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A census is a count and description of the population of an area. When available, census records can provide names, ages, occupations, marital statuses, birthplaces, and family members' relationships. Censuses can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list only selected people for a special reason (such as males between the ages of 16 and 45 for military purposes) or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was. | A census is a count and description of the population of an area. When available, census records can provide names, ages, occupations, marital statuses, birthplaces, and family members' relationships. Censuses can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list only selected people for a special reason (such as males between the ages of 16 and 45 for military purposes) or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was. | ||
[[Image:Royal Avenue Belfast.jpg|thumb|right|300px | [[Image:Royal Avenue Belfast.jpg|thumb|right|300px]] | ||
== Purposes for Taking a Census == | == Purposes for Taking a Census == | ||
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The 1901 census is the first complete census available for Ireland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are available to the public and are now [http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/ online], but all censuses taken since 1911 are not. The 1821 to 1851 censuses are divided by county, barony, civil parish, and townland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are divided by county, electoral division, and townland. | The 1901 census is the first complete census available for Ireland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are available to the public and are now [http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/ online], but all censuses taken since 1911 are not. The 1821 to 1851 censuses are divided by county, barony, civil parish, and townland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are divided by county, electoral division, and townland. | ||
Because many of the earlier censuses are not available, census substitutes are especially useful for Ireland. These include tax, religous and poll lists among others. See the below section on census substitutes for more information on census substititues. | Because many of the earlier censuses are not available, census substitutes are especially useful for Ireland. These include tax, religous and poll lists among others. See the below section on census substitutes for more information on census substititues. | ||
=== Content === | === Content === | ||
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Some surname indexes are available online, particularly for the 1901 and 1911 censuses. See [http://www.censusfinder.com/ireland.htm 'Census Finder'] , and also see the National Archives of Ireland web page for [http://www.nationalarchives.ie/genealogy/censusrtns.html census returns]. | Some surname indexes are available online, particularly for the 1901 and 1911 censuses. See [http://www.censusfinder.com/ireland.htm 'Census Finder'] , and also see the National Archives of Ireland web page for [http://www.nationalarchives.ie/genealogy/censusrtns.html census returns]. | ||
Sometimes, you may not find your ancestor in these large country wide indexes. Perhaps, a mistake was made when these large indexes were made, or a person's name was not easy to recognize in the census enumeration book, or the surname was spelled differently. In such a situation, you may be able to find your ancestor in the census by using a smaller surname index for the parish or town of interest. When looking at a smaller index, it can also be easier to pick out an alternative spelling of a person's surname. These indexes are also ideal for finding all of the people with a specific surname in a specific location. See the instructions below under 'Finding Indexes' for a table containing links to the surname indexes for local places that are available at the Family History Library.<br> | Sometimes, you may not find your ancestor in these large country wide indexes. Perhaps, a mistake was made when these large indexes were made, or a person's name was not easy to recognize in the census enumeration book, or the surname was spelled differently. In such a situation, you may be able to find your ancestor in the census by using a smaller surname index for the parish or town of interest. When looking at a smaller index, it can also be easier to pick out an alternative spelling of a person's surname. These indexes are also ideal for finding all of the people with a specific surname in a specific location. See the instructions below under 'Finding Indexes' for a table containing links to the surname indexes for local places that are available at the Family History Library.<br> | ||
=== Street Indexes === | === Street Indexes === | ||