br>septuagesimus <br>octogesimus <br>nonagesimus <br>centesimus <br>centesimus primus <br>centesimus quinquagesimus <br>ducentesimus <br>trecentesimus <br>quadringentesimus <br>quingentesimus <br>sescentesimus <br>septingentesimus <br>octingentesimus <br>nongentesimus <br>millesimus | ||
|} | |} | ||
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<font size="+1" face="Times">D</font> is sometimes represented by the symbol [[Image:Roman Numeral D.jpg|24px|Roman Numeral D.jpg]]. | <font size="+1" face="Times">D</font> is sometimes represented by the symbol [[Image:Roman Numeral D.jpg|24px|Roman Numeral D.jpg]]. | ||
<font size="+1" face="Times">M</font> is sometimes represented by the symbol | <font size="+1" face="Times">M</font> is sometimes represented by the symbol [[Image:Roman Numeral M.jpg|32px|Roman Numeral M.jpg]]. | ||
If smaller value numbers follow larger value numbers, add the values together. If a smaller value number precedes a larger value number, subtract the smaller from the larger. For example: | If smaller value numbers follow larger value numbers, add the values together. If a smaller value number precedes a larger value number, subtract the smaller from the larger. For example: | ||
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{| width="80%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" align="center" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| width="80%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" align="center" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <font size="+1" face="Times">1 = I <br>2 = II <br>3 = III <br>4 = IV <br>5 = V <br>6 = VI <br>7 = VII <br>8 = VIII <br>9 = IX <br>10 = X <br>11 = XI <br>12 = XII <br>13 = XIII <br> | | <font size="+1" face="Times">1 = I <br>2 = II <br>3 = III <br>4 = IV <br>5 = V <br>6 = VI <br>7 = VII <br>8 = VIII <br>9 = IX <br>10 = X <br>11 = XI <br>12 = XII <br>13 = XIII <br> <br></font> | ||
| <font size="+1" face="Times">14 = XIV <br>15 = XV <br>16 = XVI <br>17 = XVII <br>18 = XVIII <br>19 = XIX <br>20 = XX <br>21 = XXI <br>22 = XXII <br>23 = XXIII <br>24 = XXIV <br>25 = XXV <br>26 = XXVI <br> | | <font size="+1" face="Times">14 = XIV <br>15 = XV <br>16 = XVI <br>17 = XVII <br>18 = XVIII <br>19 = XIX <br>20 = XX <br>21 = XXI <br>22 = XXII <br>23 = XXIII <br>24 = XXIV <br>25 = XXV <br>26 = XXVI <br> <br></font> | ||
| <font size="+1" face="Times">27 = XXVII <br>28 = XXVIII <br>29 = XXIX <br>30 = XXX <br>31 = XXXI <br>40 = XL <br>50 = L <br>60 = LX <br>70 = LXX <br>80 = LXXX <br>90 = XC <br>100 = C <br>101 = CI <br> | | <font size="+1" face="Times">27 = XXVII <br>28 = XXVIII <br>29 = XXIX <br>30 = XXX <br>31 = XXXI <br>40 = XL <br>50 = L <br>60 = LX <br>70 = LXX <br>80 = LXXX <br>90 = XC <br>100 = C <br>101 = CI <br> </font> | ||
| <font size="+1" face="Times">150 = CL <br>200 = CC <br>300 = CCC <br>400 = CD <br>500 = D <br>600 = DC <br>700 = DCC <br>800 = DCCC <br>900 = CM <br>1000 = M <br>1600 = MDC <br>1700 = MDCC <br>1800 = MDCCC <br>1900 = MCM</font> | | <font size="+1" face="Times">150 = CL <br>200 = CC <br>300 = CCC <br>400 = CD <br>500 = D <br>600 = DC <br>700 = DCC <br>800 = DCCC <br>900 = CM <br>1000 = M <br>1600 = MDC <br>1700 = MDCC <br>1800 = MDCCC <br>1900 = MCM</font> | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|} | |} | ||
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|k=|w=|x=|y=}} | {{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|k=|w=|x=|y=}} | ||
==== E ==== | ==== E ==== | ||
| Line 550: | Line 550: | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|k=|w=|x=|y=}} | {{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|k=|w=|x=|y=}} | ||
==== G ==== | ==== G ==== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| width="145" | nativitas <br>naturalis <br>natus est <br>nauta <br>nec <br>necessitatis <br>necnon <br>negotiator <br>nemo (neminis) <br>neosponsa <br>neosponsus <br>nepos (nepotis) <br>neptis <br>neque <br>nescit <br>niger <br>nihil <br>nisi <br>n.n. = nomen nescio <br>nobilis <br>nobilitatis <br>nocte <br>nomen <br>nomen nescio <br>nominatus est <br>nomine <br>non <br>nonagenarius <br>nonagesimus <br>nonaginta <br>nongentesimus <br>nongenti <br>nonus <br>nonus decimus <br>nos <br>noster <br>nota bene <br>notarius <br>nothus <br>novem <br>novembris <br>noverca <br>nox <br>nudius <br>nudius tertius <br>nullus <br>numerus <br>nunc <br>nunquam <br>nuntius <br>nuper <br>nupserunt <br>nupta <br>nuptias <br>nuptus <br>nurus <br>nutritor <br>nutrius <br>nutrix (nutricis) | | width="145" | nativitas <br>naturalis <br>natus est <br>nauta <br>nec <br>necessitatis <br>necnon <br>negotiator <br>nemo (neminis) <br>neosponsa <br>neosponsus <br>nepos (nepotis) <br>neptis <br>neque <br>nescit <br>niger <br>nihil <br>nisi <br>n.n. = nomen nescio <br>nobilis <br>nobilitatis <br>nocte <br>nomen <br>nomen nescio <br>nominatus est <br>nomine <br>non <br>nonagenarius <br>nonagesimus <br>nonaginta <br>nongentesimus <br>nongenti <br>nonus <br>nonus decimus <br>nos <br>noster <br>nota bene <br>notarius <br>nothus <br>novem <br>novembris <br>noverca <br>nox <br>nudius <br>nudius tertius <br>nullus <br>numerus <br>nunc <br>nunquam <br>nuntius <br>nuper <br>nupserunt <br>nupta <br>nuptias <br>nuptus <br>nurus <br>nutritor <br>nutrius <br>nutrix (nutricis) | ||
