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Between 1664 and 1708 aliens occasionally sought British citizenship through the King of England or by a special act of Parliament. The Governor of New York or a deputy could also grant a letter of denization (similar to naturalization). Because the process was quite costly, most immigrants did not apply. <br>  
Between 1664 and 1708 aliens occasionally sought British citizenship through the King of England or by a special act of Parliament. The Governor of New York or a deputy could also grant a letter of denization (similar to naturalization). Because the process was quite costly, most immigrants did not apply. <br>  


Oaths of allegiance were also taken in 1664, 1673, 1687, and 1776. Most colonial naturalizations kept during the colonial period followed a 1740 Act of Parliament. Colonial naturalization records rarely give such information as age or town of origin. <br>
Oaths of allegiance were also taken in 1664, 1673, 1687, and 1776. Most colonial naturalizations kept during the colonial period followed a 1740 Act of Parliament. Colonial naturalization records rarely give such information as age or town of origin. ,br&gt;


==== How to find the Records  ====
Most existing records are found in the session laws and in: <br>  
 
Most existing colonial naturalization records are found in the session laws and in: <br>  


*Bockstruck, Lloyd de Witt, ''Denizations and Naturalizations in the British Colonies in America, 1607-1775'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, c2005). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57456861 At various libraries]; {{FHL|1210002|item|disp=FHL book 970 P4b}}. &nbsp;Indexes sessions laws and five other sources with colonial naturalizations and denizations. Some information is difficult to reference back to the original record.  
*Bockstruck, Lloyd de Witt, ''Denizations and Naturalizations in the British Colonies in America, 1607-1775'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, c2005). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57456861 At various libraries]; {{FHL|1210002|item|disp=FHL book 970 P4b}}. &nbsp;Indexes sessions laws and five other sources with colonial naturalizations and denizations. Some information is difficult to reference back to the original record.  
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*Scott, Kenneth and Kenn Stryker-Rodda,''Denizations, Naturalizations, and Oaths of Allegiance in Colonial New York'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1975). On&nbsp;[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=49120 Ancestry.com]&nbsp;($); [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33188608 At various libraries]; {{FHL|194502|item|disp=FHL book 974.7 P4sc}}
*Scott, Kenneth and Kenn Stryker-Rodda,''Denizations, Naturalizations, and Oaths of Allegiance in Colonial New York'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1975). On&nbsp;[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=49120 Ancestry.com]&nbsp;($); [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33188608 At various libraries]; {{FHL|194502|item|disp=FHL book 974.7 P4sc}}


== 1790 - 1906  ==
== 1790-1906  ==


After 1790, aliens could declare their intention to become citizens and later be naturalized in any court of record. Most naturalizations took place in the county courts of common pleas, but they were also recorded in city, mayors', district, and other courts. After 1906, naturalizations were usually handled by the county supreme courts and district courts.  
After 1790, aliens could declare their intention to become citizens and later be naturalized in any court of record. Most naturalizations took place in the county courts of common pleas, but they were also recorded in city, mayors', district, and other courts. After 1906, naturalizations were usually handled by the county supreme courts and district courts.  
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Naturalization documents include declarations of intention, petitions for naturalization, certificates of arrival, and certificates of naturalization (after 1906). <br>  
Naturalization documents include declarations of intention, petitions for naturalization, certificates of arrival, and certificates of naturalization (after 1906). <br>  


'''Alien Landowners''' <br>In New York, aliens could not own land and pass it on to their heirs unless they declared their intention to be a citizen of the United States.&nbsp; This restriction also created other naturalization records.<br>  
'''Alien Landowners''' <br> From __1913, it was required by state law for an individual to declare to be a citizen of the United States to own land in New York. This law has created some records regarding these aliens.<br>  


Alien depositions of intent to become citizens from 1825 through 1913 Record Group A1870) are at the [[New York State Archives|New York State Archives]] (Record Group [http://nysl.nysed.gov/uhtbin/035-archives/(N-Ar)A1869 A1869]; Abstracted version: Record Group [http://nysl.nysed.gov/uhtbin/035-archives/(N-Ar)A1870 A1870]). These were statements made by aliens who wanted to buy land. They showed the alien's intention to stay in the United States and become a citizen as soon as legally possible. Because the desire to buy land was impacted by this law, the alien was often motivated to formally declare his intention to become a citizen at the same time. Thus, an alien deposition can often be a clue as to where the declaration was filed.<br>  
Alien depositions of intent to become citizens from 1825 through 1913 Record Group A1870) are at the [[New York State Archives|New York State Archives]] (Record Group [http://nysl.nysed.gov/uhtbin/035-archives/(N-Ar)A1869 A1869]; Abstracted version: Record Group [http://nysl.nysed.gov/uhtbin/035-archives/(N-Ar)A1870 A1870]). These were statements made by aliens who wanted to buy land. They showed the alien's intention to stay in the United States and become a citizen as soon as legally possible. Because the desire to buy land was impacted by this law, the alien was often motivated to formally declare his intention to become a citizen at the same time. Thus, an alien deposition can often be a clue as to where the declaration was filed.<br>  
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*Scott, Kenneth and Roseanne Conway, ''New York Alien Residents, 1825-1848'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1978). [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3ANew+York+Alien+Residents%2C+1825-1848&qt=advanced&dblist=638 At various libraries]; {{FHL|88055|item|disp=FHL book 974.7 R2s}} - Gives details from the depositions, including counties of residence, and can be used as an index to finding declarations in this time period.
*Scott, Kenneth and Roseanne Conway, ''New York Alien Residents, 1825-1848'' (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1978). [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=ti%3ANew+York+Alien+Residents%2C+1825-1848&qt=advanced&dblist=638 At various libraries]; {{FHL|88055|item|disp=FHL book 974.7 R2s}} - Gives details from the depositions, including counties of residence, and can be used as an index to finding declarations in this time period.


