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{{Place|Scotland}} | {{Place|Scotland}} | ||
==Description== | |||
There are three officially recognized languages spoken in Scotland <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Scotland," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland#:~:text=Scotland%20has%20three%20officially%20recognised%20languages, accessed 18 May 2023.</ref> | |||
* '''English''' - a variety of English called '''Scottish Standard English'''. May have been influenced by Scots. | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_language '''Scots'''] - per the 2011 census, 63% of the population have no skills in Scots. | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic '''Scottish Gaelic'''] - most spoken in the Western Isles by the majority of the population. | |||
Other languages spoken include | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highland_English '''Highland English'''] - a variety of Scottish English | |||
==Word List(s)== | |||
* MacRisnidh, Steafan. ''Gaelic gold : a learner's dictionary/phrasebook.'' Glasgow: Lexus Ltd, 2017. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/986692684 WorldCat]. | |||
* Stevenson, James A. C. and Iseabail Macleod. ''Scoor-oot : a dictionary of Scots words and phrases in current use.'' London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/927168835 WorldCat]. | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/scots.php#:~:text=Useful%20Scots%20phrases Useful Scots phrases] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://theculturetrip.com/europe/united-kingdom/scotland/articles/30-phrases-and-words-youll-only-hear-in-edinburgh-and-scotland/#:~:text=Scottish%20Phrases Scottish Phrases] - Culture Trip | |||
* [https://owlcation.com/humanities/Scots-Gaelic-words-and-phrases#:~:text=25%20Useful%20Phrases%20and%20Vocabulary%20in%20Scottish%20Gaelic 25 Useful Phrases and Vocabulary in Scottish Gaelic] - Owlcation | |||
* [https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_phrasebook#:~:text=Scottish%20Gaelic%20phrasebook Scottish Gaelic phrasebook] - WikiVoyage | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/gaelic.php#:~:text=Useful%20Scottish%20Gaelic%20phrases Useful Scottish Gaelic phrases] - Omniglot | |||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | |||
'''Alphabet''' | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/scots.htm#:~:text=Scots%20alphabet Scots alphabet] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_language#:~:text=The%20vowel%20system%20of%20Modern%20Scots Scots Vowels and Consonants] - Wikipedia | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/gaelic.htm#:~:text=Scottish%20Gaelic%20alphabet Scottish Gaelic alphabet] - Omniglot | |||
'''Pronunciation''' | |||
* Dieckhoff, Henry Cyril. ''A pronouncing dictionary of Scottish Gaelic.'' Glasgow: Gairm, 1992. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/59961352 WorldCat]. | |||
* Robinson, Christine and Carol Ann Crawford. ''Scotspeak : a guide to the pronunciation of modern urban Scots.'' Edinburgh: Luath Press, 2011. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/754192919 WorldCat]. | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/scots.htm#:~:text=Scots%20pronunciation Scots pronunciation] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://forvo.com/languages/sco/ Scots pronunciation dictionary] - Forvo | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/gaelic.htm#:~:text=Pronunciation Scottish Gaelic Pronunciation] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://forvo.com/languages/gd/ Scottish Gaelic pronunciation dictionary] - Forvo | |||
==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | |||
'''Dictionaries''' | |||
* Speitel, Pauline Cairns. ''Concise Scots dictionary.'' Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1013179107 WorldCat]. | |||
* ''Scots dictionary.'' Glasgow: HarperCollins Publishers, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1077272738 WorldCat]. | |||
* Watson, Angus. ''The essential English-Gaelic dictionary.'' Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2005. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/56436731 WorldCat]. | |||
* Robertson, Boyd and Ian MacDonald. ''Essential Gaelic dictionary.'' London: Hodder Education, 2010. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/811402877 WorldCat]. | |||
* Gutt-Mostowy, Jan, Miroslaw Lipiński, and Tadeusz Gromada. ''Highlander Polish-English/English-Highlander Polish dictionary.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, 1995. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/33346264 WorldCat]. | |||
'''Online Dictionaries''' | |||
* [https://glosbe.com/en/sco Dictionary English - Scots] - Glosbe | |||
* [https://glosbe.com/en/gd Dictionary English - Scottish Gaelic] - Glosbe | |||
'''Language Aids''' | |||
* Maolalaigh, Roibeard Ó. ''Scottish Gaelic in twelve weeks.'' Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2015. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/949175258 WorldCat]. | |||
* Purves, David. ''A Scots grammar : Scots grammar and usage.'' Edinburgh: Saltire Society, 2002. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/49872271 WorldCat]. | |||
* Corbett, John and Christian Kay. ''Understanding grammar in Scotland today.'' Glasgow: Association for Scottish Literary Studies, 2009. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/434564044 WorldCat]. | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Scots#Grammar Scots Grammar] - Wikipedia | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_phonology_and_orthography Scottish Gaelic phonology and orthography] - Wikipedia | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_grammar Scottish Gaelic grammar] - Wikipedia | |||
==Additional Resources== | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/scots.htm Scots Language] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/gaelic.htm Scottish Gaelic Language] - Omniglot | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Scotland Language and Handwriting]] | [[Category:Scotland Language and Handwriting]] | ||
[[Category:Scotland]] | [[Category:Scotland]] | ||
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Celtic Languages]] | [[Category:Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Celtic Languages]] | ||