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In 1568, Phillip II decreed that the Moors should abandon their names and adopt Spanish names. Thus, some Moorish names such as Ben-egas became Venegas. In France, placing de was a mark of nobility, but in Spain it was only a preposition of origin (of or from) used before a geographic name. From long usage, names such as Del Monte became Delmonte, and La Villa became Lavilla. | In 1568, Phillip II decreed that the Moors should abandon their names and adopt Spanish names. Thus, some Moorish names such as Ben-egas became Venegas. In France, placing de was a mark of nobility, but in Spain it was only a preposition of origin (of or from) used before a geographic name. From long usage, names such as Del Monte became Delmonte, and La Villa became Lavilla. | ||
=== | ===Influences in a Surname=== | ||
The four influences that played a part in the development of Spanish surnames were patronymical, occupational, descriptive or nickname, and geographical (estates, manors, and dominions) terms. Examples of these influences are: | The four influences that played a part in the development of Spanish surnames were patronymical, occupational, descriptive or nickname, and geographical (estates, manors, and dominions) terms. Examples of these influences are: | ||
* '''Patronymic.''' Based on a parent's name, such as Juan Martinez (Juan son of Martin) and Juan Dominguez (Juan son of Domingo).'''<br>''' | |||
* '''Occupational.''' Based on the person's trade,such as José Herrera (José the blacksmith) and Juan El Molinero (Juan the Miller).'''<br>''' | |||
* '''Descriptive or nickname.''' Based on a unique quality of the person, such as Domingo Calvo (Domingo bald headed) and Juan El Moreno (Juan the Dark). | |||
* '''Toponymic.'''Based on a person's residence, such as Domingo del Rio (Domingo from near a river) and Juan de Córdova (Juan from Cordova). At first, surnames applied only to one person and not to the whole family. After a few generations these names became hereditary and were used from father to son. | |||
Surnames were first used by the nobility and wealthy landowners. Later the custom was followed by merchants and townspeople and eventually by the rural population. This process took two or three centuries. In Spain the name system was well established by the 1100s. The naming customs of Spain became the basis for other Spanish–speaking countries. | Surnames were first used by the nobility and wealthy landowners. Later the custom was followed by merchants and townspeople and eventually by the rural population. This process took two or three centuries. In Spain the name system was well established by the 1100s. The naming customs of Spain became the basis for other Spanish–speaking countries. | ||
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'''The following books are helpful for understanding naming practices:''' | '''The following books are helpful for understanding naming practices:''' | ||
* Gosnell, Charles F. ''Spanish Personal Names: Principles Governing their Formation and Use Which May Be Presented As a Help for Catalogers and Bibliographers.'' New York, New York, USA: The H. W. Wilson Company, 1971. (FHL book 980 D4go.) | |||
* Mugica, José A. ''Los Apellidos de Iberia: Su Orgen y Evolución.''(The Surnames of Iberia: Their Origins and Evolution). Bilbao, Spain: Editorial EDILI, S.A., 1966. Equipo de expertos 2100. | |||
* ''Gran Diccionario de los Nombres de Persona.''(Gran Dictionary of Person’s Names). Barcelona, Spain: Editorial de Vecchi, 1998. (FHL book 946 D46g.) | |||
== Given Names == | == Given Names == | ||
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'''Many books are available that discuss Spanish names and their meanings. Books that provide meanings for given names include:''' | '''Many books are available that discuss Spanish names and their meanings. Books that provide meanings for given names include:''' | ||
* Gorden, Raymond L. ''Spanish Personal Names.''Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA: Antioch College, 1968. (FHL book 980 D4g; film 0924066 item 1.) | |||
* Tibon, Gutierre. ''Diccionario Etimologico Compartado de Nombres Propios de Persona.'' (Dictionary of Ethnological Comparison of Given Names). Mexico: Union Tipografica-orial Hispano-American, 1956. (FHL book 980 D4t.) | |||
* Cutolo, Vicente Osvaldo. ''Apodos y Denominativos en la historia Argentina.'' (Nicknames and Denominatives in Argentine History.) Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial Elche 1974. (FHL book 982 H2c.) | |||
* Tanodi, Aurelio. ''Interpretación Paleográfica de nombres Indigenas.'' (PaleographicInterpretation of Indian names). Córdoba, Spain: Universidad de Córdoba, 1965. (FHL book 982 G3t; film 0896929 item 1.) | |||
[[Category:Argentina]] | |||