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'''''Feeder routes.''''' Emigrants reached the Catskill Turnpike along three main routes. First, they came up the Hudson River Valley by boat or via the [[Albany Post Road|Albany Post Road]]. Second, they came along the [[Catskill Road|Catskill Road]]<ref>''Handybook'', 848.</ref> (later Ancram Turnpike<ref name="Ancr">"Map and Timeline: 1800 to 2020 (and Beyond)" in Susquehanna Turnpike.org at http://www.susquehannaturnpike.net/15901.html (accessed 28 December 2011).</ref>) from Springfield, Massachusetts to Catskill, New York. Third, there was also stagecoach service on the [[Greenwood Road|Greenwood Road]]<ref>''Handybook'', 850.</ref> from Hartford, Connecticut to Albany which could drop them off near Catskill. | '''''Feeder routes.''''' Emigrants reached the Catskill Turnpike along three main routes. First, they came up the Hudson River Valley by boat or via the [[Albany Post Road|Albany Post Road]]. Second, they came along the [[Catskill Road|Catskill Road]]<ref>''Handybook'', 848.</ref> (later Ancram Turnpike<ref name="Ancr">"Map and Timeline: 1800 to 2020 (and Beyond)" in Susquehanna Turnpike.org at http://www.susquehannaturnpike.net/15901.html (accessed 28 December 2011).</ref>) from Springfield, Massachusetts to Catskill, New York. Third, there was also stagecoach service on the [[Greenwood Road|Greenwood Road]]<ref>''Handybook'', 850.</ref> from Hartford, Connecticut to Albany which could drop them off near Catskill. | ||
'''''Footpath to | '''''Footpath to turnpike.''''' By 1769 European settlers were following an early pathway from Catskill to Ithaca which eventually became the Catskill Turnpike.<ref>Archer Butler Hulbert, ''Pioneer Roads and Experiences of Travelers'', vol. 2, Historic Highways of America, vol. 12 (Cleveland, Ohio: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1904), 144. Google books [{{PionRoad}} online copy]; {{WorldCat|9316729|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}.</ref> In 1800 the New York legislature commissioned several turnpikes (toll roads), inspectors, mail, and stagecoach service to improve roads from the Hudson River to the Susquehanna River. Stock companies were formed to raise the money, build, and maintain these higher quality roads. Tolls were to be collected at gates every ten miles to repay the stock companies. As traffic grew, inns were soon established every few miles to provide the beverages, food, and lodging needed for people and animals.<ref name="Gall" /> | ||
'''''Overlapping trail names.''''' The original pathway from Springfield, Massachusetts to Unadilla, New York was called the ''Catskill Road''. When the legislature upgraded the Catskill-Unadilla section they called it the ''Susquehanna Turnpike''. But when the turnpike was extended west to Bath the whole west-side-of-the-river road was renamed the ''Catskill Turnpike'' (or ''Bath Turnpike''), and the east side of the river the ''Ancram Turnpike''.<ref>Almyra E. Morgan, ''The Catskill Turnpike: a Wilderness Path'' (Ithaca, NY : DeWitt Historical Society of Tompkins County, 1971), 5. Tompkins County Public Library [http://tcpl.org/local-history/documents/nys-cny/Catskill_Turnpike.pdf digital pdf copy]; {{WorldCat|63600251|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}.</ref> During the same period, the legislature commissioned the upgrade of a different, connected road starting farther to the south at Kingston (on the Hudson River) and going to Bainbridge (near Unadilla) called the ''Ulster and Delaware Turnpike'' (or ''Jericho'', or ''Esopus Turnpike'')<ref name="Gall" /> Also, in 1804 twice a week mail service was started from Catskill, New York, partly following the Catskill Turnpike but to Athens, Pennsylvania, the eastern end of the ''Forbidden Path'', the probable explanation for the Catskill Turnpike being associated with the Forbidden Path.<ref name="Ancr" /> | |||
Stagecoaches usually took four days and nights to drive from Ithaca to Catskill. This service continued year around even in the snow. Some years the traffic was so heavy two passenger coaches were hitched together followed by a baggage wagon. Before the railroads, cattle drovers also used the turnpike to take their herds to market usually in Dutchess County.<ref name="Gall" /> | Stagecoaches usually took four days and nights to drive from Ithaca to Catskill. This service continued year around even in the snow. Some years the traffic was so heavy two passenger coaches were hitched together followed by a baggage wagon. Before the railroads, cattle drovers also used the turnpike to take their herds to market usually in Dutchess County.<ref name="Gall" /> | ||