| birth <br>natural, illegitimate <br>he was born <br>sailor <br>neither, nor <br>of necessity <br>and also <br>merchant (commerce) <br>no one <br>newlywed (female) <br>newlywed (male) <br>nephew, grandson <br>niece, granddaughter <br>and not <br>he doesn't know <br>black <br>nothing <br>if not <br>I do not know the name <br>noble <br>of nobility <br>at night <br>name <br>name not known <br>he was named <br>by/with the name (of) <br>not, no <br>a person in his nineties <br>ninetieth <br>ninety <br>nine hundredth <br>nine hundred <br>ninth <br>nineteenth <br>we, us <br>our <br>note well, notice <br>notary <br>illegitimate child <br>nine <br>of November <br>stepmother <br>night <br>earlier <br>today is the third day (e.g., the day before yesterday) | | birth <br>natural, illegitimate <br>he was born <br>sailor <br>neither, nor <br>of necessity <br>and also <br>merchant (commerce) <br>no one <br>newlywed (female) <br>newlywed (male) <br>nephew, grandson <br>niece, granddaughter <br>and not <br>he doesn't know <br>black <br>nothing <br>if not <br>I do not know the name <br>noble <br>of nobility <br>at night <br>name <br>name not known <br>he was named <br>by/with the name (of) <br>not, no <br>a person in his nineties <br>ninetieth <br>ninety <br>nine hundredth <br>nine hundred <br>ninth <br>nineteenth <br>we, us <br>our <br>note well, notice <br>notary <br>illegitimate child <br>nine <br>of November <br>stepmother <br>night <br>earlier <br>today is the third day (e.g., the day before yesterday) <br>no, none <br>number <br>now, at this time <br>never <br>messenger <br>lately (sometimes denotes a deceased person) <br>they married <br>married woman, bride <br>wedding <br>married <br>daughter-in-law <br>foster father <br>foster child <br>foster mother | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| width="99%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| width="99%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ob <br>obdormitus est <br>obierunt <br>ob(i) imminens vitæ periculum | | ob <br>obdormitus est <br>obierunt <br>ob(i) imminens vitæ periculum <br>obiit <br>[obiit sine prole] <br>obitus <br>obstetrix (obstetricis) <br>octavus <br>octavus decimus <br>octingentesimus <br>octingenti <br>octo <br>octobris <br>octogenarius <br>octogesimus <br>octoginta <br>officialis <br>olim <br><br>omnis <br>operarius <br>oppidum <br>orbus <br>origo (originis) <br>oriundus, ex <br>orphanus <br>ortus <br>ovilius | ||
| | | | ||
on account of, for, according to <br>he fell asleep, died <br>they died, have died <br>because of impending danger of death | on account of, for, according to <br>he fell asleep, died <br>they died, have died <br>because of impending danger of death | ||
<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">he/she died, went away, departed | <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">he/she died, went away, departed </span><br>[died without issue] <br>death, died <br>midwife <br>eighth <br>eighteenth <br>eight hundredth <br>eight hundred <br>eight <br>of October <br>a person in his eighties <br>eightieth <br>eighty <br>official <br>formerly, once (sometimes denotes a deceased person; also used in English church records to denote a name change, such as a slave name prior to baptism; "formerly known as") <br>all, every <br>day laborer <br>city, town <br>orphan <br>origin, birth <br>originating (from), born <br>orphan <br>origin, birth <br>shepherd | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| width="99%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| width="99%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| width="140" | ubi <br>uix nata | | width="140" | ubi <br>uix nata <br>ultimus <br>unctio extrema <br>unde <br>undecim <br>undecimus <br>undevicesimus <br>undeviginti <br>ungaricus <br>unigenus <br>unus <br>urbs (urbis) <br>ut <br>uterinus <br>ut infra <br>ut supra <br>uxor <br>uxoratis | ||
| where <br>legitimately born (born to a married couple)<br>last, final <br>extreme unction, the last rites, anointing <br>wherefore, whereupon, whence <br>eleven <br>eleventh <br>nineteenth <br>nineteen <br>Hungarian <br>only (born) son, unique, only begotten <br>one, only, together <br>city <br>how, as, that, therewith, in order that <br>on mother's side of family, of the same mother <br>as below <br>as above <br>wife <br>married | | where <br>legitimately born (born to a married couple)<br>last, final <br>extreme unction, the last rites, anointing <br>wherefore, whereupon, whence <br>eleven <br>eleventh <br>nineteenth <br>nineteen <br>Hungarian <br>only (born) son, unique, only begotten <br>one, only, together <br>city <br>how, as, that, therewith, in order that <br>on mother's side of family, of the same mother <br>as below <br>as above <br>wife <br>married | ||
|} | |} | ||