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'''1638–1664:''' Director General and Council of New Netherland was the highest court and governing body in New Netherland.<br> | '''1638–1664:''' Director General and Council of New Netherland was the highest court and governing body in New Netherland.<br> | ||
::There are three published volumes for 1638–1660: Van Laer, Arnold J. F. ''Register of the Provincial Secretary; Council Minutes.'' Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company,1974. {{FHL|196619|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 H2vL}}. Each volume is indexed. The records for 1649–1651 have been lost. Remaining records give genealogical information about many early immigrants. <br><br> | ::There are three published volumes for 1638–1660: Van Laer, Arnold J. F. ''Register of the Provincial Secretary; Council Minutes.'' Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company,1974. {{WorldCat|11574669|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|196619|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 H2vL}}. Each volume is indexed. The records for 1649–1651 have been lost. Remaining records give genealogical information about many early immigrants. <br><br> | ||
'''1653–1674:''' Courts of schouts and schepens were the Dutch courts having criminal and civil jurisdiction. These were replaced by the mayor's court.<br> | '''1653–1674:''' Courts of schouts and schepens were the Dutch courts having criminal and civil jurisdiction. These were replaced by the mayor's court.<br> | ||
::Records of these courts are found in Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, translator, and Berthold Fernow, editor, ''The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674 Anno Domini'', Seven Volumes. (1897; reprint, Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976;{{FHL|259195|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2f}} 1976; Volumes 1–4: {{FHL|259195|item|disp=FHL Film 982184}}; Volumes 5–7 on {{FHL|259195|item|disp=FHL Film 982187, items 1–3}}). The index is in volume 7. Immigrants and their occupations are sometimes listed. <br><br> | ::Records of these courts are found in Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, translator, and Berthold Fernow, editor, ''The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674 Anno Domini'', Seven Volumes. (1897; reprint, Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1976; {{WorldCat|2222067|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|259195|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2f}} 1976; Volumes 1–4: {{FHL|259195|item|disp=FHL Film 982184}}; Volumes 5–7 on {{FHL|259195|item|disp=FHL Film 982187, items 1–3}}). The index is in volume 7. Immigrants and their occupations are sometimes listed. <br><br> | ||
'''1664–1688:''' Colony of New York records are found in: Christoph, Peter, editor. ''New York Historical Manuscripts''. English. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing, Incorporated, | '''1664–1688:''' Colony of New York records are found in: Christoph, Peter, editor. ''New York Historical Manuscripts''. English. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing, Incorporated, 1980 {{WorldCat|6570523|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|32248|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 H2ny Volumes 2–3}}. Volume 2: ''Books of General Entries of the Colony of New York, 1664–1673''.{{WorldCat|123194563|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} Volume 3: ''Books of General Entries of the Colony of New York, 1674–1688''.{{WorldCat|123194556|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}. These books list some marriages, divorces, denizations, passports, and court decisions. <br> | ||
'''1664–present:''' Justice's courts are presided over by justices of the peace who perform marriages, issue summons for debts, and rule on minor civil suits. <br> | '''1664–present:''' Justice's courts are presided over by justices of the peace who perform marriages, issue summons for debts, and rule on minor civil suits. <br> | ||
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'''1665–1683:''' Court of Assizes was the highest provincial court. It was established in New York City, hearing both civil and criminal cases. Along with the Court of general sessions of the peace, the Court of Assizes had jurisdiction over probates.<br> | '''1665–1683:''' Court of Assizes was the highest provincial court. It was established in New York City, hearing both civil and criminal cases. Along with the Court of general sessions of the peace, the Court of Assizes had jurisdiction over probates.<br> | ||
::The records for 1665–1682 have been published as Christoph, Peter R. and Florence A. Christoph, editors, ''New York Historical Manuscripts: English. Records of the Court of Assizes for the Colony of New York, 1665–1682'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1983) | ::The records for 1665–1682 have been published as Christoph, Peter R. and Florence A. Christoph, editors, ''New York Historical Manuscripts: English. Records of the Court of Assizes for the Colony of New York, 1665–1682'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1983).{{WorldCat|10437309|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|32248|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 H2ny, v. 4}}. The records contain appeals, some probates, and divorce records. <br><br> | ||
'''1665–1962:''' Courts of general sessions of the peace were county courts having jurisdiction over criminal cases such as desertions, vice, apprenticeship disputes, bastardy, and other violations of vice and immorality laws. These courts handled probate matters from 1665 to about 1683. They heard only criminal cases after 1691. Their jurisdiction was transferred to the county court in 1847, except in New York County where the courts of general sessions of the peace continued until 1962. <br> | '''1665–1962:''' Courts of general sessions of the peace were county courts having jurisdiction over criminal cases such as desertions, vice, apprenticeship disputes, bastardy, and other violations of vice and immorality laws. These courts handled probate matters from 1665 to about 1683. They heard only criminal cases after 1691. Their jurisdiction was transferred to the county court in 1847, except in New York County where the courts of general sessions of the peace continued until 1962. <br> | ||
::Some early quarter sessions records have been published in Kenneth Scott, editor, ''New York City Court Records, 1684–1804, Genealogical Data from the Court of Quarter Sessions'', Four Volumes. (Arlington, Virginia: National Genealogical Society, 1982–88) {{FHL|336812|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2s}}; {{FHL|336842|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2sk}}; {{FHL|638687|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2sb}}, and {{FHL|638691|item|disp= FHL Book 974.71 P2sc}}. Records contain lists of persons involved in cases of stealing, assault, battery, and illegitimacy. <br><br> | ::Some early quarter sessions records have been published in Kenneth Scott, editor, ''New York City Court Records, 1684–1804, Genealogical Data from the Court of Quarter Sessions'', Four Volumes. (Arlington, Virginia: National Genealogical Society, 1982–88). 1684–1760:{{WorldCat|8823698|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} {{FHL|336812|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2s}}; 1760–1797: {{WorldCat|9783754|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; 1797–1801: {{WorldCat|17506557|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}};{{FHL|336842|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2sk}}; {{FHL|638687|item|disp=FHL Book 974.71 P2sb}}, and 1901–1804:{{WorldCat|17506557|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}};{{FHL|638691|item|disp= FHL Book 974.71 P2sc}}. Records contain lists of persons involved in cases of stealing, assault, battery, and illegitimacy. <br><br> | ||
'''1674–1784:''' Mayor's court existed in New York City and Albany. It handled civil suits, apprenticeships, and naturalizations. Early records are in Kenneth Scott, editor, ''New York Historical Manuscripts. Minutes of the Mayor's Court of New York, 1674–1675 ''(Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1983) {{FHL|32248|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 H2ny v. 5). This book lists probates, marriages, lawsuits, licenses, names of freemen, and persons taking allegiance oaths. The Mayor's court of Albany was established in 1686 and continued during the colonial period. The records are at the Albany County Hall of Records. <br> | '''1674–1784:''' Mayor's court existed in New York City and Albany. It handled civil suits, apprenticeships, and naturalizations. Early records are in Kenneth Scott, editor, ''New York Historical Manuscripts. Minutes of the Mayor's Court of New York, 1674–1675 ''(Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1983) {{FHL|32248|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 H2ny v. 5). This book lists probates, marriages, lawsuits, licenses, names of freemen, and persons taking allegiance oaths. The Mayor's court of Albany was established in 1686 and continued during the colonial period. The records are at the Albany County Hall of Records. <br> | ||