'''Registration of Aliens'''<br> From 1798 to 1828 an "Alien Report and Registry" was required of all aliens. Each alien was to gave details on when and where they arrived, and sometimes names of family members. The Alien report was a Federal requirement and the records do not always survive. In New York State some counties (notably St. Lawrence) maintained separate registers of Alien Reports, but in most cases if the report survived, it is included as a loose paper with the Declaration of Intention or in the court minutes.<br>  
Registration of Aliens<br> From 1798 to 1828 an "Alien Report and Registry" was required of all aliens. Each alien was to gave details on when and where they arrived, and sometimes names of family members. The Alien report was a Federal requirement and the records do not always survive. In New York State some counties (notably St. Lawrence) maintained separate registers of Alien Reports, but in most cases if the report survived, it is included as a loose paper with the Declaration of Intention or in the court minutes.<br>  
 
*Scott, Kenneth ''British Aliens in the United States During the War of 1812, (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1979), pp. 58-241. [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=49091 On Ancestry.com]; {{FHL|78653|item|disp=FHL book 973 W4s}} – New York residents make up 50% of this book. While the individuals who registered under a Federal law of 6 July 1812 were not yet citizens, the registration told where they lived, how long they had been in the United States, and other details. It can be used to tell an ancestor’s citizenship status and where he might have been naturalized. <br>''
 
==== How to Find the Records  ====
 
=== Post 1906  ===
 
'''Alien Statements'''<br> Alien statements were made by aliens subject to Selective Service in World War II. The four page questionnaire for New York and New York City is indexed on the Naturalization Records page of Italiangen.org.<br>
 
'''Military Naturalizations'''<br> Beginning in 1862, alien immigrants who enlisted in the armed forces of the United States could petition for naturalization without filing a declaration of intention. These military naturalizations are sometimes found as a separate record group at the county clerk’s office. The Italian Genealogical Group, German Genealogy Group, the Jewish Genealogical Society of Long Island and the Irish History Forum have created The NY Military Naturalization Project, which is an index to Naturalization Records processed in military camps in the greater New York area. These military naturalizations refer to soldiers from World Wars I and II and the Korean War.
 
The New York Southern District Court, Korean War Military Naturalization Index, 1950-1955 and New York Southern District, World War II Military Naturalization Index, 1941-1946 are also available on Ancestry.com
 
==== United States Citizenship and Immigration Services  ====
 
The [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)] has instituted the [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextoid=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Genealogy Program] for public access to all records from 1906 to 1956 created by this agency, formerly Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS).&nbsp;Review the [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=3e0c69a3a0331110VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Genealogy Frequently Asked Questions website] to expedite your order and ensure success&nbsp;for your request.
 
The following records can be requested [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=e1fdae70ee09c110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD online] or by [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=b876216956c4b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD mail]:
 
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=3b14d5b07655b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Certificate Files (C-files)] from September 27, 1906 to April 1, 1956
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=a9ba4970c722b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Alien Registration Forms] from August 1, 1940 to March 31, 1944
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=8d6bfd262fa4b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Visa files] from July 1, 1924 to March 31, 1944
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=0107d5b07655b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Registry Files] from March 2, 1929 to March 31, 1944
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=0c55186d8bd5b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Alien Files (A-files)] numbered below 8 million (A8000000) and documents therein dated prior to May 1, 1951


When ordering by mail, use forms [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=7cac15d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041] (for an index search) and [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041A] (for obtaining the record). Do not submit a request for records [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD (G-1041A]) until you have completed an index search [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=7cac15d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD (G-1041])&nbsp;unless you have a [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=3b0152b10f45b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD valid file number]. Once the form is filled out, include a money order or cashier's check. Cash or a personal check will not be accepted. There are&nbsp;no&nbsp;refunds for incorrect file numbers submitted or for negative results. The mailing address is:
Fifty percent of Kenneth Scott’s British Aliens in the United States During the War of 1812, (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1979), pp. 58-241. [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=49091 On Ancestry.com]; {{FHL|78653|item|disp=FHL book 973 W4s}} – contains for New York residents. While the individuals who registered under a Federal law of 6 July 1812 were not yet citizens, the registration told where they lived, how long they had been in the United States, and other details. It can be used to tell an ancestor’s citizenship status and where he might have been naturalized. <br>  
 
