Lebanon Languages: Difference between revisions

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* [[French Genealogical Word List]]
* [[French Genealogical Word List]]
* [[Arabic Genealogical Word List]]
* [[Arabic Genealogical Word List]]
* [https://wikitravel.org/en/Lebanese_Arabic_phrasebook Lebanese Arabic phrasebook] - Wikitravel
* [http://www.lebaneselanguage.org/grammar/phrases/common-lebanese-terms-and-phrases/ Common Lebanese Terms and Phrases] - Lebanese Language Institute
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/arabic_lebanese.php Useful phrases in Arabic Lebanese] - Omniglot
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic#:~:text=Common%20phrases Modern_Standard_Arabic Common phrases] - Wikipedia


==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''Alphabet'''
'''Alphabet'''
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanese_Arabic#:~:text=Phonology Lebanese Arabic Alphabet] - Wikipedia
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanese_Arabic#:~:text=Phonology Lebanese Arabic Consonants & Vowels] - Wikipedia
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/lebanese.htm#:~:text=Lebanese%20Arabic%20online%20alphabet Lebanese Arabic online alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/lebanese.htm#:~:text=Vowels Lebanese Arabic Vowels] - Omniglot
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology Modern Standard Arabic Alphabet] - Wikipedia


'''Pronunciation'''
'''Pronunciation'''
 
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/lebanese.htm#:~:text=Pronunciation%20of%20Lebanese%20Arabic Pronunciation of Lebanese Arabic] - Omniglot
* [https://wikitravel.org/en/Arabic_phrasebook#:~:text=Pronunciation%20guide Arabic Pronunciation guide] - WikiTravel


==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
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* Karin C Ryding, '''''A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic''''', Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2005 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/reference-grammar-of-modern-standard-arabic/oclc/967398842&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat]
* Karin C Ryding, '''''A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic''''', Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2005 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/reference-grammar-of-modern-standard-arabic/oclc/967398842&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat]
* Mohammad T Alhawary, '''''Modern Standard Arabic Grammar''''', Somerset : Wiley, 2011 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/modern-standard-arabic-grammar/oclc/1027147213&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat]
* Mohammad T Alhawary, '''''Modern Standard Arabic Grammar''''', Somerset : Wiley, 2011 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/modern-standard-arabic-grammar/oclc/1027147213&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat]
* Urs Bucher, '''''Vocabulary of modern standard Arabic''''', Grossdietwil : Tobun, 1984 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/vocabulary-of-modern-standard-arabic/oclc/249687643&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar] - Wikipedia


==Additional Resources==
==Additional Resources==

Revision as of 10:15, 23 February 2022

Lebanon Wiki Topics
Flag of Lebanon.svg.png
Beginning Research
Record Types
Lebanon Background
Local Research Resources

Description[edit | edit source]

Arabic is the official national language. The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic.
A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used. There is a significant presence of French. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone.
The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. [1]

Word List(s)[edit | edit source]

Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

Alphabet

Pronunciation

Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

Dictionaries

  • Tressy Arts, Oxford Arabic dictionary : Arabic-English · English-Arabic, Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2014 - Available at WorldCat
  • Pierre-Henri Cousin, Collins French dictionary, New York N.Y. : HarperCollins Publishers, Boston, Mass. : Credo Reference, 2007 - Available at WorldCat

Online Dictionaries

Language Aids

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Lebanon," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon#Language, accessed 5 Feb 2022.



Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used".The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. Lebanese Sign Language is the language of the deaf community. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone, and another 15% "partial francophone," and 70% of Lebanon's secondary schools use French as a second language of instruction. By comparison, English is used as a secondary language in 30% of Lebanon's secondary schools.The use of French is a legacy of France's historic ties to the region, including its League of Nations mandate over Lebanon following World War I; as of 2004, some 20% of the population used French on a daily basis.The use of Arabic by Lebanon's educated youth is declining, as they usually prefer to speak in French and, to a lesser extent, English, which are seen as 'hipper'. English is increasingly used in science and business interaction. As of 2007 the presence of English in Lebanon has increased. Lebanese citizens of Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish descent often speak Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish with varying degrees of fluency. As of 2009, there were around 150,000 Armenians in Lebanon, or around 5% of the population. (Wikipedia)

For word lists and help researching in Lebanon records, see:

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