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==Historical Background== | ==Historical Background== | ||
Religion in Ukraine is diverse, with a majority of the population adhering to Christianity. A 2018 survey conducted by the Razumkov Centre found that 71.7% of the population declared themselves believers. About 67.3% of the population declared adherence to one or another strand of '''Orthodox''' Christianity (28.7% of the '''Kiev Patriarchate''', 23.4% state simply 'Orthodox' with no declaration as to which Patriarchate they belong to, 12.8% of the '''Moscow Patriarchate''', 0.3% '''Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church''', and 1.9% other types of Orthodoxy), 7.7% 'Christian' with no declared denominational affiliation, 9.4% '''Ukrainian Byzantine Rite Catholics''', 2.2% '''Protestants''' and 0.8% '''Latin Rite Catholics'''. | Religion in Ukraine is diverse, with a majority of the population adhering to Christianity. Here is an overview of the major religions that have made their home in Ukraine: | ||
=== Eastern Orthodox === | |||
The Russian/Ukrainian Orthodox church in Ukraine was first founded in 988 in Kyiv by the Patriarch of Constantinople, when Kyivan Rus was christianized by Prince Volodymyr I. In 1448, the Ukrainian church was separated from that of Muscovy when its first metropolitan was established in Kyiv. In 1596, another split occurred within the Ukrainian Orthodox church, when the Greek Catholic Church was established. Through the centuries, there was tension between the heads of the church in Kyiv and Moscow; in 1686, Moscow's patriarch attempted to annex the Kyivan church outright. The fortunes of the Ukrainian Orthodox church followed political developments; it was only in 1990 that the church was fully independent. | |||
=== Greek Catholic === | |||
The Greek Catholic church, an outgrowth of the Ukrainian Orthodox church, was first established in 1596. It is unique in that it is the largest Orthodox-based church that is in full communion with the Roman Catholic church. As of 2019, the church had approximately 4.1 million members. | |||
=== Other religions === | |||
A 2018 survey conducted by the Razumkov Centre found that 71.7% of the population declared themselves believers. About 67.3% of the population declared adherence to one or another strand of '''Orthodox''' Christianity (28.7% of the '''Kiev Patriarchate''', 23.4% state simply 'Orthodox' with no declaration as to which Patriarchate they belong to, 12.8% of the '''Moscow Patriarchate''', 0.3% '''Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church''', and 1.9% other types of Orthodoxy), 7.7% 'Christian' with no declared denominational affiliation, 9.4% '''Ukrainian Byzantine Rite Catholics''', 2.2% '''Protestants''' and 0.8% '''Latin Rite Catholics'''. | |||
As of 2016, Protestants make up 2.2% of the population of Ukraine, with a strong concentration in western Ukraine (5.3%). In the country there are communities of '''Evangelicalism, Baptists, Charismatic Christianity, as well as Methodists, Mennonites, Lutherans, Presbyterians''', and others. There is also a '''Sub-Carpathian Reformed Church''' with about 140,000 members, which is one of the earliest Protestant communities in the country. The '''Embassy of God of Sunday Adelaja''' maintains a significant presence throughout the country, as do other neopentecostal groups. | As of 2016, Protestants make up 2.2% of the population of Ukraine, with a strong concentration in western Ukraine (5.3%). In the country there are communities of '''Evangelicalism, Baptists, Charismatic Christianity, as well as Methodists, Mennonites, Lutherans, Presbyterians''', and others. There is also a '''Sub-Carpathian Reformed Church''' with about 140,000 members, which is one of the earliest Protestant communities in the country. The '''Embassy of God of Sunday Adelaja''' maintains a significant presence throughout the country, as do other neopentecostal groups. | ||