:USCIS Genealogy Program <br>P.O. Box 805925 <br>Chicago, Illinois 60680-4120
 
The fee schedule is:
 
:Index Search--$20 (form [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=7cac15d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041])<br>Microfilm copies--$20 (form [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041A])<br>Paper copies--$35 (form [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041A])<br>
 
Form G-639, the [http://www.uscis.gov/files/form/g-639.pdf FOIA form]&nbsp;is&nbsp;used&nbsp;to obtain&nbsp;naturalization records created after 1956. <br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
<br>  


The Family History Library has microfilmed naturalizations for nearly all New York counties from the 1790s to 1906. The records for some counties were filmed to the 1930s. These are usually listed in the Family History Library Catalog Place Search under:  
The Family History Library has microfilmed naturalizations for nearly all New York counties from the 1790s to 1906. The records for some counties were filmed to the 1930s. These are usually listed in the Family History Library Catalog Place Search under:  
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Eastern District: 1865-1957<br> (Consisting of Kings, Richmond, Queens, Nassau, and Suffolk Counties)<br>Southern District: 1824-1959<br>(Consisting of Manhattan, Bronx, and Westchester Counties)<br>Nassau County Supreme Court: 1899-1989<br>Suffolk County Supreme Court: 1865-1981<br>Bronx Borough Supreme Court:1914-1952<br>Queens Borough Supreme Court: 1906-1957<br>Clinton County:1865-1906<br>Essex County:1836-1906<br>Northern County<br>Richmond Naturalization<br>Trenton Naturalization Index NY<br>United States Circuit Court for the Southern District Court<br>Alien Statements<br>Western District<br>Military Naturalizations<br>  
Eastern District: 1865-1957<br> (Consisting of Kings, Richmond, Queens, Nassau, and Suffolk Counties)<br>Southern District: 1824-1959<br>(Consisting of Manhattan, Bronx, and Westchester Counties)<br>Nassau County Supreme Court: 1899-1989<br>Suffolk County Supreme Court: 1865-1981<br>Bronx Borough Supreme Court:1914-1952<br>Queens Borough Supreme Court: 1906-1957<br>Clinton County:1865-1906<br>Essex County:1836-1906<br>Northern County<br>Richmond Naturalization<br>Trenton Naturalization Index NY<br>United States Circuit Court for the Southern District Court<br>Alien Statements<br>Western District<br>Military Naturalizations<br>  


<br>  
==== United States Citizenship and Immigration Services  ====
 
The [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)] has instituted the [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextoid=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Genealogy Program] for public access to all records from 1906 to 1956 created by this agency, formerly Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS).&nbsp;Review the [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=3e0c69a3a0331110VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Genealogy Frequently Asked Questions website] to expedite your order and ensure success&nbsp;for your request.
 
The following records can be requested [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=e1fdae70ee09c110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD online] or by [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=b876216956c4b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD mail]:
 
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=3b14d5b07655b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Certificate Files (C-files)] from September 27, 1906 to April 1, 1956
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=a9ba4970c722b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Alien Registration Forms] from August 1, 1940 to March 31, 1944
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=8d6bfd262fa4b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Visa files] from July 1, 1924 to March 31, 1944
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=0107d5b07655b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Registry Files] from March 2, 1929 to March 31, 1944
*[http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=0c55186d8bd5b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Alien Files (A-files)] numbered below 8 million (A8000000) and documents therein dated prior to May 1, 1951
 
When ordering by mail, use forms [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=7cac15d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041] (for an index search) and [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041A] (for obtaining the record). Do not submit a request for records [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD (G-1041A]) until you have completed an index search [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=7cac15d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD (G-1041])&nbsp;unless you have a [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=3b0152b10f45b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD valid file number]. Once the form is filled out, include a money order or cashier's check. Cash or a personal check will not be accepted. There are&nbsp;no&nbsp;refunds for incorrect file numbers submitted or for negative results. The mailing address is:
 
:USCIS Genealogy Program <br>P.O. Box 805925 <br>Chicago, Illinois 60680-4120
 
The fee schedule is:
 
:Index Search--$20 (form [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=7cac15d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041])<br>Microfilm copies--$20 (form [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041A])<br>Paper copies--$35 (form [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=882615d8c1dbb110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=db029c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1RCRD G-1041A])<br>


Form G-639, the [http://www.uscis.gov/files/form/g-639.pdf FOIA form]&nbsp;is&nbsp;used&nbsp;to obtain&nbsp;naturalization records created after 1956. <br>
==== National Archives Northeast Region (Boston)  ====
==== National Archives Northeast Region (Boston)  ====


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