New Zealand Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions

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 ===Immigration to New Zealand===
-*As nearly as can be determined, the years 900-1100 A.D. saw the arrival of the canoes bringing the '''first Maori settlers'''.
+*The '''Māori''' were the first people to reach New Zealand, followed by the early '''European settlers'''.
-*Sporadic European contact occurred during the 17th and 18th centuries until about 1800. At that time there were between 100,000 and 200,000 Maori and 50 Europeans living in the Islands.
+*Following coloniszation, immigrants were predominantly from '''Britain, Ireland and Australia''' because of restrictive policies.
-*Although British missionaries arrived in 1814, the first serious attempt at British colonization was not made until 1826. Most colonists moved on to Australia, declaring that New Zealand was much too primitive.
+*There was also significant '''Dutch, Dalmatian, German, and Italian immigration''', together with '''indirect European immigration through Australia, North America, South America and South Africa'''.
-*Further attempts at '''European settlement''' continued until the 1840s, during which time the '''Wellington, Wanganui, Akaroa, Nelson, Dunedin and New Plymouth settlements''' were all founded.
+*Net migration increased after the Second World War; in the 1970s and 1980s policies were relaxed, and '''immigration from Asia was promoted'''.
-*By 1858, there were approximately 56,000 Maori and 59,000 Europeans living in New Zealand. The Maori population had been decimated in part by diseases brought by the white settlers.
+*In 2009–10, an annual target of 45,000–50,000 permanent residence approvals was set by the '''New Zealand Immigration Service'''.
-*By 1867, there were 217,436 Europeans in New Zealand, which meant an average annual increase of 17,500 people of European descent during that time. Not all were emigrants, but many were, and the shipping business was brisk. It is by accessing these shipping records that we can learn more of the immigrant’s background and place of origin.
+*In the 2018 census, 27.4% of people counted were not born in New Zealand, up from 25.2% in the 2013 census.
+*Over half (52.4%) of New Zealand's overseas-born population lives in the '''Auckland Region'''.
+*The '''United Kingdom''' remains the largest source of New Zealand's immigrant population, with around a quarter of all overseas-born New Zealanders born *Other major sources of New Zealand's overseas-born population are '''China, India, Australia, South Africa, Fiji and Samoa'''.<ref>"New Zealanders", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealanders, accessed 30 June 2021.</ref>
 ===Types of Records===
 Archives New Zealand has produced the useful [http://archives.govt.nz/research/guides/migration '''Migration Reference Guide'''] to the history of migration in New Zealand and the records generated. <br>