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'''1633-1643:''' (1647?) Dutch build a blockhouse (single log cabin fort) "at the Schuylkill" (now Philadelphia). It was abandoned about 1643.<ref>Amandus Johnson, "[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nycoloni/nswamap.html Detailed Map of New Sweden 1638-1655]" in Amandus Johnson's book ''The Swedes on the Delaware 1638-1664'' (Philadelphia: Swedish Colonial Society, 1915), 392. This blockhouse is mentioned in Johnson's legend, but not displayed on his map, probably because it was replaced by a Swedish fort.</ref><ref>Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=BnY9MEaOCLEC History of New Netherland, 2nd ed].'' (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1855; digitized by Google, 2006), 2: 79. "The Swedes had already destroyed the trading-house, which the former [Dutch] had built at Schuylkill, and built a fort in its place."</ref> See the [[New Sweden|New Sweden]] and the [[New Netherland|New Netherland]] Wiki article for details. | '''1633-1643:''' (1647?) Dutch build a blockhouse (single log cabin fort) "at the Schuylkill" (now Philadelphia). It was abandoned about 1643.<ref>Amandus Johnson, "[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nycoloni/nswamap.html Detailed Map of New Sweden 1638-1655]" in Amandus Johnson's book ''The Swedes on the Delaware 1638-1664'' (Philadelphia: Swedish Colonial Society, 1915), 392. This blockhouse is mentioned in Johnson's legend, but not displayed on his map, probably because it was replaced by a Swedish fort.</ref><ref>Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=BnY9MEaOCLEC History of New Netherland, 2nd ed].'' (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1855; digitized by Google, 2006), 2: 79. "The Swedes had already destroyed the trading-house, which the former [Dutch] had built at Schuylkill, and built a fort in its place."</ref> See the [[New Sweden|New Sweden]] and the [[New Netherland|New Netherland]] Wiki article for details. | ||
'''1641:''' Swedes and Finns spreading north from Fort Christina (present-day Wlimington, Delaware) first settle in Finland (Chamassungh), now Trainer, Pennsylvania<ref name="WNN" /><ref>Johnson, Detailed Map.</ref><ref>Myers, 69, note 3. "Chamassung or Finland, where the Finns dwelt, was on the west side of the Delaware River, between the present Marcus Hook in Pennsylvania, and the mouth of Naaman's Creek just over the circular state line in Delaware."</ref><ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=HSkLAAAAIAAJ Memoirs of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, v. 3]'', (Philadelphia:M'Carty and Davis, 1834; digitized by Google, 2006), 11. "Chamassungh, or Finland. This place was inhabited by Finns, who had strong houses, but no fort. It lies at the distance of two German miles, east of Christina, by water; and, by land, it is distant two long Swedish miles."</ref> and Upland (Meckopenacka), now Chester, Pennsylvania.<ref>Johnson, Detailed Map.</ref><ref>Johnson, ''Swedish Settlements'', 372. "Johann Companius, who was called by the government to go to New Sweden in 1642, was placed on the new budget, with a salary of 10 R.D. a month and seems to have been looked upon as a sort of military preacher. He was stationed at Christina, but shortly after his arrival here he was transferred to Upland, where he settled with his family and conducted the service at New Gothenborg."</ref><ref>Myers, 150. "If now [the land at] Upland, which belongs to the Company, and is large enough for the sowing of twenty or thirty bushels of grain, might be given to the parsonage for Nertunius, together with the small houses there, it would be very well; then he would need no other salary from the Company." and footnote 4, "Now Chester."</ref> | '''1641:''' Swedes and Finns spreading north from Fort Christina (present-day Wlimington, Delaware) first settle in Finland (Chamassungh), now Trainer, Pennsylvania<ref name="WNN" /><ref>Johnson, Detailed Map.</ref><ref>Myers, 69, note 3. "Chamassung or Finland, where the Finns dwelt, was on the west side of the Delaware River, between the present Marcus Hook in Pennsylvania, and the mouth of Naaman's Creek just over the circular state line in Delaware."</ref><ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=HSkLAAAAIAAJ Memoirs of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, v. 3]'', (Philadelphia:M'Carty and Davis, 1834; digitized by Google, 2006), 11. "Chamassungh, or Finland. This place was inhabited by Finns, who had strong houses, but no fort. It lies at the distance of two German miles, east of Christina, by water; and, by land, it is distant two long Swedish miles."</ref> and Upland (Meckopenacka), now Chester, Pennsylvania.<ref>Johnson, Detailed Map.</ref><ref>Johnson, ''Swedish Settlements'', 372. "Johann Companius, who was called by the government to go to New Sweden in 1642, was placed on the new budget, with a salary of 10 R.D. a month and seems to have been looked upon as a sort of military preacher. He was stationed at Christina, but shortly after his arrival here he was transferred to Upland, where he settled with his family and conducted the service at New Gothenborg."</ref><ref>Myers, 150. "If now [the land at] Upland, which belongs to the Company, and is large enough for the sowing of twenty or thirty bushels of grain, might be given to the parsonage for Nertunius, together with the small houses there, it would be very well; then he would need no other salary from the Company." and footnote 4, "Now Chester."</ref> The [[New Sweden]] Colony continues to expand northward with new settlements as far as Philadelphia in the following years. | ||
''' | '''1642: '''The English build a blockhouse on Province Island (now Philadelphia airport) but are soon removed by the Dutch, probably with help from the Swedish.<br> | ||
'''1680s:''' William Penn founded the colony of Pennsylvania after receiving a grant in 1681 from the king of England. His colony offered religious freedom, liberal government, and inexpensive land. Quakers established the city of Philadelphia. | '''1680s:''' William Penn founded the colony of Pennsylvania after receiving a grant in 1681 from the king of England. His colony offered religious freedom, liberal government, and inexpensive land. Quakers established the city of Philadelphia. | ||
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1754: The French and Indian War started in western Pennsylvania. | 1754: The French and Indian War started in western Pennsylvania. | ||
'''1768-1792:''' The boundaries between Pennsylvania and the neighboring states of Connecticut, New York, Virginia, and Maryland were settled. | '''1768-1792:''' The disputed boundaries between Pennsylvania and the neighboring states of Connecticut, New York, Virginia, and Maryland were settled. | ||
'''1776:''' The Revolutionary War began. The state constitution was adopted. | '''1776:''' The Revolutionary War began. The state constitution was adopted.The three "lower counties on the Delaware" officially broke away to become the State of Delaware.<br> | ||
'''1787:''' Pennsylvania became the second state to ratify the Constitution. | '''1787:''' Pennsylvania became the second state to ratify the Constitution. | ||