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Australia was first settled in 1788, when the British government established a penal colony at Port Jackson, Sydney Bay. As a result, records about convicts transported to Australia are numerous and play a major role in Australian family history research. | Australia was first settled in 1788, when the British government established a penal colony at Port Jackson, Sydney Bay. As a result, records about convicts transported to Australia are numerous and play a major role in Australian family history research. | ||
Indexes and records of convicts are available in a variety of formats including microfiche, microfilm, book and CD. Some indexes and guides are available on the internet and generally provide information for further research in material in State Archives and libraries. See: | Indexes and records of convicts are available in a variety of formats including microfiche, microfilm, book and CD. Some indexes and guides are available on the internet and generally provide information for further research in material in State Archives and libraries. See: | ||
* [http://members.iinet.net.au/~perthdps/convicts/index.html Convicts to Australia - A Guide to Researching your Convict Ancestors] | |||
This site contains a searchable database of 780 First Fleet convicts: [http://cedir.uow.edu.au/programs/FirstFleet/ First Fleet Online | This site contains a searchable database of 780 First Fleet convicts: | ||
* [http://cedir.uow.edu.au/programs/FirstFleet/ First Fleet Online] | |||
Ships that transported convicts: Ships of the First Fleet | |||
Convicts from Ireland: Ireland-Australia Transportation Records, 1791-1853 | Convicts from Ireland: Ireland-Australia Transportation Records, 1791-1853 | ||
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The punishment of "transportation" for a crime tried in London by the Old Bailey Court resulted in exile to Australia after the American Revolutionary War. The website below is searchable by several catagories including by name for the punishment of Transportation:<br>[http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/luceneweb/hri3/hitlist_bailey.jsp?mode=bailey&table=cvp&ot=&os=&vt=&vs=&ps=cat_pt+=+12&c_date=&v_sur=&vg=&d_sur=&dg=&min_age=&max_age=&min_month=00&min_year=&max_month=13&max_year=&sf= Proceedings of the Old Bailey 1674-1834] | The punishment of "transportation" for a crime tried in London by the Old Bailey Court resulted in exile to Australia after the American Revolutionary War. The website below is searchable by several catagories including by name for the punishment of Transportation:<br>[http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/luceneweb/hri3/hitlist_bailey.jsp?mode=bailey&table=cvp&ot=&os=&vt=&vs=&ps=cat_pt+=+12&c_date=&v_sur=&vg=&d_sur=&dg=&min_age=&max_age=&min_month=00&min_year=&max_month=13&max_year=&sf= Proceedings of the Old Bailey 1674-1834] | ||
A partial index of convicts arriving in Australia is available at: [http://users.bigpond.net.au/convicts/page2.html Claim a Convict. | A partial index of convicts arriving in Australia is available at: | ||
* [http://users.bigpond.net.au/convicts/page2.html Claim a Convict.] | |||
'''New South Wales''' holds more convict records than any other state. Of the approximately 150,000 convicts transported to Australia from Great Britain between 1788 and 1850, nearly 90,000 of them went to the region of New South Wales, which then covered a substantial portion of Australia. The following is a guide to the convict records held by the Archives Office: | '''New South Wales''' holds more convict records than any other state. Of the approximately 150,000 convicts transported to Australia from Great Britain between 1788 and 1850, nearly 90,000 of them went to the region of New South Wales, which then covered a substantial portion of Australia. The following is a guide to the convict records held by the Archives Office: | ||
[http://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/indexes_online_3357.asp#Convicts Convict Records at State Records NSW] | * [http://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/indexes_online_3357.asp#Convicts Convict Records at State Records NSW] | ||
* [http://www.pcug.org.au/~ppmay/convicts.htm Irish Convicts to NSW 1791-1830] | |||
[http://www.pcug.org.au/~ppmay/convicts.htm Irish Convicts to NSW 1791-1830] | |||
By 1829 convicts or ex-convicts made up approximately 65 percent of the population of New South Wales. The ex-convicts had received either a ticket of leave, a certificate of freedom, or a pardon. | By 1829 convicts or ex-convicts made up approximately 65 percent of the population of New South Wales. The ex-convicts had received either a ticket of leave, a certificate of freedom, or a pardon. | ||
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The ticket of leave butts and certificate of freedom butts for the over 67,000 convicts sent to Tasmania have not survived. The main records for Tasmanian convicts are the convict conduct registers. Information contained in these registers are similar to the tickets of leave and certificates of freedom. Description lists are also available for Tasmanian convicts and give detailed descriptions of the convicts. | The ticket of leave butts and certificate of freedom butts for the over 67,000 convicts sent to Tasmania have not survived. The main records for Tasmanian convicts are the convict conduct registers. Information contained in these registers are similar to the tickets of leave and certificates of freedom. Description lists are also available for Tasmanian convicts and give detailed descriptions of the convicts. | ||
[http://portal.archives.tas.gov.au/menu.aspx?search=5 Index to convict applications for permission to marry 1829-1857] - Tasmania | * [http://portal.archives.tas.gov.au/menu.aspx?search=5 Index to convict applications for permission to marry 1829-1857] - Tasmania | ||
'''Victoria and Queensland''' did not become separate, self-governing colonies until after convict transportation to eastern Australia ceased. Thus, these areas do not have convict records. Technically, during the transportation era, no convicts were transported to the Port Phillip District of New South Wales, however convicts did find their way to the District. Please observe the copyright requirements for the following site: [http://www.access.prov.vic.gov.au/public/PROVguides/PROVguide057/PROVguide057.jsp PRO Victoria - Convict Records] | '''Victoria and Queensland''' did not become separate, self-governing colonies until after convict transportation to eastern Australia ceased. Thus, these areas do not have convict records. Technically, during the transportation era, no convicts were transported to the Port Phillip District of New South Wales, however convicts did find their way to the District. Please observe the copyright requirements for the following site: [http://www.access.prov.vic.gov.au/public/PROVguides/PROVguide057/PROVguide057.jsp PRO Victoria - Convict Records] | ||
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The following books are good sources for further information about convicts and the English penal and transportation systems: | The following books are good sources for further information about convicts and the English penal and transportation systems: | ||
Bateson, Charles. ''The Convict Ships''. Second Edition. Glasgow, Scotland: Brown, Son & Ferguson, 1969. (Family History Library Call Number[http://webview/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*,180,0&callno=994+H2b 994 H2b].) | * Bateson, Charles. ''The Convict Ships''. Second Edition. Glasgow, Scotland: Brown, Son & Ferguson, 1969. (Family History Library Call Number[http://webview/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*,180,0&callno=994+H2b 994 H2b].) | ||
Cobley, John F. C. C. ''The Crimes of the First Fleet Convicts''. Sydney, Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1970. (Family History Library Call Number [http://webview/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*,180,0&callno=994+P2c 994 P2c].) | * Cobley, John F. C. C. ''The Crimes of the First Fleet Convicts''. Sydney, Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1970. (Family History Library Call Number [http://webview/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*,180,0&callno=994+P2c 994 P2c].) | ||
Hughes, Robert. ''The Fatal Shore''. New York, NY, USA: Alfred A. Knoft, 1987. (Family History Library Call Number [http://webview/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=523824&disp=The+fatal+shore&columns=*,180,0 994 H2hr].) | * Hughes, Robert. ''The Fatal Shore''. New York, NY, USA: Alfred A. Knoft, 1987. (Family History Library Call Number [http://webview/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=523824&disp=The+fatal+shore&columns=*,180,0 994 H2hr].) | ||
[[Category:Australia]] | [[Category:Australia]] | ||